Cutar Kawasaki

Cutar Kawasaki wani yanayi ne mai wuya wanda ya ƙunshi kumburi da jijiyoyin jini. Yana faruwa a cikin yara.

Cutar Kawasaki tana faruwa mafi yawanci a Japan, inda aka fara gano ta. Ana yawan ganin cutar a yara maza fiye da ta 'yan mata. Mafi yawan yaran da suka kamu da wannan matsalar shekarunsu ba su kai 5 ba.

Ba a fahimci cutar Kawasaki sosai ba kuma har yanzu ba a san dalilinsa ba. Yana iya zama rashin lafiyar kansa. Matsalar tana shafar ƙwayoyin mucous, ƙwayoyin lymph, bangon jijiyoyin jini, da zuciya.

Cutar Kawasaki galibi tana farawa ne da zazzabi na 102 ° F (38.9 ° C) ko sama da haka wanda baya tafiya. Zazzabin yakan zama kamar 104 ° F (40 ° C). Zazzabin da ke ɗaukar aƙalla kwanaki 5 alama ce ta gama gari na rashin lafiyar. Zazzabin na iya wucewa har zuwa makonni 2. Zazzabin baya yawan saukowa da allurai na yau da kullum na acetaminophen (Tylenol) ko ibuprofen.

Sauran bayyanar cututtuka sau da yawa sun haɗa da:

• Zub da jini ko jajayen idanu (ba tare da kumburi ko magudanar ruwa ba)
• Launi mai haske, ko tsattsage, ko leɓunan da suka fashe
• Red mucous membranes a cikin bakin
• Harshen "Strawberry", tare da fararen farin a kan harshen, ko kuma bayyanar da kumburin ja a bayan harshen
• Jaja, tafin kumatun hannu da tafin kafa
• Rashes na fata a tsakiyar jiki, BA ƙyalli-kamar
• Fata fata a cikin al'aura, hannaye, da ƙafafu (galibi kusa da kusoshi, dabino, da tafin kafa)
• Ymananan lymph nodes a cikin wuyansa (sau da yawa sau ɗaya kawai ƙwayar lymph tana kumbura)
• Hadin gwiwa da kumburi, sau da yawa a ɓangarorin biyu na jiki

Symptomsarin bayyanar cututtuka na iya haɗawa da:

• Rashin fushi
• Gudawa, amai, da ciwon ciki
• Tari da hanci

Gwaji kawai ba zai iya tantance cutar Kawasaki ba. Yawancin lokaci, mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai bincikar cutar lokacin da yaro ke da yawancin alamun bayyanar.

A wasu lokuta, yaro na iya yin zazzaɓi wanda ya fi kwana 5, amma ba duk alamun bayyanar cutar ba ne. Wadannan yara ana iya bincikar su da cutar Kawasaki maras kyau.

Duk yaran da suke da zazzaɓi fiye da kwanaki 5 ya kamata mai ba da magani ya bincika cutar ta Kawasaki. Yaran da ke fama da cutar suna buƙatar kulawa da wuri don kyakkyawan sakamako.

Za a iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Kirjin x-ray
• Kammala lissafin jini
• Furotin C-mai amsawa (CRP)
• Erythrocyte sedimentation kudi (ESR)
• Ferritin
• Sinadarin albumin
• Maganin jini
• Yin fitsari - na iya nuna fitsari a cikin fitsari ko furotin a cikin fitsarin
• Al'adun makogwaro don streptococcus
• Echocardiogram
• Kayan lantarki

Gwaje-gwaje irin su ECG da echocardiography ana yin su ne don neman alamun cutar sankarar bargo, cutar sankarau, da kumburin jijiyoyin jini. Arthritis da asirin sankarau na iya faruwa.

Yaran da ke fama da cutar Kawasaki suna buƙatar maganin asibiti. Dole ne a fara jiyya kai tsaye don hana lalacewar jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki da zuciya.

Intravenous gamma globulin shine daidaitaccen magani. An bayar da shi a cikin manyan allurai azaman jiko guda ɗaya. Yanayin yaron sau da yawa yakan fi kyau cikin awanni 24 na jiyya tare da IV gamma globulin.

Ana bada aspirin mai yawan gaske tare da IV gamma globulin.

Ko da tare da ingantaccen magani, har zuwa 1 cikin yara 4 na iya ci gaba da matsaloli a jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jikinsu. A cikin yara marasa lafiya ko waɗanda suke da alamun cututtukan zuciya, ana bada shawarar ƙara corticosteroids. Ba a ba da shawarar masu hana ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta (TNF) irin su infliximab (Remicade) ko etanercept (Enbrel) don maganin farko. Koyaya, har yanzu akwai buƙatar ingantattun gwaje-gwaje don faɗi waɗanne yara ne zasu amfana da waɗannan magunguna.

Yawancin yara na iya murmurewa sosai lokacin da aka kamu da cutar da wuri. Kimanin yara 1 cikin 100 na mutuwa daga matsalolin zuciya da cutar ta haifar. Mutanen da suka kamu da cutar Kawasaki yakamata su sami maganin sake duba hoto kowane shekara 1 zuwa 2 don bincika matsalolin zuciya.

Cutar Kawasaki na iya haifar da kumburin jijiyoyin jini a jijiyoyin jini, musamman jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini. Wannan na iya haifar da sabuwa. Ba da daɗewa ba, zai iya haifar da bugun zuciya a lokacin ƙuruciya ko kuma daga baya a rayuwa.

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan alamun cutar Kawasaki suka ci gaba. Fashewa, jan lebe da kumburi da ja suna ci gaba a wuraren da abin ya shafa kamar tafin hannu da tafin ƙafa. Idan waɗannan matsalolin sun faru tare da ciwon zazzabi mai gudana wanda ba ya saukowa tare da acetaminophen ko ibuprofen, ya kamata mai ba da shawara ya duba ɗanka.

Babu wasu sanannun hanyoyi don hana wannan cuta.

Mucocutaneous lymph node ciwo; Ciwon polyarteritis

• Kawasaki cuta - edema na hannu
• Cutar Kawasaki - peeling na yatsun hannu

Abrams JY, Belay ED, Uehara R, Maddox RA, Schonberger LB, Nakamura Y. Cutar cututtukan zuciya, magani na farko, da cutar rashin lafiya ta farko a cikin cutar Kawasaki. J Pediatr. 2017; 188: 64-69. PMID: 28619520 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28619520.

Kwalejin Ilimin Yammacin Amurka. Kawasaki cuta. A cikin: Kimberlin DW, Brady MT, Jackson MA, Long SS, eds. Littafin Ja: Rahoton 2018 na Kwamitin kan Cututtukan Cutar. 31th ed. Itasca, IL: Kwalejin Ilimin Yammacin Amurka; 2018: 490.

McCrindle BW, Rowley AH, Newburger JW, et al. Bincike, magani, da kuma kula da cutar Kawasaki na dogon lokaci: bayanan kimiyya ga ƙwararrun masu kiwon lafiya daga Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka. Kewaya. 2017; 135 (17): e927-e999. PMID: 28356445 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28356445.

Raees M. Ciwon Zuciya. A cikin: Asibitin Johns Hopkins, Hughes HK, Kahl LK, eds. Harriet Lane Handbook. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 7.

Xue LJ, Wu R, Du GL, da sauransu. Amfani da amincin masu hana TNF a cikin Cutar Kawasaki mai jure immunoglobulin: meta-bincike. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2017; 52 (3): 389-400. PMID: 27550227 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27550227.