Atherosclerosis

Wadatacce

• Menene atherosclerosis?
• Me ke kawo atherosclerosis?
• Babban cholesterol
• Abinci
• Wasu wasu dabarun abinci:
• Tsufa
• Wanene ke cikin haɗarin atherosclerosis?
• Tarihin iyali
• Rashin motsa jiki
• Hawan jini
• Shan taba
• Ciwon suga
• Menene alamun cututtukan atherosclerosis?
• Yaya ake bincikar atherosclerosis?
• Yaya ake magance atherosclerosis?
• Magunguna
• Tiyata
• Me ya kamata ku yi tsammani a cikin dogon lokaci?
• Waɗanne matsaloli ne ke haɗuwa da atherosclerosis?
• Ciwon jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini (CAD)
• Cutar cututtukan Carotid
• Cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki
• Ciwon koda
• Wadanne canje-canje ne na rayuwa ke taimakawa wajen magance da hana atherosclerosis?

Menene atherosclerosis?

Atherosclerosis shine keɓewar jijiyoyin jini sakamakon lalacewar abu. Arteries sune jijiyoyin jini waɗanda ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki daga zuciyarka zuwa sauran jikinku.

Yayinda kuka tsufa, kitse, cholesterol, da alli zasu iya tattarawa a jijiyoyinku kuma suyi tambari. Ginin allon yana da wuya ga jini ya kwarara ta jijiyoyin ku. Wannan ginin yana iya faruwa a kowane jijiyoyin jikinka, gami da zuciyar ka, ƙafafunka, da kuma koda.

Zai iya haifar da karancin jini da iskar oxygen a cikin kayan jikinki daban-daban. Cututtukan plaque na iya fasawa, suna haifar da daskarewar jini. Idan ba a kula da shi ba, atherosclerosis na iya haifar da bugun zuciya, bugun jini, ko gazawar zuciya.

Atherosclerosis matsala ce ta gama gari wacce ke da alaƙa da tsufa. Ana iya hana wannan yanayin kuma yawancin zaɓuɓɓukan magani masu nasara sun wanzu.

Atherosclerosis wani nau'in arteriosclerosis ne, in ba haka ba an san shi da tauraruwar jijiyoyi. Sharuɗɗan atherosclerosis kuma arteriosclerosis wani lokacin ana amfani dasu musaya.

Me ke kawo atherosclerosis?

Ginin allo da kuma taurin jijiyoyin na gaba suna takaita kwararar jini a jijiyoyin, yana hana gabobin ka da kayan ka daga samun iskar oxygen da suke bukatar aiki.

Wadannan sune dalilai na yau da kullun na jijiyoyin jijiyoyi:

Babban cholesterol

Cholesterol wani abu ne mai wax wax, rawaya wanda ana samun sa a jiki cikin jiki da kuma wasu abinci da kuke ci.

Idan matakan cholesterol a cikin jininku sun yi yawa, zai iya toshe jijiyoyinku. Ya zama wani abu mai wuya wanda ke taƙaita ko toshewar zagawar jini zuwa zuciyarka da sauran gabobin.

Abinci

Yana da mahimmanci a ci lafiyayyen abinci. Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka (AHA) ta ba da shawarar cewa ku bi tsarin abinci mai ƙoshin lafiya wannan ya karfafa:

• yalwa da kayan marmari da kayan marmari
• dukan hatsi
• kayayyakin kiwo mai-mai
• kaji da kifi, ba tare da fata ba
• kwayoyi da wake
• man kayan lambu mara zafi, kamar zaitun ko man sunflower

Wasu wasu dabarun abinci:

