Yadda zaka kiyaye kanka daga cutar kwayar cuta (COVID-19)

Wadatacce

• Babban kulawa don kare kanka daga kwayar cutar
• 1. Yadda zaka kiyaye kanka a gida
• Yadda ake shirya ɗakin keɓewa a gida
• Wanene ya kamata a sanya shi a cikin ɗakin keɓewa
• 2. Yadda zaka kare kanka a wajen aiki
• 3. Yadda zaka kiyaye kanka a wuraren taron jama'a
• Abin da za a yi idan akwai tuhuma
• Shin yana yiwuwa a sami COVID-19 fiye da sau ɗaya?
• Har yaushe SARS-CoV-2 ke rayuwa
• Yadda kwayar cutar ke shafar jiki

Sabon coronavirus, wanda aka sani da SARS-CoV-2, kuma wanda ke haifar da kamuwa da COVID-19, ya haifar da adadi mai yawa na kamuwa da cutar numfashi a duk duniya. Hakan ya faru ne saboda ana iya daukar kwayar cutar cikin sauki ta hanyar tari da atishawa, ta hanyar diga-digar miyau da kuma hanyoyin numfashi wadanda aka dakatar dasu a iska.

Alamomin COVID-19 sun yi kama da na mura, wanda ke iya haifar da tari, zazzabi, numfashi da kuma ciwon kai. Shawarwarin na WHO shine duk wanda ke da alamomin cutar kuma wanda ya yi mu’amala da wani da ke iya kamuwa da cutar, ya tuntubi hukumomin lafiya don sanin yadda za a ci gaba.

Duba manyan alamun COVID-19 kuma ɗauki gwajin mu ta kan layi don gano menene haɗarin ku.

Babban kulawa don kare kanka daga kwayar cutar

Game da mutanen da basu kamu da cutar ba, jagororin sune musamman don kokarin kare kansu daga yuwuwar cutar. Ana iya yin wannan kariya ta matakan gaba ɗaya kan kowane nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta, waɗanda suka haɗa da:

1. Wanke hannuwanku akai-akai da sabulu da ruwa na akalla dakika 20, musamman bayan cudanya da wani wanda zai iya rashin lafiya;
2. Guji yawan zuwa wuraren da jama'a suke, rufewa da cunkoson jama'a, kamar wuraren kasuwanci ko wuraren motsa jiki, sun fi son zama a gida muddin zai yiwu;
3. Ka rufe bakinka da hanci duk lokacin da kake buƙatar tari ko atishawa, ta amfani da zanen aljihu ko sutura;
4. Guji shafar idanu, hanci da baki;
5. Sanya abin rufe fuska idan baka da lafiya, don rufe hanci da bakinka duk lokacin da kuke buƙatar kasancewa cikin gida ko tare da wasu mutane;
6. Kada ku raba abubuwan sirri wannan na iya kasancewa yana cikin haɗuwa da dusar ruwa na miyau ko ɓoyewar numfashi, kamar abin yanka, gilashi da burushin hakori;
7. Guji hulɗa da dabbobin daji ko kowace irin dabba da ta bayyana ba ta da lafiya;
8. Kasance cikin iska mai iska mai kyau, buɗe taga don bada izinin zagayawar iska;
9. Ka dafa abinci sosai kafin ka ci, musamman nama, da kuma wanka ko bare kayan abincin da basa bukatar dahuwa, kamar 'ya'yan itace.

Kalli bidiyo mai zuwa kuma ka fahimci yadda yaduwar kwayar cutar ke faruwa da yadda zaka kiyaye kanka:

1. Yadda zaka kiyaye kanka a gida

Yayin wani yanayi na annoba, kamar yadda yake faruwa da COVID-19, akwai yuwuwar an ba da shawarar kasancewa a gida muddin zai yiwu, don kauce wa cunkoson mutane a wuraren da jama'a ke taruwa, saboda wannan na iya saukaka yaduwar kwayar.

