Canjin manyan jijiyoyin jini

Canza manyan jijiyoyi (TGA) nakasar zuciya ce da ke faruwa tun daga haihuwa (na haihuwa). Manyan jijiyoyin da ke dauke jini daga zuciya - aorta da jijiya - sun sauya (an canza su).

Ba a san dalilin TGA ba. Ba a haɗa shi da wata cuta ta al'ada guda ɗaya ba. Ba safai yake faruwa a cikin wasu yan uwa ba.

TGA nakasawar zuciya ce. Wannan yana nufin akwai ragin oxygen a cikin jini wanda yake tsotso daga zuciya zuwa sauran jiki.

A cikin zukata na yau da kullun, jinin da yake dawowa daga jiki yana wucewa ta hannun dama na zuciya da jijiyoyin huhu zuwa huhu don samun iskar oxygen. Jinin sannan ya dawo gefen hagu na zuciya kuma ya fita zuwa cikin jikin.

A cikin TGA, jinin jini yana dawowa zuwa zuciya ta hanyar atrium na dama. Amma, maimakon zuwa huhu don ɗaukar iskar oxygen, ana fitar da wannan jini ta cikin almara kuma a koma cikin jiki. Wannan jinin ba'a sake sake shi ba tare da oxygen kuma yana haifar da cyanosis.

Kwayar cutar tana bayyana yayin haihuwa ko kuma jim kadan daga baya. Yaya mummunan alamun cutar ya dogara da nau'in da girman ƙarin cututtukan zuciya (kamar cututtukan atrial septal, ventricular septal flapt, ko patent ductus arteriosus) da kuma yadda jini zai iya cakuɗa tsakanin hanyoyin biyu marasa kyau.

Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da:

• Blueness na fata
• Sasan kumburi da yatsun hannu ko na ƙafa
• Rashin ciyarwa
• Rashin numfashi

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya na iya gano gunaguni na zuciya yayin sauraron kirji tare da stethoscope. Bakin jaririn da fatar zai zama launin shuɗi.

Gwaje-gwaje sau da yawa sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Cardiac catheterization
• Kirjin x-ray
• ECG
• Echocardiogram (idan anyi shi kafin haihuwa, ana kiran shi echocardiogram)
• Pulse oximetry (don bincika matakin oxygen a jini)

Matakin farko a jiyya shine a bada izinin jini mai wadataccen oxygen ya haɗu da ƙarancin isashshen oxygen. Nan da nan jaririn zai karɓi maganin da ake kira prostaglandin ta hanyar IV (layin intravenous line). Wannan maganin yana taimakawa barin jijiyoyin jini da ake kira ductus arteriosus a bude, yana barin wasu cakuda hanyoyin jini biyu. A wasu lokuta, ana iya ƙirƙirar buɗewa tsakanin atrium na dama da hagu tare da tsari ta amfani da catheter na balan-balan. Wannan yana ba da damar jini ya gauraya. Wannan hanya ana kiranta da suna septostomy.

Jinya na dindindin ya haɗa da tiyatar zuciya yayin da manyan jijiyoyi suke yankewa kuma a kaɗa su zuwa daidai matsayinsu. Wannan ana kiran sa aiki mai canza jijiya (ASO). Kafin ci gaban wannan tiyatar, an yi amfani da tiyatar da ake kira atrial switch (ko Tsarin Mustard ko aikin Senning).

Alamar yaron za ta inganta bayan tiyata don gyara lahani. Yawancin jariran da ke yin canjin canji ba su da alamun bayyanar bayan tiyata kuma suna rayuwa irin ta yau da kullun. Idan ba ayi tiyatar gyara ba, tsawon rai watanni ne kawai.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Matsalar jijiyoyin zuciya
• Matsaloli na bugun zuciya
• Harshen zuciya mara kyau (arrhythmias)

Ana iya bincikar wannan yanayin kafin haihuwa ta amfani da echocardiogram na tayi. Idan ba haka ba, galibi akan gano shi jim kaɗan bayan haihuwar jariri.

Je zuwa dakin gaggawa ko kira lambar gaggawa ta gida (kamar su 911) idan fatar jaririnku ta sami launi mai laushi, musamman a fuska ko akwati.

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan jaririnku yana da wannan yanayin kuma sabon alamun ya ci gaba, ya ƙara muni, ko ci gaba bayan jiyya.

Mata masu shirin yin ciki ya kamata a basu rigakafin rigakafin rigakafin rubella idan basu riga sun kare ba. Cin abinci mai kyau, gujewa shaye-shaye, da kuma sarrafa ciwon suga gab da lokacin daukar ciki na iya zama taimako.

d-TGA; Ciwon zuciya na haihuwa - canzawa; Cyanotic cututtukan zuciya - transposition; Launin haihuwa - canzawa; Canza manyan jiragen ruwa; TGV

• Yin aikin tiyatar zuciya na yara - fitarwa

• Zuciya - sashi ta tsakiya
• Zuciya - gaban gani
• Canza manyan jiragen ruwa

Bernstein D. Cyanotic na haifar da cututtukan zuciya: kimantawa game da mummunan rashin lafiya tare da cyanosis da damuwa na numfashi. A cikin: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 456.

Fraser CD, Kane LC. Cutar cututtukan zuciya. A cikin: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Littafin Sabiston na Tiyata: Tushen Halittu na Ayyukan Tiyata na Zamani. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 58.

Webb GD, Smallhorn JF, Therrien J, Redington AN. Cutar cututtukan ciki a cikin baligi da haƙuri na yara. A cikin: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald na Ciwon Zuciya: Littafin rubutu na Magungunan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 75.