• Guji abinci da abin sha tare da ƙarin sukari, kamar abubuwan sha mai daɗin sukari, alewa, da kayan zaki. AHA ta ba da shawarar fiye da cokali 6 ko adadin sukari 100 na sukari a rana ga yawancin mata, kuma ba fiye da cokali 9 ko adadin kuzari 150 a rana ga yawancin maza ba.
• Guji abinci mai yawan gishiri. Neman samun kasa da milligram 2,300 (MG) na sodium a kowace rana. Da kyau, ba za ku ci fiye da 1,500 MG a rana ba.
• Guji abinci mai cike da kitse mara kyau, irin su fats. Sauya su da kitse mara kyashi, wanda shine mafi alheri a gare ku. Idan kana buƙatar rage ƙwayar cholesterol na jini, rage kitsen mai wanda bai wuce kashi 5 zuwa 6 na yawan adadin kuzari ba. Ga wani wanda ke cin adadin kuzari 2,000 a rana, wannan yana kusan gram 13 na cikakken mai.

Tsufa

Yayin da kuka tsufa, zuciyar ku da jijiyoyin jini suna aiki tuƙuru don yin famfo da karɓar jini. Jijiyoyin ku na iya raunana kuma su zama ba su da ƙarfi, wanda ke sa su zama masu saukin kamuwa da kayan tarihi.

Wanene ke cikin haɗarin atherosclerosis?

Yawancin dalilai sun sanya ka cikin haɗarin atherosclerosis. Wasu dalilai masu haɗari za a iya canza su, yayin da wasu ba za su iya ba.

Tarihin iyali

Idan atherosclerosis ya gudana a cikin danginku, kuna iya kasancewa cikin haɗarin ƙarancin jijiyoyin. Wannan yanayin, da sauran matsalolin da suka shafi zuciya, ana iya gadon su.

Rashin motsa jiki

Motsa jiki na yau da kullun yana da kyau ga zuciyar ku. Yana kiyaye tsokar zuciyarka da ƙarfi kuma yana ƙarfafa iskar oxygen da jini a cikin jikinka.

Rayuwa a cikin salon rayuwa na ƙara haɗarin ka ga yawancin yanayin kiwon lafiya, gami da cututtukan zuciya.

Hawan jini

Hawan jini zai iya lalata jijiyoyin ku ta hanyar sanya su rauni a wasu yankuna. Cholesterol da sauran abubuwa a cikin jininku na iya rage sassaucin jijiyoyin ku akan lokaci.

Shan taba

Shan sigari na iya lalata jijiyoyin jini da zuciya.

Ciwon suga

Mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari suna da mafi yawan cututtukan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini (CAD).

Menene alamun cututtukan atherosclerosis?

Yawancin alamun cututtukan atherosclerosis ba sa nunawa har sai an sami toshewa. Kwayar cutar ta yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• ciwon kirji ko angina
• ciwo a ƙafarka, hannu, da kuma duk wani wuri wanda ke da toshewar jijiya
• karancin numfashi
• gajiya
• rikicewa, wanda ke faruwa idan toshewar tasirin ya shafi kwakwalwarka
• rauni na tsoka a ƙafafunku daga rashin zagayawa

Yana da mahimmanci a san alamomin bugun zuciya da shanyewar jiki. Duk waɗannan biyu ana iya haifar da atherosclerosis kuma suna buƙatar kulawa da gaggawa.

Alamomin bugun zuciya sun hada da:

• ciwon kirji ko rashin jin daɗi
• zafi a kafadu, baya, wuya, hannaye, da muƙamuƙi
• ciwon ciki
• karancin numfashi
• zufa
• rashin haske
• tashin zuciya ko amai
• azancin halaka

Kwayar cutar bugun jini sun hada da:

• rauni ko tsukewa a fuska ko gabar jiki
• matsala magana
• matsala fahimtar magana
• matsalolin hangen nesa
• asarar ma'auni
• kwatsam, tsananin ciwon kai

Ciwon zuciya da bugun jini duka gaggawa ne na likita.Kira 911 ko sabis na gaggawa na gida ku shiga ɗakin gaggawa na asibiti da wuri-wuri idan kun sami alamun bayyanar cututtukan zuciya ko bugun jini.