A irin waɗannan halaye, yana da matukar mahimmanci a sami ƙarin takamaiman kulawa a gida don kare iyalin duka, waɗanda suka haɗa da:

• Cire takalma da tufafi a ƙofar gidan, musamman idan kun kasance a cikin wurin jama'a tare da mutane da yawa;
• Wanke hannuwanku kafin ku shiga gidan ko, idan ba zai yiwu ba, nan da nan bayan shiga gidan;
• Kullum tsaftace wurare da abubuwan da akafi amfani dasu, kamar tebur, ƙididdiga, ƙofar ƙofa, abubuwan sarrafawa masu nisa, ko wayoyin salula, misali. Don tsaftacewa, ana iya amfani da abu na al'ada ko kuma cakuda 250 na ruwa tare da babban cokali 1 na bleach (sodium hypochlorite). Tsaftacewa dole ne a yi tare da safofin hannu;
• Wanke tufafin da aka yi amfani da su a waje ko waɗanda ake gani da ƙazanta. Manufa ita ce wanka a mafi tsananin zafin jiki da aka ba da shawarar irin nau'in masana'anta a kowane yanki. Yayin wannan aikin yana da kyau a sanya safar hannu;
• Guji raba faranti, kayan yanka ko tabarau tare da 'yan uwa, gami da raba abinci;
• Kauce wa kusancin dangi, musamman tare da waɗanda suke buƙatar zuwa wuraren jama'a a kai a kai, suna guje wa sumba ko runguma a lokutan da ake samun babbar annoba.

Bugu da kari, yana da muhimmanci a kiyaye duk wasu matakan kariya daga kwayoyin cuta, kamar rufe hanci da bakinka a duk lokacin da kake bukatar tari ko atishawa, tare da kaucewa cunkoson mutane da yawa a daki daya a gida.

Idan akwai mara lafiya a cikin gidan yana da matukar mahimmanci a sami ƙarin matakan rigakafin, yana iya ma zama dole a sanya wannan mutumin a cikin keɓewar keɓewa.

Yadda ake shirya ɗakin keɓewa a gida

Theakin keɓewa ya keɓe marasa lafiya daga sauran lafiyayyun dangin, har sai likita ya gama aiki ko kuma sai an yi gwajin kwayar cutar da sakamako mara kyau. Wancan ne saboda, kamar yadda coronavirus ke haifar da kamuwa da mura ko alamomin sanyi, babu wata hanyar sanin wanda zai iya kamuwa da cutar ko a'a.

Irin wannan ɗakin baya buƙatar shiri na musamman, amma dole ne a rufe ƙofar koyaushe kuma mara lafiyar ba zai fita daga ɗakin ba. Idan ya zama dole a fita don zuwa banɗaki, alal misali, yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da abin rufe fuska don mutum ya iya zagaya hanyoyin gidan. A ƙarshe, dole ne a tsaftace bandakin da kuma kashe ƙwayoyin cuta duk lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi, musamman bayan gida, wanka da wanka.

A cikin ɗaki, dole ne mutum kuma ya kula da irin kulawa ta gaba ɗaya, kamar yin amfani da abin ɗora hannu don rufe baki da hanci a duk lokacin da ya buƙaci tari ko atishawa da wanka ko kashe hannayensa akai-akai. Duk wani abu da ake amfani da shi a cikin ɗaki, kamar faranti, tabarau ko kayan yanka, dole ne a ɗora su da safar hannu kuma a wanke su kai tsaye, da sabulu da ruwa.

Bugu da kari, idan lafiyayyen mutum yana bukatar shiga daki, to yakamata su wanke hannayensu kafin da bayan zama a cikin dakin, tare da amfani da safar hannu wacce za'a yar da kuma abin rufe fuska.

Wanene ya kamata a sanya shi a cikin ɗakin keɓewa

Ya kamata a yi amfani da ɗakin keɓewa ga mutanen da ke fama da rashin lafiya ko alamomin alamomin da za a iya magance su a gida, kamar rashin lafiyar gaba ɗaya, yawan tari da atishawa, ƙarancin zazzabi ko hanci.

Idan mutum yana da alamun rashin lafiya mai tsanani, kamar zazzaɓi wanda ba ya inganta ko wahalar numfashi, yana da matukar muhimmanci a tuntuɓi hukumomin kiwon lafiya kuma a bi shawarar kwararrun. Idan an ba da shawarar zuwa asibiti, ya kamata ku guji amfani da jigilar jama'a kuma koyaushe ku yi amfani da abin rufe fuska.

