Nemi Mafi Kyawun Antiwayar ƙwaƙwalwa don Yara
Wadatacce
- Barka da zuwa
- Ta yaya Atypical Antipsychotics ke aiki kuma Wane ne yake Bukatar su?
- Yanayin da aka Bi da shi tare da Atypical Antipsychotics
- Schizophrenia
- Cutar Bipolar
- Distance Ga-Rankuwa-Abripiprazole (Abilify)
- Quetiapine (Yankin Seroquel)
- Olanzapine da Risperidone
- Cutar Ci Gaban da ke Yawo
- Rikice-rikicen Hali
- Tsaro na Atypical Antipsychotics
- Matsalar tsaro tare da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin yara da matasa
- Riba mai nauyi
- Matsalar Zuciya da Ciwon suga
- Halin kashe kansa
- Sauran Illolin
- Zaɓin Atwayar Magungunan ƙwaƙwalwa na Yara
- Magana da Likitanka
- Yadda muka Tattaunawa game da Ciwon Kai
- Raba Wannan Rahoton
- Game da Mu
- Bayani
- Takaitawa
- Cikakken rahoto
Magungunan maganin da ake kira atypical antipsychotics, wadanda suka hada da aripiprazole (Abilify), asenapine (Saphris), clozapine (Clozaril), iloperidone (Fanapt), olanzapine (Zyprexa), paliperidone (Invega), quetiapine (Seroquel), Risperone (Geodon), ana ba yara da matasa don magance schizophrenia da bipolar disorder. Hakanan ana amfani da su don ƙoƙarin rage zalunci, ɓacin rai, da halaye masu cutar da kai waɗanda ke da alaƙa da rikice-rikicen ci gaba, ciki har da autism da cututtukan Asperger, da rikice-rikicen ɗabi'a. Amma wajabta wadannan kwayoyi ga matasa yana da sabani saboda ba a yi karatun su sosai ba, kuma ba a san aminci da tasirin dogon lokaci ga yara da matasa ba.
Bincike a cikin manya ya gano cewa atypical antipsychotics na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako, don haka aminci na dogon lokaci shine damuwa musamman game da amfani da su a cikin yara. Wasu daga cikin mawuyacin damuwa sun hada da motsi mara motsi da girgizar kasa wadanda suka yi kama da cutar Parkinson (wanda aka fi sani da extrapyramidal symptoms), haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari, ƙimar riba mai nauyi, da hauhawar cholesterol da matakan triglyceride. Hakanan magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta na rashin ƙarfi na iya ƙara haɗarin mutuwa wanda bai kai ba, musamman saboda shanyewar jiki, a cikin tsofaffi waɗanda ke da tabin hankali. Wadannan haɗarin an yi nazarin su da farko a cikin manya; illar da ke cikin yara ba ta da cikakkiyar masaniya a wannan lokacin.
Saboda rashin hujja, ba za mu iya zaɓar Mafi Kyawun sikancin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa don yara masu fama da cutar ƙwaƙwalwa ba, rikicewar ɓarin ciki, rikicewar ci gaban da ke yaɗuwa, ko rikicewar halayya. Madadin haka, mashawartan likitocinmu sun ba da shawara ga iyaye da kyau su lura da haɗarin da fa'idodi. Yaran da ke cikin waɗannan rikice-rikicen ya kamata su sami cikakkiyar kulawa, wanda ya haɗa da ilimin halayyar halayyar mutum, horon gudanarwa na iyaye, da shirye-shirye na ilimi na musamman, tare da duk wani magani na likita.
Yanke shawara ko amfani da ɗayan waɗannan magunguna ya kamata a yi tare da likitan ɗanka. Muhimmin ra'ayi ya haɗa da farashi, wanda zai iya zama mai fa'ida, illa mai tasiri, da kuma ko an nuna cewa maganin yana da tasiri ga mafi girman sananniyar ɗanka ko alamun sa. Idan ɗanka yana da yanayin haɗin gwiwa-misali, ADHD ko ɓacin rai-ya kamata ka tabbatar an yi musu magani yadda ya dace, saboda wannan na iya inganta alamomin ɗanka.
An buga wannan rahoton a cikin Maris 2012.
Abinda ke ciki- Sashe na 1: Maraba
- Sashe na 2: Ta yaya Atypical Antipsychotics ke aiki kuma Wanene yake Bukatar su?
