Gwajin lafiyar mata masu shekaru 18 zuwa 39

Ya kamata ku ziyarci likitan lafiyar ku lokaci-lokaci, koda kuwa kuna cikin koshin lafiya. Dalilin waɗannan ziyarar shine:

• Allon don batun kiwon lafiya
• Kimanta haɗarinku don matsalolin likita na gaba
• Karfafa rayuwa mai kyau
• Sabunta rigakafin
• Taimaka maka ka san mai samar maka idan rashin lafiya

Ko da kun ji daɗi, yakamata ku ga mai ba ku sabis don bincika yau da kullun. Waɗannan ziyarar na iya taimaka maka ka guji matsaloli a nan gaba. Misali, hanya daya tak da zaka gano ko kana da cutar hawan jini ita ce a duba shi a kai a kai. Hawan jini mai yawa da matakan cholesterol suma ba su da alamun bayyanar a farkon matakan. Gwajin jini mai sauƙi na iya bincika waɗannan sharuɗɗan.

Akwai takamaiman lokuta lokacin da ya kamata ka ga mai ba ka. A ƙasa akwai jagororin nunawa don mata masu shekaru 18 zuwa 39.

YADDA AKE BUDE JINI

• Yi gwajin jini aƙalla sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2. Idan lambar sama (lambar systolic) daga 120 zuwa 139, ko lambar kasa (lambar diastolic) daga 80 zuwa 89 mm Hg, yakamata a duba ta kowace shekara.
• Idan lambar ta sama itace 130 ko sama da haka ko kuma kasan lambar 80 ko sama da haka, sanya alƙawari tare da mai baka domin koyon yadda zaka rage hawan jininka.
• Idan kana da ciwon sukari, cututtukan zuciya, matsalolin koda, ko wasu yanayi, mai yiwuwa ka buƙaci a gwada karfin jininka sau da yawa, amma har yanzu aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara.
• Kalli gwajin jini a yankinku.Tambayi mai ba ku sabis idan za ku iya tsayawa don a duba cutar hawan jini.

KYAUTATA KALOLI

• Zamanin farko da aka ba da shawarar farawa don binciken cholesterol sune shekaru 45 na mata ba tare da sanannun abubuwan haɗari ba na cututtukan zuciya da shekaru 20 ga mata waɗanda ke da sanannun abubuwan haɗari na cututtukan zuciya.
• Matan da suke da matakan cholesterol na al'ada ba sa buƙatar a maimaita gwajin tsawon shekaru 5.
• Maimaita gwaji ba da daɗewa ba idan an buƙata idan canje-canje ya faru a cikin salon rayuwa (haɗe da ƙimar nauyi da abinci).
• Idan kuna da ciwon suga, cututtukan zuciya, matsalolin koda, ko wasu yanayi, kuna buƙatar sa ido sosai.

YADDA AKE YIN CUTAR SARA

• Idan karfin jininka yakai 130/80 mm Hg ko sama, mai baka zai iya gwada yawan sukarin jininka na ciwon suga.
• Idan kana da yawan adadin jikinka (BMI) wanda ya fi 25 girma kuma kana da wasu abubuwan haɗari ga ciwon sukari, ya kamata a bincika ka. Samun BMI sama da 25 na nufin cewa kin yi nauyi. Ya kamata a bincika Ba'amurkan Asiya idan BMI ya fi 23 girma.
• Idan kana da wasu abubuwan haɗari ga ciwon sukari, kamar su dangi na farko da ke fama da ciwon sukari ko tarihin cututtukan zuciya, mai yiwuwa mai ba da sabis ɗinku zai bincika ku don ciwon suga.
• Idan kuna da nauyi kuma kuna da wasu abubuwan haɗari kamar hawan jini kuma kuna shirin yin ciki, ana ba da shawarar dubawa
  

JARABAWAR HAKORI

• Je zuwa likitan hakora sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a kowace shekara don gwaji da tsaftacewa. Likitan hakoranku zai kimanta idan kuna buƙatar yawan ziyarar.

GANIN IDO

• Idan kuna da matsalolin hangen nesa, yi gwajin ido kowace shekara 2 ko fiye idan an ba da shawarar mai ba da sabis.
• Yi gwajin ido a kalla kowace shekara idan kuna da ciwon sukari.

GASKIYA

• Ya kamata ku sami maganin mura a kowace shekara.
• A ko bayan shekara 19, yakamata ka sami rigakafin tetanus-diphtheria da acellular pertussis (Tdap) a matsayin ɗayan maganin rigakafin tetanus-diphtheria idan ba ka karɓe shi a matsayin saurayi ba. Yakamata a sami maganin tetanus-diphtheria a kowace shekara 10.
• Ya kamata ku karɓi allurai biyu na allurar rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta idan ba ku taɓa samun cutar kaji ko na rigakafin ƙwayar cuta ba.
• Ya kamata ku karɓi allurai guda ɗaya zuwa biyu na maganin rigakafin cutar ƙyanda, da kumburin hanji, da na rubella (MMR) idan ba ku riga kun rigaya ba game da MMR. Likitanku na iya gaya muku idan ba ku da rigakafi.
  
