Ciwon rashin jijiyoyin inrogen

Ciwon rashin lafiyar inrogen (PAIS) cuta ce da ke faruwa a cikin yara lokacin da jikinsu ba zai iya amsa madaidaiciyar hanyar haɓakar baƙon maza (androgens). Testosterone shine hormone jima'i na maza.

Wannan rikitaccen nau'in ciwo ne na rashin ingancin androgen.

A farkon watanni 2 zuwa 3 na ciki, duk jariran suna da al'aura iri daya. Yayinda jariri ke girma a cikin mahaifar, al'aurar maza ko ta mace suna tasowa ya danganta da yanayin chromosomes na jima'i daga iyayen. Hakanan ya dogara da matakan androgens. A cikin jaririn da ke da chromosomes na XY, ana yin manyan matakan androgens a cikin gwajin. Wannan jaririn zai bunkasa al'aurar namiji. A cikin jaririn da chromosomes na XX, babu gwaji kuma matakan androgens sunyi ƙasa ƙwarai. Wannan jaririn zai bunkasa al'aura mace. A cikin PAIS, akwai canji a cikin kwayar halitta wacce ke taimakawa jiki ganewa da amfani da homon maza yadda yakamata. Wannan yana haifar da matsaloli game da ci gaban gabobin halittar maza. A lokacin haihuwa, jariri na iya samun al’aura mara kyau, wanda ke haifar da rikicewa game da jima’in jaririn.

Ciwon yana yaduwa ne ta hanyar dangi (wanda aka gada). Ba a cutar mutanen da ke da chromosome biyu na X idan kwafi ɗaya na X chromosome ne ke ɗaukar maye gurbi. Maza maza da suka gaji kwayar halitta daga iyayensu mata za su sami yanayin. Akwai damar 50% cewa ɗa namiji na uwa tare da kwayar cutar zai iya shafar. Kowane ɗayan mace yana da damar 50% na ɗauke da kwayar halitta. Tarihin iyali yana da mahimmanci wajen tantance abubuwan haɗarin PAIS.

Mutanen da ke tare da PAIS na iya samun halaye na zahiri na mace da na miji. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da:

• Al'aurar maza mara kyau, kamar fitsarin kwance a ƙasan azzakari, ƙaramin azzakari, ƙaramin al'aura (tare da layi zuwa tsakiyarta ko rufewa ƙuru-ƙuru), ko ƙwararrun maniyyi.
• Ci gaban nono a cikin maza lokacin balaga. Rage gashin gashi da gemu, amma al'ada na al'ada da gashi.
• Rashin jima'i da rashin haihuwa.

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki.

Gwaje-gwaje na iya haɗawa da:

• Gwajin jini don bincika matakan homon namiji da mace
• Gwajin kwayar halitta kamar karyotyping don bincika chromosomes
• Yawan maniyyi
• Gwajin gwaji
• Pelvic duban dan tayi domin duba idan gabobin haihuwa mata suna nan

Yara jarirai masu PAIS za a iya sanya musu jinsi dangane da yanayin shubuha na al'aura. Koyaya, sanya jinsi lamari ne mai rikitarwa kuma dole ne a yi la'akari da shi sosai. Yiwuwar jiyya ga PAIS sun haɗa da:

• Ga waɗanda aka sanya wa maza, ana iya yin tiyata don rage ƙirjin, gyara ƙwanƙwan kwanji, ko sake fasalin azzakari. Hakanan ƙila su karɓi androgens don taimakawa gashin fuska yana girma da zurfafa murya.
• Ga waɗanda aka sanya wa mata, ana iya yin tiyata don cire ƙwarjiyoyin da sake fasalin al'aura. Ana bayar da isrogen din mace yayin balaga.

Groupsungiyoyi masu zuwa na iya ba da ƙarin bayani akan PAIS:

• Ersungiyar Intersex ta Arewacin Amurka - www.isna.org/faq/condition/pais
• NIH Cibiyar Bayanai na Halitta da Raunin Cutar - rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/5692/partial-androgen-insensitivity-syndrome

Androgens sun fi mahimmanci yayin farkon ci gaba a cikin mahaifar. Mutanen da ke tare da PAIS na iya yin rayuwa na yau da kullun kuma su kasance cikin ƙoshin lafiya, amma suna iya samun wahalar ɗaukar ɗa. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, yara maza masu al'aurar mace ta waje ko ƙananan azzakari na iya samun matsaloli na tunani ko na tunani.

Yaran da ke tare da PAIS da iyayensu na iya cin gajiyar shawara da karɓar kulawa daga ƙungiyar masu kula da lafiya waɗanda suka haɗa da kwararru daban-daban.

Kirawo mai samarda ku idan danku, ko kuma danginku na maza ba su da haihuwa ko kuma rashin cikar al'aurar maza. Gwajin kwayar halitta da ba da shawara ana bada shawarar idan ana zargin PAIS.

Akwai gwajin haihuwa. Mutanen da ke da tarihin PAIS ya kamata suyi la’akari da shawarwarin kwayoyin halitta.

PAIS; Ciwon rashin hankalin androgen - na bangare; Mata masu gwajin gwaji wadanda basu cika ba; Nau'in I dangin iyali ba cikakke ba; Ciwon Lubs; Ciwon Reifenstein; Ciwan Rosewater

• Tsarin haihuwa na namiji

Achermann JC, Hughes IA. Rashin lafiyar yara game da ci gaban jima'i. A cikin: Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM, eds. Littafin Williams na Endocrinology. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 23.

Shnorhavorian M, Fechner PY. Rikicin bambancin jima'i. A cikin: Gleason CA, Juul SE, eds. Cututtukan Avery na Jariri. 10 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 97.