- Sashe na 3: Tsaro na Atypical Antipsychotics
- Sashe na 4: Zaɓin ywararriyar psywayar ƙwaƙwalwa ga Yara
- Sashe na 5: Tattaunawa da Likitanka
- Sashe na 6: Yadda muka Tattaunawa game da Ciwon Kai
- Sashe na 7: Raba Wannan Rahoton
- Sashe na 8: Game da Mu
- Sashe na 9: Bayani
Barka da zuwa
Wannan rahoto ya mai da hankali kan amfani da magungunan likitanci waɗanda yara da matasa, masu shekaru 18 zuwa shekaru. Ana amfani da attipical antipsychotics don magance schizophrenia da bipolar cuta. Hakanan ana amfani dasu don ƙoƙari don rage zalunci, ɓacin rai, janyewar jama'a / rashin nutsuwa, da sauran alamomi a cikin yara da matasa masu fama da rikice-rikicen ci gaba, gami da autism da cututtukan Asperger, da kuma rikice-rikicen ɗabi'a (amma ya kamata a san cewa ba a taɓa yin maganin rashin lafiyar ba. taimaka ainihin matsalolin sadarwa na autism da rikice-rikice irin wannan.)
Bayyanar da yara yara da yara masu maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa abu ne mai rikitarwa saboda akwai ƙaramar shaida game da aminci ko tasirin amfani a waɗannan rukunin shekarun.Mafi yawan abin da muka sani ya fito ne daga karatun manya. Kamar yadda Tebur na 1 ya nuna, yawancin Abincin da Magunguna marasa lafiya basu yarda da Abincin da Magunguna don amfani da yara ba. Amma ana iya amfani da su ta hanyar doka “alamar lakabi,” wanda ke nufin za a iya ba da magani don magance yanayin da ba shi da izinin FDA. (Aboutari game da wannan a sashe na 2.)
Duk da rashin hujja, ana yawan ba da waɗannan magunguna ga yara da matasa. Wannan ya taimaka wajen sanya magungunan da ba su dace ba su zama na biyar a cikin rukunin sayar da magunguna a Amurka a shekarar 2010, tare da dala biliyan 16.1 a tallace-tallace, a cewar IMS Health.
Clozapine (Clozaril), wanda aka samo shi a Amurka a cikin 1989, shine farkon farkon rashin lafiyar rashin lafiya wanda FDA ta amince dashi. A yau, yawanci ana bayar da shi ne kawai lokacin da wasu kwayoyi suka gaza saboda yana iya haifar da mummunar cuta a cikin wasu mutane. Sauran wasu magungunan rashin lafiya wadanda basu dace ba, wadanda suka hada da aripiprazole (Abilify), asenapine (Saphris), iloperidone (Fanapt), olanzapine (Zyprexa), paliperidone (Invega), quetiapine (Seroquel), risperidone (Risperdal), da ziprasid . (Duba Table 1.)
Atypical antipsychotics na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa, gami da taurin kai, motsi a hankali da rawar jiki ba sani ba (wanda aka sani da karin alamomin extrapyramidal), riba mai nauyi, karin haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 2, da matakan cholesterol. (An lasafta sakamako masu illa a cikin Shafi na 2.) Yawancin mutane da suka fara shan daya basa shan shi na dogon lokaci, koda kuwa hakan zai rage alamun su, saboda ba zasu iya ba ko kuma basa son jurewa illar.
Gudanar da yara tare da rikicewar haɓaka ko halayyar ɗabi'a na iya zama ƙalubale ga iyaye da likitoci. Saboda ba a san komai game da amfani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin yara ba, kuma saboda rikitarwa da ke tattare da waɗannan rikice-rikicen, Rahoton Masu Sayarwa Mafi Kyawun Magunguna bai ba da shawarar takamaiman zaɓuɓɓukan magani ba ko zaɓi Mafi Kyawun Buy a wannan rahoton na musamman. Madadin haka, zamu kimanta bincike na likitanci don taimaka muku fahimtar fa'idodi da haɗarin da ke tattare da maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa don ku yanke shawara, tare da likitan yaranku, ko sun dace da yaronku.
