Gangrene

Gangrene shine mutuwar nama a cikin ɓangaren jiki.

Gangrene na faruwa ne yayin da sashin jiki ya rasa wadataccen jini. Wannan na iya faruwa daga rauni, kamuwa da cuta, ko wasu dalilai. Kuna da haɗari mafi girma ga mafitsara idan kuna da:

• Babban rauni
• Cututtukan jijiyoyin jini (kamar arteriosclerosis, wanda kuma ake kira harbin jijiyoyin, a cikin hannuwanku ko ƙafafunku)
• Ciwon suga
• Immunearfafa garkuwar jiki (misali, daga HIV / AIDS ko chemotherapy)
• Tiyata

Alamun cutar sun dogara da wuri da kuma dalilin cutar sankarau. Idan fatar tana da hannu, ko gangrene tana kusa da fata, alamun na iya haɗawa da:

• Canjin launi (shuɗi ko baƙi idan fata ta shafi, ja ko tagulla idan yankin da abin ya shafa yana ƙarƙashin fata)
• Fitar ruwan wari
• Rashin ji a yankin (wanda na iya faruwa bayan tsananin ciwo a yankin)

Idan yankin da abin ya shafa yana cikin jiki (kamar su gyambon ciki na gallbladder ko gas gangrene), alamun cutar na iya haɗawa da:

• Rikicewa
• Zazzaɓi
• Gas a cikin kyallen takarda a ƙarƙashin fata
• Jin rashin lafiyar gaba ɗaya
• Pressureananan hawan jini
• Ci gaba ko ciwo mai tsanani

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya na iya bincika ƙwayar mahaifa daga gwajin jiki. Bugu da kari, ana iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da su don tantance cututtukan daji:

• Arteriogram (x-ray na musamman don ganin duk wani toshewar jijiyoyin jini) don taimakawa shirin shirya cuta na jijiyoyin jini
• Gwajin jini (ƙwanyar farin jini [WBC] ƙila ya yi yawa)
• CT scan don bincika gabobin ciki
• Al'adar nama ko ruwa daga raunuka don gano kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta
• Yin nazarin nama a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don neman mutuwar ƙwayoyin halitta
• X-haskoki

Gangrene yana buƙatar kimantawa da gaggawa cikin gaggawa. Gabaɗaya, yakamata a cire mushen nama don ba da damar warkar da kayan da ke kewaye da shi da hana ƙarin kamuwa da cuta. Ya danganta da yankin da yake da cutar ta jiki, yanayin lafiyar mutum, da kuma dalilin cutar ta jiki, magani na iya haɗawa da:

• Yanke sassan jiki wanda yake da ƙwayar cuta
• Aikin gaggawa don nemowa da cire mushen nama
• Yin aiki don inganta samar da jini a yankin
• Maganin rigakafi
• Maimaita ayyuka don cire mataccen nama (debridement)
• Jiyya a cikin sashin kulawa mai mahimmanci (ga mutane marasa lafiya)
• Hyperbaric oxygen far don inganta yawan oxygen a cikin jini

Abin da za a yi tsammani ya dogara da wurin da ƙura ta kasance a cikin jiki, yawan gyambon da yake, da kuma yanayin yanayin mutum gaba ɗaya. Idan ba a jinkirta jiyya ba, guguwar ta yi yawa, ko kuma mutum na da wasu manyan matsaloli na rashin lafiya, mutumin na iya mutuwa.

Rikice-rikicen sun dogara ne da inda gaɓaɓɓe yake a jiki, nawa ne guntuwar ciki, sanadin guguwar, da kuma yanayin yanayin mutum gaba ɗaya. Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Rashin nakasa daga yankewa ko cirewar mataccen nama
• Dogon lokacin raunin rauni ko buƙatar sake tiyata, kamar daskarewa da fata

Kira mai ba da sabis kai tsaye idan:

• Rauni ba ya warkewa ko kuma akwai yawan ciwo a wani yanki
• Yankin fatarka ya koma shuɗi ko baki
• Akwai fitowar wari mai daɗi daga kowane rauni a jikinku
• Kuna da ci gaba, zafi mai ma'ana a wani yanki
• Kuna da zazzaɓi, zazzabi mara bayani

Ba za a iya hana Gangrene ba idan an bi da shi kafin lalacewar nama ba zai yiwu ba. Ya kamata a kula da rauni yadda ya kamata kuma a kula da kyau don alamun kamuwa da cuta (kamar yada ja, kumburi, ko magudanar ruwa) ko gaza warkewa.

Mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari ko cututtukan jijiyoyin jini ya kamata su bincika ƙafafunsu akai-akai don kowane alamun rauni, kamuwa da cuta, ko canza launin fata kuma su nemi kulawa kamar yadda ake buƙata.

• Gangrene

Brownlee M, Aiello LP, Sun JK, et al. Rarraba na ciwon sukari mellitus. A cikin: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Littafin Williams na Endocrinology. 14th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 37.

Bury J. Amsawa ga rauni na salula A cikin: Cross SS, ed. Woodwararrun woodwararrun woodwararrun woodwararrun woodwararrun Underwararru. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: sura 5.

Scully R, Shah SK. Gangren kafa. A cikin: Cameron AM, Cameron JL, eds. Far Mashi na Yanzu. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 1047-1054.