Yaya ake bincikar atherosclerosis?

Likitan ku zai yi gwajin jiki idan kuna da alamun rashin lafiyar atherosclerosis. Za su bincika:

• bugun rauni
• anerysm, wata ɓarkewar al'ada ko fadada jijiya saboda rauni na bangon jijiya
• jinkirin warkar da rauni, wanda ke nuna ƙarancin gudanawar jini

Kwararren likitan zuciya na iya sauraron zuciyar ku don ganin kuna da sautunan da basu dace ba. Za su saurari karar amo, wanda ke nuna cewa an toshe jijiyar jini. Likitan ku zai ba da umarnin ƙarin gwaje-gwaje idan suna tsammanin kuna da atherosclerosis.

Gwaje-gwaje na iya haɗawa da:

• gwajin jini don bincika matakan cholesterol
• wani Doppler duban dan tayi, wanda ke amfani da raƙuman sauti don ƙirƙirar hoton jijiyoyin da ke nuna idan akwai toshewa
• Alamar idon sawun kafa-kafa (ABI), wanda yake neman toshewar hannunka ko kafafunka ta hanyar gwada karfin jini a kowane gabobi
• wani yanayin maganadisu na maganadisu (MRA) ko kuma wanda aka kirkira da hoton hoton mutum (CTA) don kirkirar hotunan manyan jijiyoyin jikinka.
• angiogram na zuciya, wanda shine nau'in kirji na kirji wanda aka ɗauka bayan an allurar jijiyoyin zuciyarka da fenti mai ƙyalli
• electrocardiogram (ECG ko EKG), wanda ke auna aikin lantarki a zuciyar ka don neman kowane yanki na ragin jini
• gwajin damuwa, ko gwajin haƙuri, wanda ke lura da bugun zuciyarka da hawan jini yayin da kake motsa jiki a kan na'urar motsa jiki ko keke mai tsaye

Yaya ake magance atherosclerosis?

Jiyya ya haɗa da canza salon rayuwar ku ta yanzu don rage adadin mai da cholesterol da kuke cinyewa. Kuna iya buƙatar motsa jiki don inganta lafiyar zuciyar ku da jijiyoyin jini.

Sai dai idan atherosclerosis ya yi tsanani, likitanku na iya ba da shawarar canje-canje na rayuwa kamar layin farko na jiyya. Hakanan zaka iya buƙatar ƙarin jiyya na likita, kamar magunguna ko tiyata.

Magunguna

Magunguna na iya taimakawa hana atherosclerosis daga damuwa.

Magunguna don magance atherosclerosis sun hada da:

• magungunan rage yawan cholesterol, gami da statins da fibrates
• angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) masu hanawa, wanda na iya taimakawa wajen hana takaita jijiyoyin ku
• beta-blockers ko calcium channel blockers don rage hawan jini
• diuretics, ko kwayoyi na ruwa, don taimakawa rage saukar jini
• magunguna masu hana yaduwar jini da magungunan hana daukar ciki kamar su asfirin don hana jini yin daskarewa da toshe jijiyoyin jijiyoyin ku

Asfirin yana da tasiri musamman ga mutanen da ke da tarihin cutar cututtukan zuciya da ƙwanƙwasa (misali, ciwon zuciya da bugun jini). Tsarin aspirin zai iya rage haɗarin samun wani taron lafiya.

Idan babu wani tarihin cutar atherosclerotic na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, yakamata kayi amfani da asfirin a matsayin magani na rigakafin idan hadarin zubda jini ya yi kasa kuma kasadar cutar atherosclerotic na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tayi yawa.

Tiyata

Idan bayyanar cututtuka ta kasance mai tsanani musamman ko idan tsoka ko kayan fata suna cikin haɗari, tiyata na iya zama dole.