• Mai ba ku sabis na iya bayar da shawarar wasu rigakafin idan kuna cikin haɗari ga wasu yanayi, irin su ciwon huhu.

Tambayi mai ba ku sabis game da rigakafin ƙwayar papilloma virus (HPV) idan shekarunku sun kai 19 zuwa 26 kuma kuna da:

• Ba a karɓi rigakafin HPV ba a baya
• Ba a kammala cikakken jerin allurar rigakafin ba (ya kamata ku kamo kan wannan harbi)

BUDURWAR CUTAR KWANA

• Matan da suke yin jima'i ya kamata a duba su ga chlamydia da gonorrhea har zuwa shekaru 25. Mata masu shekaru 25 zuwa sama ya kamata a duba su idan suna cikin babban haɗari.
  
• Duk manya daga shekaru 18 zuwa 79 yakamata ayi gwajin lokaci guda na cutar hepatitis C.
  
• Dogaro da salon rayuwar ku da tarihin lafiyar ku, ƙila ku buƙaci a bincika ku don kamuwa da cututtuka kamar syphilis da HIV, da sauran cututtuka.
  

• Yakamata a binciki karfin jininka a kalla kowace shekara 1 zuwa 2.
• Ya kamata a fara binciken kansar mahaifa tun yana ɗan shekara 21.
• Ya kamata a duba tsayinku, nauyinku, da BMI a kowane gwaji.

Yayin gwajin ku, mai ba ku sabis na iya tambayar ku game da:

• Bacin rai
• Abinci da motsa jiki
• Shan barasa da shan taba
• Batutuwan tsaro, kamar amfani da bel na ɗamara da masu gano hayaƙi

GYARAN NONO

• Mata na iya yin gwajin kansu na kowane wata. Koyaya, masana basu yarda ba game da fa'idodin gwajin kai na nono wajen gano kansar mama ko ceton rayuka. Yi magana da mai ba ka sabis game da abin da ya fi dacewa a gare ka.
• Ba a ba da shawarar mammogram na gwaji don yawancin mata 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 40 ba.
• Idan kuna da uwa ko sisterar’uwa da ke da cutar sankarar mama tun suna ƙuruciya, yi la’akari da mammogram a kowace shekara. Ya kamata su fara tun kafin shekarun da aka gano ƙaramin ɗan uwansu.
• Idan kana da wasu abubuwan haɗari na ciwon nono, mai ba ka sabis zai iya ba da shawarar mammogram, duban dan tayi, ko MRI scan.
• Tuntuɓi mai ba da sabis kai tsaye idan ka lura da wani canji a ƙirjinka, ko ba ka yin gwajin kai na nono.
• Idan ka kai shekara 18 zuwa 39, mai baka zai iya yin gwajin nono na asibiti.

BAYYANA LAFIYAR CIWON KIRJI

Yakamata a fara binciken kansar mahaifa tun yana shekara 21. Bayan gwajin farko:

• Mata masu shekaru 21 zuwa 29 yakamata suyi gwajin Pap kowane shekara 3. Ba a ba da shawarar gwajin HPV ba don wannan rukunin shekarun.
  
• Mata masu shekaru 30 zuwa 65 ya kamata a bincika ko dai gwajin Pap kowane shekara 3 ko gwajin HPV kowane shekara 5.
  
• Idan ku ko abokin zaman ku yana da wasu sabbin abokan, ya kamata ku riƙa yin gwajin Pap kowane shekara 3.
  
• Matan da aka yi wa magani don cutar sankara (dysplasia na mahaifa) ya kamata su ci gaba da yin gwajin Pap na shekaru 20 bayan jiyya ko har zuwa shekaru 65, duk wanda ya fi tsayi.
  
• Idan an cire mahaifarka da mahaifar mahaifa (total hysterectomy) kuma ba a gano ku da ciwon sankarar mahaifa ba lallai ba ku da bukatar a yi muku Pap.

FATA NA KAI

• Mai ba ku sabis na iya bincika fata don alamun kansar fata, musamman ma idan kuna cikin haɗari sosai.
• Mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin haɗari sun haɗa da waɗanda suka kamu da cutar kansa a da, suna da dangi na kusa da cutar kansa, ko kuma suna da rauni a garkuwar jiki.

SAURAN NUNAWA

• Yi magana da mai baka game da binciken kansar hanji idan kana da tarihin iyali mai karfi na kansar hanji ko polyps, ko kuma idan kana da cutar hanji mai kumburi ko polyps da kanka.
• Ba a ba da shawarar yin binciken ƙashin ƙashi na yau da kullun na mata ƙasa da shekara 40 ba.

Ziyartar kula da lafiya - mata - masu shekaru 18 zuwa 39; Gwajin jiki - mata - shekaru 18 zuwa 39; Gwajin shekara - mata - shekaru 18 zuwa 39; Bincike - mata - masu shekaru 18 zuwa 39; Kiwan lafiyar mata - shekaru 18 zuwa 39; Rigakafin rigakafin - mata - masu shekaru 18 zuwa 39

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