Rashin hawan jijiyoyin jini daga jijiyar huhu

Rashin jijiyar jijiyoyin hagu daga jijiyar huhu (ALCAPA) nakasa ce ta zuciya. Hannun jijiyoyin hagu (LCA), wanda ke daukar jini zuwa ga jijiyar zuciya, yana farawa ne daga jijiyar huhu maimakon aorta.

ALCAPA yana nan lokacin haihuwa (na haihuwa).

ALCAPA matsala ce da ke faruwa yayin da zuciyar jariri ke bunkasa a farkon ciki. Jirgin jini mai tasowa zuwa jijiyar zuciya baya haɗuwa daidai.

A cikin zuciya ta yau da kullun, LCA ya samo asali ne daga aorta. Yana ba da wadataccen jini ga ƙwayar zuciya a gefen hagu na zuciya da kuma mitral bawul (bawul na zuciya tsakanin manya da ƙananan ɗakunan zuciya a gefen hagu). Aorta shine babban jijiyar jini wanda ke ɗaukar jini mai wadataccen oxygen daga zuciya zuwa sauran jiki.

A cikin yara tare da ALCAPA, LCA ya samo asali ne daga jijiyoyin huhu. Maganin huhu shine babban jijiyar jini wanda ke ɗaukar jinin mara ƙaran oxygen daga zuciya zuwa huhu don ɗaukar iskar oxygen.

Lokacin da wannan lahani ya auku, ana ɗauke da jinin da yake rasa cikin iskar oxygen zuwa ga tsokar zuciya a gefen hagu na zuciya. Sabili da haka, tsokar zuciya ba ta samun isashshen oxygen. Naman ya fara mutuwa saboda rashin isashshen oxygen. Wannan na iya haifar da bugun zuciya a cikin jariri.

Yanayin da aka sani da "satar jijiyoyin jini" yana ƙara lalata zuciya ga jarirai da ALCAPA.Pressureananan jini a cikin jijiyar huhu yana haifar da jini daga LCA da ba a haɗuwa ba ya sake komawa zuwa jijiyar huhu maimakon zuwa ga tsokar zuciya. Wannan yana haifar da karancin jini da iskar oxygen zuwa ga jijiyar zuciya. Wannan matsalar kuma na iya haifar da bugun zuciya a cikin jariri. Satar jijiyoyin jiki na haɓaka cikin lokaci mai yawa a cikin jarirai tare da ALCAPA idan ba a magance halin da wuri ba.

Kwayar cutar ALCAPA a jariri sun hada da:

• Yin kuka ko gumi yayin ciyarwa
• Rashin fushi
• Fata mai haske
• Rashin ciyarwa
• Saurin numfashi
• Kwayar cututtukan ciwo ko damuwa a cikin jariri (sau da yawa kuskure ne ga maƙarƙashiya)

Kwayar cuta na iya bayyana a tsakanin watanni 2 na farkon rayuwar jariri.

Yawanci, ana bincikar ALCAPA yayin yarinta. A wasu lokuta ba a gano wannan lahani har sai wani yaro ya girma ko ya girma.

Yayin gwajin, mai yiwuwa mai kula da lafiya zai sami alamun ALCAPA, gami da:

• Bugun zuciya mara kyau
• Fadada zuciya
• Gunaguni na zuciya (ba safai ba)
• Gudun bugun jini

Gwajin da za'a iya yin oda sun hada da:

• Echocardiogram, wanda duban dan tayi ne wanda yake kallon sifofin zuciya da jini ke gudana a cikin zuciya
• Electrocardiogram (ECG), wanda ke auna aikin lantarki na zuciya
• Kirjin x-ray
• MRI, wanda ke ba da cikakken hoto na zuciya
• Cardiac catheterization, wani tsari ne wanda ake saka siraran bakin ciki (catheter) a cikin zuciya don ganin gudan jini da ɗaukar matakan mizanin karfin jini da matakan oxygen.

Ana bukatar tiyata don gyara ALCAPA. Tiya ɗaya kawai ake buƙata a mafi yawan lokuta. Koyaya, tiyatar zata dogara ne da yanayin jariri da kuma girman jijiyoyin da suke ciki.

Idan tsokar zuciyar dake tallafawa mitral bawul ta lalace sosai daga ragin oxygen, jariri na iya buƙatar aikin tiyata don gyara ko maye gurbin bawul din. Bugun mitral yana sarrafa gudan jini tsakanin ɗakuna a gefen hagu na zuciya.

Ana iya yin dashen zuciya idan zuciyar zuciyar ta lalace sosai saboda rashin oxygen.

Magungunan da aka yi amfani da su sun haɗa da:

• Magungunan ruwa (diuretics)
• Magunguna waɗanda ke sa ƙwayar tsoka ta zuciya ta zama da wuya (wakilan inotropic)
• Magungunan da ke rage nauyin aiki a zuciya (beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors)

Ba tare da magani ba, yawancin jarirai ba sa rayuwa a shekararsu ta farko. Yaran da suka rayu ba tare da magani ba na iya samun babbar matsala ta zuciya. Yaran da ke wannan matsalar waɗanda ba a ba su magani ba na iya mutuwa ba zato ba tsammani a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.

Tare da magani na farko kamar tiyata, yawancin jarirai suna da kyau kuma suna iya tsammanin rayuwa ta yau da kullun. Za'a buƙaci bin tsari tare da ƙwararrun zuciya (likitan zuciya).

Matsalolin ALCAPA sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon zuciya
• Ajiyar zuciya
• Matsalar bugun zuciya
• Lalacewa ta dindindin ga zuciya

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan jaririnku:

• Yana numfashi da sauri
• Yayi kama da kodadde
• Da alama yana cikin damuwa da kuka sau da yawa

Asalin mummunan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin hagu da ke tasowa daga jijiyar huhu; ALCAPA; ALCAPA ciwo; Ciwon Bland-White-Garland; Ciwon mara na ciki - ALCAPA; Lalacewar haihuwa - ALCAPA

• Rashin hawan jijiyoyin zuciya

'Yan'uwan JA, Frommelt MA, Jaquiss RDB, Myerburg RJ, Fraser CD Jr, Tweddell JS. Ka'idodin yarjejeniya na ƙwararru: asalin asalin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017; 153 (6): 1440-1457. PMID: 28274557 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28274557/.

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Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM. Sauran zuciya na rashin haihuwa da nakasar jiki. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 459.