Craniosynostosis

Craniosynostosis cutarwa ce ta haihuwa wanda ɗayan ko fiye da ɗamara a kan kan jariri yana rufewa fiye da yadda aka saba.

Kokon kan jariri ko na karamin yaro an yi shi da faranti masu ƙyalli wanda har yanzu yana girma. Ana kiran iyakokin da waɗannan faranti suke haɗuwa da sutura ko layin sutura. Suturar dinki tana ba da damar haɓakar kwanyar. Suna rufewa ("fis") a lokacin da yaron ya kai shekara 2 ko 3.

Rufe suturar jikin mutum da wuri yana sa jariri ya kasance yana da siffa da ba daidai ba. Wannan na iya iyakance ci gaban kwakwalwa.

Ba a san dalilin craniosynostosis ba. Kwayar halitta na iya taka rawa, amma yawanci babu tarihin iyali na yanayin. Mafi sau da yawa, ana iya haifar da shi ta matsin lamba na waje akan kan jariri kafin haihuwa. Rashin ci gaban tushe na kwanyar da membran da ke kewaye da ƙasusuwan kasusuwan ana yin imanin zai shafi motsi da matsayin ƙasusuwan yayin da suke girma.

A lokuta idan aka ba da wannan ta hanyar dangi, zai iya faruwa da wasu matsalolin lafiya, kamar su kamuwa da cuta, rage hankali, da makanta. Cutar cututtukan da ake danganta su da cutar craniosynostosis sun hada da Crouzon, Apert, Masassaƙa, Saethre-Chotzen, da Pfeiffer syndromes.

Koyaya, yawancin yara masu cutar craniosynostosis suna da lafiya in ba haka ba kuma suna da ƙwarewar al'ada.

Kwayar cutar ta dogara da nau'in craniosynostosis. Suna iya haɗawa da:

• Babu "tabo mai taushi" (fontanelle) a kan kwanyar jariri
• Raisedaƙƙarfan tudu mai ƙarfi tare da suturar da abin ya shafa
• Siffar kai mara kyau
• Sannu a hankali ko rashin ƙaruwa a girman kan lokaci yayin da jariri ke girma

Ire-iren craniosynostosis sune:

• Sagittal synostosis (scaphocephaly) shine mafi yawan nau'in. Yana shafar babban dinki a saman kai. Rufewa da wuri yana tilasta kai ya yi tsayi da kunkuntar, maimakon faɗi. Yaran da ke da irin wannan suna da goshi mai faɗi. Ya fi faruwa ga yara maza fiye da 'yan mata.
• Gabatarwar plagiocephaly ita ce ta gaba mafi yawan mutane. Yana shafar dinki wanda ke gudana daga kunne zuwa kunne a saman kai. Yawanci yakan faru ne a gefe ɗaya kawai, wanda ke haifar da goshin da ya daskaɓe, gira ta sama, da kuma shahararren kunne a wannan gefen. Hancin jaririn na iya bayyana kamar za a ja shi zuwa wancan gefen. Wannan ya fi faruwa ga 'yan mata fiye da na yara maza.
• Cutar rashin lafiyar Metopic cuta ce mai wuya wacce ke shafar ɗinki kusa da goshi. Za a iya bayyana siffar kan yaron a matsayin abin da yake faruwa, saboda saman kai yana bayyana ne a matsayin mai kusurwa uku-uku, tare da kunkuntar goshi ko ta nuna. Zai iya zama daga m zuwa mai tsanani.

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai ji kan shugaban jariri kuma ya yi gwajin jiki.

Za a iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Aunawawar da'irar kanun jariri
• X-ray na kwanyar
• CT scan na kai

Ziyartar yara da kyau muhimmin bangare ne na kula da lafiyar yaro. Suna ba mai bayarwa damar duba ci gaban kan jaririn a kai a kai. Wannan zai taimaka gano duk wata matsala da wuri.

Yawancin lokaci ana buƙatar tiyata. Anyi shi yayin da jaririn yake jariri. Manufofin tiyata sune:

• Sauke duk wani matsin lamba akan kwakwalwa.
• Tabbatar akwai wadataccen daki a kwanyar don bawa kwakwalwa damar yin girma yadda yakamata.
• Inganta bayyanar kan yaron.

Yaya kyau yaro ya dogara da:

• Yaya yawan suttura suke ciki
• Lafiyar yaron gabadaya

Yaran da ke da wannan yanayin waɗanda suke yin tiyata suna da kyau a mafi yawan lokuta, musamman ma idan yanayin ba ya haɗuwa da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta.

Craniosynostosis yana haifar da nakasar kai wanda zai iya zama mai tsanani da dindindin idan ba a gyara shi ba. Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Pressureara matsa lamba intracranial
• Kamawa
• Ci gaban bata lokaci

Kira mai ba da sabis na yaro idan yaro ya:

• Siffar kai mara kyau
• Matsaloli tare da girma
• Baƙuwar tudu da aka ɗora a kan kwanyar

Matarshen sutura da wuri Synostosis; Plagiocephaly; Scaphocephaly; Fontanelle - craniosynostosis; Taushi mai laushi - craniosynostosis

• Craniosynostosis gyara - fitarwa

• Kwanyar sabuwar haihuwa

Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin yanar gizo. Gaskiya game da craniosynostosis. www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/craniosynostosis.html. An sabunta Nuwamba 1, 2018. An shiga 24 ga Oktoba, 2019.

Graham JM, Sanchez-Lara PA. Craniosynostosis: gaba ɗaya. A cikin: Graham JM, Sanchez-Lara PA, eds. Abubuwan Sanannun Ka'idodin Smith na Canjin Mutum. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 29.

Kinsman SL, Johnston MV. Abubuwa masu haɗari na tsarin kulawa na tsakiya. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi 609.

Mandela R, Bellew M, Chumas P, Nash H. Imfani na lokacin tiyata don craniosynostosis akan sakamakon ci gaban haɓaka: nazari na yau da kullun. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2019; 23 (4): 442-454. PMID: 30684935 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30684935/.