2. Yadda zaka kare kanka a wajen aiki

Yayin lokutan annoba, kamar yadda yake tare da COVID-19, abin da ya fi dacewa shi ne cewa ana yin aikin daga gida a duk lokacin da zai yiwu. Koyaya, a cikin yanayin da wannan ba zai yiwu ba, akwai wasu dokoki waɗanda ke taimakawa rage haɗarin kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta a wuraren aiki:

• Guji kusanci da abokan aiki ta hanyar sumbata ko runguma;
• Nemi ma'aikatan marasa lafiya da su zauna a gida kuma kar ku tafi aiki. Hakanan ya shafi mutanen da ke da alamun rashin asalin asalinsu;
• Guji cunkoson mutane da yawa a cikin ɗakunan da aka rufe, alal misali, a cikin gidan cin abinci, tare da wasu mutane kalilan don cin abincin rana ko abun ciye-ciye;
• Tsaftace dukkan wuraren aikin a kai a kai, akasarin tebura, kujeru da duk wasu abubuwa na aiki, kamar su kwamfuta ko allo. Don tsaftacewa, ana iya amfani da abu mai tsafta na al'ada ko cakuda 250 na ruwa tare da cokali 1 na bleach (sodium hypochlorite). Dole a yi tsaftacewa tare da safofin hannu na yarwa.

Don waɗannan ƙa'idojin dole ne a ƙara kulawa ta gaba ɗaya game da kowane nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar buɗe tagogi a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, don ba iska damar zagayawa da tsabtace mahalli.

3. Yadda zaka kiyaye kanka a wuraren taron jama'a

Kamar yadda yake a yanayin aiki, yakamata a yi amfani da wuraren jama'a kawai lokacin da ake buƙata. Wannan ya hada da zuwa kasuwa ko kantin magani don sayen kayan masarufi ko magunguna.

Sauran wurare, kamar su manyan shagunan kasuwanci, gidajen silima, wuraren motsa jiki, wuraren shan shayi ko shagunan ya kamata a guji, tunda ba'a ɗauke su da kayan masarufi ba kuma suna iya haifar da tarin mutane.

Har yanzu, idan ya zama dole don zuwa wasu wuraren jama'a yana da mahimmanci a sami takamaiman kulawa na musamman, kamar:

• Tsaya a matsayin ɗan lokaci kaɗan akan wuri, barin nan da nan bayan kammala sayan;
• Guji amfani da kayan ƙyauren ƙofa da hannunka, amfani da gwiwar hannu don buɗe ƙofar duk lokacin da zai yiwu;
• Wanke hannuwanka kafin barin wurin taron jama'a, don kaucewa gurɓata mota ko gida;
• Bada fifikon lokaci tare da karancin mutane.

Wuraren jama'a a sararin samaniya kuma tare da iska mai kyau, kamar wuraren shakatawa ko lambuna, ana iya amfani dasu cikin aminci don yawo ko motsa jiki, amma yana da kyau a guji shiga cikin ayyukan rukuni.

Abin da za a yi idan akwai tuhuma

Yana dauke da ake zargi da kamuwa da cutar ta sabon coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, lokacin da mutumin ya sadu da kai tsaye tare da waɗanda aka tabbatar ko waɗanda ake tuhuma da cutar COVID-19 kuma yana da alamun alamun kamuwa da cutar, irin su tari mai tsanani, ƙarancin numfashi da sama zazzabi.

A wa annan lamuran, ana so mutum ya kira layin "Disque Saúde" ta lamba 136 ko Whatsapp: (61) 9938-0031, don karbar jagora daga kwararrun likitocin a Ma'aikatar. Idan an nuna cewa za a je asibiti a yi gwaji a tabbatar da ganewar asirin, yana da muhimmanci a dauki wasu matakan kariya don kaucewa yada kwayar cutar ga wasu, kamar:

• Sanya abin rufe fuska;
• Ka rufe bakinka da hancinka da takarda a duk lokacin da kake buƙatar tari ko atishawa, ka yar da shi a kwandon shara bayan kowane amfani;
• Guji hulɗa kai tsaye tare da wasu mutane, ta hanyar taɓawa, sumbanta ko runguma;
• Wanke hannuwanku kafin barin gidan da zaran kun isa asibiti;
• Guji amfani da safarar jama'a don zuwa asibiti ko asibitin lafiya;
• Guji kasancewa cikin gida tare da wasu mutane.

Bugu da kari, yana da muhimmanci a gargadi mutanen da suka yi mu'amala ta kut-da-kut a cikin kwanaki 14 da suka gabata, kamar su dangi da abokai, game da wannan tuhuma, domin wadannan mutanen su ma su fadaka game da bayyanar alamun.

A asibiti da / ko kuma harkar lafiya, mutumin da ake zargi da COVID-19 za a sanya shi a keɓe wuri don hana ƙwayoyin cutar yaduwa, sannan kuma za a yi wasu gwaje-gwajen jini, kamar PCR, nazarin ɓoyayyun ɓoye. da kuma kirjin kirji, wanda ke taimakawa wajen gano nau'in kwayar cutar da ke haifar da alamomin, barin keɓancewa kawai lokacin da sakamakon gwajin ya zama mummunan ga COVID-19. Duba yadda ake yin gwajin COVID-19.