Yin aikin tiyata don magance atherosclerosis sun hada da:

• aikin tiyata, wanda ya haɗa da amfani da jirgin ruwa daga wani wuri a cikin jikinka ko kuma bututun roba don karkatar da jini a kusa da toshewar ko kuma kunkuntar jijiyarka
• maganin thrombolytic, wanda ya haɗa da narkar da daskarewar jini ta hanyar allurar magani a cikin jijiyarka da ta shafa
• angioplasty, wanda ya hada da amfani da catheter da balan-balan don fadada jijiyarka, wani lokacin saika saka wani abu domin barin jijiyar a bude
• endarterectomy, wanda ya kunshi cire tiyata mai maiko daga jijiyarka
• atherectomy, wanda ya haɗa da cire allo daga jijiyoyinka ta amfani da catheter tare da kaifi ruwa a ƙarshen ƙarshen

Me ya kamata ku yi tsammani a cikin dogon lokaci?

Tare da magani, zaku iya ganin ci gaba a cikin lafiyar ku, amma wannan na iya ɗaukar lokaci. Nasarar maganin ku zai dogara ne akan:

• tsananin yanayinka
• yadda da sauri aka bi da shi
• ko wasu gabobin sun shafa

Eningarfafa jijiyoyin ba za a iya juyawa ba. Koyaya, magance dalilin da yasa rayuwa mai kyau da canje-canje na abinci zasu iya taimakawa rage tafiyar ko hana shi yin mummunan rauni.

Ya kamata ku yi aiki tare da likitan ku don yin canje-canjen rayuwar da ta dace. Hakanan kuna buƙatar shan magungunan da suka dace don kula da yanayin ku kuma ku guje wa matsaloli.

Waɗanne matsaloli ne ke haɗuwa da atherosclerosis?

Atherosclerosis na iya haifar da:

• rashin zuciya
• ciwon zuciya
• bugun zuciya mara kyau
• bugun jini
• mutuwa

Hakanan yana haɗuwa da cututtuka masu zuwa:

Ciwon jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini (CAD)

Maganin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini ne wadanda ke samar da iskar tsoka da iskar oxygen da jini. Cutar jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini (CAD) na faruwa ne yayin da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki suka zama da wuya.

Cutar cututtukan Carotid

Ana samun jijiyoyin carotid a cikin wuyanka kuma suna ba da jini ga kwakwalwarka.

Wadannan jijiyoyin na iya lalacewa idan wani abu ya taso a bangon su. Rashin zagayawa na iya rage yawan jini da iskar oxygen da ke kaiwa ga kwakwalwar kwakwalwarka da sel. Ara koyo game da cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya

Cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki

Legsafafunku, hannuwanku, da ƙananan jikinku sun dogara da jijiyoyin ku don samar da jini da iskar oxygen ga kayan jikin su. Teriesarƙwarar jijiyoyin na iya haifar da matsalolin zagayawa a waɗannan yankuna na jiki.

Ciwon koda

Jijiyoyin koda suna bada jini ga kodar ka. Koda suna tace kayayyakin sharar da karin ruwa daga jininka.

Atherosclerosis na waɗannan jijiyoyin na iya haifar da gazawar koda.

Wadanne canje-canje ne na rayuwa ke taimakawa wajen magance da hana atherosclerosis?

Canje-canjen salon rayuwa na iya taimakawa wajen karewa da kula da atherosclerosis, musamman ga mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari na 2.

Sauye-sauyen salon rayuwa sun hada da:

• cin lafiyayyen abinci mai karancin kitse mai kitse da cholesterol
• guje wa abinci mai mai
• kara kifi a abincinki sau biyu a sati
• samun akalla motsa jiki na mintuna 75 ko kuma motsa jiki na mintina 150 kowane mako
• daina shan taba idan kana shan sigari
• rasa nauyi idan ka yi kiba ko kiba
• kula da damuwa
• magance yanayin da ke tattare da atherosclerosis, kamar hauhawar jini, high cholesterol, da ciwon sukari