Magungunan kan-kan-kanta

Kuna iya siyan magunguna da yawa don ƙananan matsaloli a shagon ba tare da takardar sayan magani ba (kan-kan-kan kuɗi).

Mahimman shawarwari don amfani da magungunan kan-kanti:

• Koyaushe bi bayanan da aka faɗi da gargaɗi. Yi magana da mai baka kiwon lafiya kafin fara sabon magani.
• San abin da kuke ɗauka. Duba jerin abubuwan sinadaran kuma zaɓi kayan da ke da ƙananan abubuwan da aka lissafa.
• Duk magunguna ba sa yin tasiri a kan lokaci kuma ya kamata a sauya su. Bincika ranar ƙarewa kafin amfani da kowane samfurin.
• Ajiye magunguna a wuri mai sanyi, bushe. Sanya dukkan magunguna daga inda yara zasu isa.

Mata masu juna biyu ko masu shayarwa ya kamata suyi magana da mai ba su kafin shan kowane sabon magani.

Magunguna suna shafar yara da tsofaffi daban. Mutanen da ke cikin waɗannan rukunin shekarun ya kamata su ba da kulawa ta musamman yayin shan magunguna marasa magani.

Binciki mai ba da sabis kafin shan kan-da-kan magunguna idan:

• Alamun ku suna da kyau sosai.
• Ba ka da tabbacin abin da ke damunka.
• Kuna da matsalar likita na dogon lokaci ko kuna shan magungunan likita.

ACHES, ZANGO, DA CIWON KAI

Magungunan ciwo na kan-kan-counter na iya taimakawa tare da ciwon kai, cututtukan gabbai, ɓarna, da sauran ƙananan haɗin gwiwa da matsalolin tsoka.

• Acetaminophen - Gwada wannan magani da farko don ciwo. KADA KA ɗauki sama da gram 3 (3,000 mg) a kowace rana. Babban adadi na iya cutar da hanta. Ka tuna cewa gram 3 sun yi daidai da kwayoyi 6 masu ƙarfi ko kuma na yau da kullun 9.
• Magungunan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta (NSAIDs) - Kuna iya siyan wasu NSAIDs, kamar su ibuprofen da naproxen, ba tare da takardar sayan magani ba.

Duk waɗannan magungunan na iya samun mummunan sakamako idan kuka sha su a cikin allurai masu yawa ko na dogon lokaci. Faɗa wa mai ba ku sabis idan kuna shan waɗannan magunguna sau da yawa a mako. Kila iya buƙatar a bincika ku don sakamako masu illa.

ZAZZAƁI

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) da ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) na taimakawa rage zazzabi ga yara da manya.

• Acauki acetaminophen kowane 4 zuwa 6 hours.
• Ibauki ibuprofen kowane 6 zuwa 8 hours. KADA KA yi amfani da ibuprofen a cikin yara ƙanana da watanni 6.
• San yawan nauyin ku ko yaron ku kafin ku bada waɗannan magunguna.

Asfirin yana aiki sosai don magance zazzabi ga manya. KADA KA ba da aspirin ga yaro sai dai idan mai ba da yaron ya gaya maka cewa ba laifi.

SANYI, MAKONSA MAI SAURARA, MAKON SARA

Magungunan sanyi na iya magance alamun cuta don sa ku ji daɗi, amma ba sa rage sanyi. Shan abubuwan zinc tsakanin awanni 24 da farawar sanyi na iya rage alamun da tsawon lokacin sanyi.

NOTE: Yi magana da mai ba ka sabis kafin ka ba ɗanka kowane irin magani mai sanyi a kan kanti, ko da kuwa an sanya wa yara suna.

Magungunan tari:

• Guaifenesin - Yana taimaka fasa ƙashin gamsai. Sha ruwa mai yawa idan kun sha wannan magani.
• Menthol makogwaro lozenges - Soothes "cakulkuli" a cikin makogwaro (Halls, Robitussin, and Vicks).
• Magungunan tari mai ruwa tare da dextromethorphan - Yana danne muradin yin tari (Benylin, Delsym, Robitussin DM, Simply Cough, Vicks 44, da kantunan sayar da kayayyaki).