Shin yana yiwuwa a sami COVID-19 fiye da sau ɗaya?

Akwai wasu rahotanni da aka ruwaito na mutanen da suka ɗauki COVID-19 fiye da sau ɗaya, duk da haka, kuma bisa ga CDC ^[2], mutumin da ya rigaya ya kamu da cutar yana samun kariya daga kwayar a kalla kwanaki 90 na farko, wanda hakan ke rage yiwuwar sake kamuwa da cutar a wannan lokacin.

Duk da haka, koda kuwa kun riga kun kamu da cutar, jagorar ita ce kiyaye duk matakan da zasu taimaka wajen rigakafin cutar, kamar su wanke hannuwanku akai-akai, sanya abin kariya na sirri da kiyaye tazarar zamantakewa.

Har yaushe SARS-CoV-2 ke rayuwa

Dangane da binciken da ƙungiyar masu bincike daga Amurka suka buga a cikin Maris 2020 ^[1], an gano cewa SARS-CoV-2, sabuwar kwayar cutar daga China, na iya rayuwa a wasu wurare har zuwa kwanaki 3, duk da haka, wannan lokacin na iya bambanta gwargwadon kayan da yanayin muhallin.

Don haka, gabaɗaya, lokacin rayuwa na kwayar cutar da ke haifar da COVID-19 ya zama:

• Roba da bakin karfe: har zuwa kwanaki 3;
• Tagulla: Awanni 4;
• Kwali: Awanni 24;
• A cikin nau'i na aerosols, bayan yawan hazo, misali: har zuwa awanni 3.

Wannan binciken yana nuni da cewa saduwa da wadanda suka kamu da cutar na iya zama wani nau'i ne na yada sabuwar kwayar cutar, duk da haka ana bukatar karin bincike don tabbatar da wannan tunanin. A kowane hali, ya zama dole ayi amfani da matakan kariya, kamar su wankin hannu, amfani da gel na giya da kuma yawan kamuwa da cututtukan saman da ka iya kamuwa da cutar. Ana iya yin wannan maganin ta hanyar abubuwan wankan janaba na yau da kullun, giya 70% ko kuma cakuda 250 ml na ruwa tare da cokali 1 na bleach (sodium hypochlorite).

Kalli bidiyo mai zuwa ka duba mahimmancin waɗannan matakan don hana ɓarkewar ƙwayoyin cuta:

Yadda kwayar cutar ke shafar jiki

Coronavirus da ke haifar da COVID-19, wanda aka sani da SARS-CoV-2, an gano shi kwanan nan kuma, sakamakon haka, har yanzu ba a bayyana abin da zai iya haifarwa a jiki ba.

Koyaya, sananne ne cewa, a cikin wasu ƙungiyoyin haɗari, kamuwa da cuta na iya haifar da alamomi masu tsananin gaske wanda zai iya zama barazanar rai. Wadannan kungiyoyin sun hada da mutane masu rauni a garkuwar jiki, kamar su:

• Tsofaffi mutane sama da shekaru 65;
• Mutanen da ke da cututtuka masu tsanani kamar ciwon sukari, numfashi ko matsalolin zuciya;
• Mutanen da ke fama da matsalar koda;
• Mutanen da ke shan wani nau'in magani wanda ke shafar tsarin garkuwar jiki, kamar chemotherapy;
• Mutanen da aka yiwa dashe.

A cikin waɗannan rukunin, sabon kwayar cutar ta kwayar cuta yana bayyana yana haifar da alamun kamanni da na ciwon huhu, Ciwon Gabas ta Tsakiya (MERS) ko ciwo mai tsanani na numfashi (SARS), wanda ke buƙatar magani mai tsanani a asibiti.

Bugu da ƙari, wasu marasa lafiya sun warke daga COVID-19 sun nuna alamun bayyanar cututtuka kamar yawan gajiya, ciwon tsoka da wahalar bacci, koda bayan sun gama kawar da kwayar cutar daga jikinsu, matsalar da ake kira post-COVID syndrome. Duba bidiyo mai zuwa game da wannan ciwo:

A cikin mu kwasfan fayiloli da Dr. Mirca Ocanhas ya bayyana babban shakku game da mahimmancin ƙarfafa huhu don guje wa rikitarwa na COVID-19: