Arrhythmias

Cutar rashin ƙarfi cuta ce ta bugun zuciya (bugun jini) ko kuma bugun zuciya. Zuciya na iya bugawa da sauri (tachycardia), da jinkiri (bradycardia), ko kuma ba bisa ka'ida ba.

Arrhythmia na iya zama marar lahani, alamar wasu matsalolin zuciya, ko haɗari kai tsaye ga lafiyar ku.

A yadda aka saba, zuciyarka tana aiki ne a matsayin fanfo wanda ke kawo jini zuwa huhu da sauran sassan jiki.

Don taimakawa wannan ya faru, zuciyar ku tana da tsarin lantarki wanda ke tabbatar ya kwangila (matsewa) cikin tsari.

• Hanyar lantarki da ke nuna zuciyarka ta yi kwangila ta fara ne a wani yanki na zuciya da ake kira sinoatrial node (wanda kuma ake kira sinus node ko SA node). Wannan shine zuciyar zuciyar zuciyar ku.
• Alamar tana barin kumburin SA kuma yana tafiya cikin zuciya tare da saita hanyar lantarki.
• Sakonnin jijiyoyi daban-daban suna nuna zuciyarka don buga hankali ko sauri.

Arrhythmias yana haifar da matsaloli tare da tsarin sarrafa wutar lantarki na zuciya.

• Alama (ƙarin) sigina na iya faruwa.
• Ana iya toshe sigina ko raguwa.
• Siginan lantarki suna tafiya cikin sabbin hanyoyi daban-daban ta cikin zuciya.

Wasu dalilai na yau da kullun na bugun zuciya kamar haka:

• Matakan da ba na al'ada ba na potassium ko wasu abubuwa a jiki
• Ciwon zuciya, ko lalatacciyar ƙwayar tsoka daga bugun zuciya ta baya
• Ciwon zuciya wanda yake kasancewa yayin haihuwa (haifuwa)
• Ciwon zuciya ko faɗaɗa zuciya
• Ciwan glandar thyroid

Arrhythmias na iya haifar da wasu abubuwa ko ƙwayoyi, gami da:

• Barasa ko kwayoyi masu kara kuzari
• Wasu magunguna
• Shan taba sigari (nicotine)

Wasu daga cikin rikice-rikicen zuciya na yau da kullun sune:

• Atrial fibrillation ko motsi
• Atrioventricular nodal sake shigar tachycardia (AVNRT)
• Toshewar zuciya ko toshe bakin aiki
• Multifocal atrial tachycardia
• Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
• Ciwon sinus na rashin lafiya
• Runƙasar ƙwanƙwasawa ko tachycardia na ventricular
• Wolff-Parkinson-White ciwo

Lokacin da kake da arrhythmia, bugun zuciyarka na iya zama:

• Yayi jinkiri (bradycardia)
• Yayi sauri (tachycardia)
• Ba daidai ba, ba daidai ba, mai yiwuwa tare da ƙarin ko tsallake tsalle

Ciwon ciki na iya kasancewa a kowane lokaci ko yana iya zuwa ya tafi. Kuna iya ko ba za ku ji alamun ba lokacin da arrhythmia ya kasance. Ko kuma, zaku iya lura da alamun bayyanar ne kawai lokacin da kuka fi ƙarfin aiki.

Kwayar cutar na iya zama mai sauƙin gaske, ko kuma yana iya zama mai tsanani ko ma barazanar rai.

Alamun yau da kullun waɗanda zasu iya faruwa lokacin da tsinkayen ke gudana zai iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwon kirji
• Sumewa
• Haskewar kai, jiri
• Launi
• Palpitations (jin zuciyar ka ta buga da sauri ko ba bisa ka'ida ba)
• Rashin numfashi
• Gumi

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai saurari zuciyar ku tare da stethoscope kuma zai ji bugun ku. Hawan jininka na iya zama mara ƙasa ko na al'ada ko ma maɗaukaki sakamakon rashin jin daɗi.

ECG zai zama farkon gwajin da aka yi.

Sau da yawa ana amfani da na'urori masu sa ido na zuciya don gano matsalar rudu, kamar:

• Holter Monitor (inda kuka sanya na'urar da ke yin rikodin da adana ajiyar zuciyarku na awanni 24 ko sama da haka)
• Mai lura da abin da ya faru ko rakoda mai rikodin (sawa don makonni 2 ko ya fi tsayi, inda za ku yi rikodin motsin zuciyar ku lokacin da kuka ji wani mummunan abu)
• Sauran zaɓuɓɓukan sa ido na dogon lokaci

Wani lokaci ana bayar da umarnin sake daukar hoto don bincika girman ko tsarin zuciyarka.

A cikin zaɓaɓɓun yanayi, ana iya yin angiography na jijiyoyin jini don ganin yadda jini ke gudana ta jijiyoyin zuciyarka.

Gwaji na musamman, wanda ake kira nazarin ilimin kimiyyar lissafi (EPS), wani lokacin ana yin sa ne domin a duba tsarin lantarki na zuciya sosai.

Lokacin da arrhythmia ya kasance mai tsanani, ƙila buƙatar buƙatar gaggawa don dawo da yanayin al'ada. Wannan na iya haɗawa da:

• Maganin lantarki (defibrillation ko cardioversion)
• Dasa karamin bugun zuciya
• Magungunan da ake bayarwa ta jijiya ko ta baki

Wani lokaci, mafi kyawon magani don angina ko gazawar zuciya zai rage damar samun arrhythmia.

Za a iya amfani da magungunan da ake kira magungunan anti-arrhythmic:

• Don hana faruwar cutar sake faruwa
• Don kiyaye bugun zuciyar ka daga zama da sauri ko jinkiri

Wasu daga cikin waɗannan magungunan na iya samun illa. Themauke su kamar yadda mai ba da sabis ya tsara. KADA KA daina shan maganin ko canza sashin ba tare da fara magana da mai baka ba.

Sauran jiyya don hana ko magance cututtukan zuciya mara kyau sun haɗa da:

• Cirewar zuciya, ana amfani da shi don yin amfani da wuraren da ke cikin zuciyarku wanda zai iya haifar da matsalolin matsalolin zuciyarku
• Abun dasawa mai jujjuyawar zuciya, wanda aka sanya shi cikin mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin haɗarin mutuwar zuciya ta kwatsam
• Pacemaker na dindindin, na'urar da ke hango lokacin da zuciyarka ke bugawa a hankali. Yana aika sigina zuwa zuciyarka wanda ke sa zuciyarka ta bugu a daidai mizanin.

Sakamakon ya dogara da dalilai da yawa:

• Irin arrhythmia da kuke da shi.
• Ko kuna da cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya, zuciya, ko cututtukan zuciya.

Kira mai ba da sabis idan:

• Kuna ci gaba da kowane alamun alamun yiwuwar ɓacin rai.
• An gano ku tare da arrhythmia kuma alamun ku sun kara muni ko KADA inganta tare da magani.

Stepsaukar matakai don hana cututtukan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki na iya rage damar samun ci gaban arrhythmia.

Heartarfin zuciya mara kyau; Bradycardia; Tachycardia; Fibrillation

• Atrial fibrillation - fitarwa
• Mai bugun zuciya - fitarwa
• Shan warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven) - abin da zaka tambayi likitanka

• Zuciya - sashi ta tsakiya
• Zuciya - gaban gani
• Bugun zuciya na al'ada
• Bradycardia
• Achananan tachycardia
• Tsarin Atrioventricular - Binciken ECG
• Gudanar da tsarin zuciya

Al-Khatib SM, Stevenson WG, Ackerman MJ, et al. Dokar 2017 AHA / ACC / HRS don kula da marasa lafiya tare da cututtukan zuciya da kuma rigakafin mutuwar zuciya ta kwatsam: Takaitaccen bayani: Rahoton Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwalejin Zuciya ta Amurka / Heartungiyar Heartungiyar Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka game da Sharuɗɗan Ayyukan Clinical da Rungiyar Rhythm Society. Bugun Zuciya. 2018; 15 (10): e190-e252. PMID: 29097320 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29097320/.

Olgin JE. Gabatarwa ga mai haƙuri tare da wanda ake zargi da arrhythmia. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 56.

Tomaselli GF, Rubart M, Zipes DP. Hanyoyin cututtukan zuciya. A cikin: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald na Ciwon Zuciya: Littafin rubutu na Magungunan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 34.

Tracy CM, Epstein AE, Darbar D, et al. 2012 ACCF / AHA / HRS sun ƙaddamar da sabuntawa game da jagororin 2008 don maganin tushen kayan aiki na cututtukan zuciya: rahoto na Kwalejin Kwalejin Cardiology ta Amurka / Heartungiyar Heartungiyar Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka a kan Ka'idodin Aiki. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012; 60 (14): 1297-1313. PMID: 22975230 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22975230/.