Rushewa:

• Masu narkar da dima jiki suna taimakawa share hanci da kuma magance diga.
• Magungunan fesa hanci suna aiki da sauri, amma zasu iya samun sakamako idan aka yi amfani da su fiye da kwanaki 3 zuwa 5. Alamar cutar ka na iya zama mafi muni idan ka ci gaba da amfani da waɗannan magungunan feshi.
• Binciki mai ba da sabis kafin shan gurɓatattun abubuwa idan kuna da cutar hawan jini ko matsalar prostate.
• Maganganun baka - Pseudoephedrine (Contac Non-Drowsy, Sudafed, da kantunan shago); phenylephrine (Sudafed PE da kantin sayar da kayayyaki).
• Ongarƙwarar ƙarancin hanci - Oxymetazoline (Afrin, Neo-Synephrine Nighttime, Sinex Spray); phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine, Sinex Capsules).

Ciwon makogwaro:

• Sprays don jin zafi - Dyclonine (Cepacol); phenol (Chloraseptic).
• Masu kashe zafi - Acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve).
• Candies masu wuya waɗanda ke rufe makogwaro - Shan nono ko makogwaron makogwaro na iya zama mai sanyaya rai. Yi hankali a cikin ƙananan yara saboda haɗarin haɗari.

KARANTA

Magungunan antihistamine da ruwa suna aiki da kyau don magance alamun rashin lafiyan.

• Antihistamines wanda zai iya haifar da bacci - Diphenhydramine (Benadryl); chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton); brompheniramine (Dimetapp), ko clemastine (Tavist)
• Antihistamines wanda ke haifar da ɗan kaɗan ko babu bacci - Loratadine (Alavert, Claritin, Dimetapp ND); fexofenadine (Allegra); labarin (Zyrtec)

Yi magana da mai ba ka sabis kafin ka ba da magunguna da ke haifar da bacci ga yaro, saboda suna iya shafar koyo. Hakanan zasu iya shafar faɗakarwa a cikin manya.

Hakanan zaka iya gwada:

• Ciwon ido - Sanya ido ko sanya danshi
• Yin rigakafin hanci - Cromolyn sodium (Nasalcrom), fluticasone (Flonase)

TUNANIN CIKI

Magunguna don gudawa:

• Magungunan cututtukan cututtuka irin su loperamide (Imodium) - Waɗannan magunguna suna rage aikin hanji da rage yawan motsin hanji. Yi magana da mai ba ka sabis kafin ɗaukar su saboda suna iya ƙara cutar gudawa da kamuwa da cuta ta haifar.
• Magunguna waɗanda ke ɗauke da bismuth - Za a iya ɗauka don rashin gudawa mai sauƙi (Kaopectate, Pepto-Bismol).
• Ruwa na narkewa - Ana iya amfani dashi don matsakaiciyar cuta mai tsanani (Analytes ko Pedialyte).

Magunguna don tashin zuciya da amai:

• Ruwa da kwayoyi don ɓacin rai - Zai iya taimakawa tare da laulayin ciki da amai (Emetrol ko Pepto-Bismol)
• Ruwa mai narkewa - Ana iya amfani dashi don maye gurbin ruwaye daga amai (Enfalyte ko Pedialyte)
• Magunguna don cutar motsi - Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine); meclizine (Bonine, Antivert, Postafen, da kuma Seaafafun Teku)

FASHIN RASHI DA TAFIYA

• Antihistamines da aka sha ta baki - Zai iya taimakawa tare da ƙaiƙayi ko kuma idan kuna da rashin lafiyan jiki
• Hydrocortisone cream - Zai iya taimakawa tare da ƙananan rashes (Cortaid, Cortizone 10)
• Antifungal creams da man shafawa - Zai iya taimakawa tare da ƙyallen ƙyallen da rashes da yisti (nystatin, miconazole, clotrimazole, da ketoconazole)

Magunguna suyi a gida

• Kwayoyi

Garza I, Schwedt TJ, Robertson CE, Smith JH. Ciwon kai da sauran ciwon mara na craniofacial. A cikin: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology a cikin Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 103.

Habif TP. Ciwon ciki. A cikin: Habif TP, ed. Clinical Dermatology: Jagoran Launi don Bincikowa da Far. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 5.

Mazer-Amirshahi M, Wilson MD. Magungunan ƙwayoyi don haƙuri na yara. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 176.

Semrad CE. Gabatarwa ga mai haƙuri tare da gudawa da malabsorption. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 131.