Wannan rahoton wani bangare ne na aikin Rahoton Masu Ciniki don taimaka muku samun lafiya, ingantattun magunguna waɗanda ke ba ku mafi darajar kuɗin dala kula da lafiyar ku. Don ƙarin koyo game da aikin da sauran magungunan da muka tantance don sauran cututtuka da halaye, je CRBestBuyDrugs.org.
| Tebur 1. An atedididdige Magungunan Magungunan Atypical Antipsychotic a cikin wannan Rahoton | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Suna na gama gari | Suna na (s) | Na'urar Akwai | FDA ta yarda da yara |
| Aripiprazole | Abilify | A'a | An yarda da amfani da matasa tare da schizophrenia, matasa masu fama da rikice-rikice mai haɗari ko haɗuwa da al'adun mutum, da fushin da ke tattare da autism. |
| Asenapine | Saphris | A'a | A'a |
| Clozapine | Clozaril Fazaclo | Ee | A'a |
| Iloperidone | Fanapt | A'a | A'a |
| Olanzapine | Rariya Zyprexa Zydis | A'a * | An yarda da amfani da matasa tare da schizophrenia, da samari masu fama da rikice-rikice mai rikitarwa ko haɗuwa da al'adun mutum. |
| Paliperidone | Invega | A'a | A'a |
| Quetiapine | Seroquel Seroquel XR | A'a * | An yarda don amfani da shi don kula da yara da cututtukan manic a cikin rikicewar rikicewar cuta, da matasa masu fama da cutar ciwon sikila. |
| Risperidone | Risperdal | Ee | An yarda da amfani da matasa tare da schizophrenia, matasa masu fama da cutar bipolar da aka haɗu ko al'amuran maniyyi, da kuma fushin da ke tattare da autism. |
| Ziprasidone | Geodon | A'a | A'a |
* Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta ba da izini don samfuran samfuran amma babu su a wannan lokacin.
Koma zuwa sama Karanta ƙariTa yaya Atypical Antipsychotics ke aiki kuma Wane ne yake Bukatar su?
Ba a san takamaiman yadda maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ke aiki don taimakawa sauƙaƙe bayyanar cututtuka ba. Amma abin da muka sani shi ne cewa suna shafar matakan sunadarai a cikin kwakwalwa da ake kira neurotransmitters, waɗanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ɗabi'a da san zuciya, da kuma bacci, yanayi, hankali, ƙwaƙwalwa, da kuma koyo. Wannan na iya zama yadda suke rage alamun cututtukan kwakwalwa, kamar su ɗumbin tunani, yaudara, rashin tsari, da hargitsi a cikin schizophrenia da bipolar disorder. Hakanan yana iya bayyana yadda za su iya rage yawan tashin hankali, tashin hankali, da halayyar cutar da kai wanda ke da alaƙa da rikice-rikicen ci gaba da yaɗuwa da rikice-rikicen hali. Amma daga iyakantattun hujjojin da ke akwai, har yanzu ba a san yadda suke yin hakan ba, kuma ko sun ci gaba da aiki har tsawon lokaci.
Yanayin da aka Bi da shi tare da Atypical Antipsychotics
Mafi yawan karatun da ake yi a kan cututtukan cututtukan da ba su dace ba sun mai da hankali ne kan magance cutar rashin lafiya da rashin lafiya. Wasu daga cikin magungunan suna da izinin FDA don magance waɗancan yanayin a cikin yara da matasa har ma da manya. Amma ana amfani da su "lakabin lakabi," wanda ke nufin likitoci sun ba su umarnin magance yanayin da ba a yarda da FDA ba.
Takaddun lakabin da likitoci suka rubuta abu ne na yau da kullun kuma doka ce, kodayake haramun ne ga kamfanonin harhada magunguna su inganta magungunan su don amfanin lakabin. Lissafin da ba a amfani da shi don amfani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin yara ya haɗa da magance rikice-rikicen ci gaban da ke yaɗuwa, kamar su autism da cututtukan Asperger, da kuma rikice-rikicen hali. (Aripiprazole da risperidone an yarda da su ne ga waɗanda ke da cutar ta Autism-bakan, amma sauran magungunan ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwa ba su da.)
Ga dukkan yanayi guda hudu-rashin lafiyar bipolar, schizophrenia, rikice-rikicen ci gaba mai saurin yaduwa, da rikicewar halayyar rikice-rikice - shaidun da ke tallafawa amfani da atypical antipsychotics ta matasa an iyakance shi ga ,an kaɗan, ƙaramin karatun ɗan gajeren lokaci, ba tare da kyakkyawar shaida mai kyau ba -mutumin tasiri da aminci.
Gabaɗaya, karatun da aka yi game da amfani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa. Kimanin yara 1,000 suna da cutar bipolar, 600 suna da rikice-rikicen ci gaba, 640 suna da rikicewar rikice-rikice na hali, kuma ƙasa da 400 suna da schizophrenia.
Akwatin da ke kan sashe na 2 ya nuna waɗanne ƙwayoyi aka yi karatu a cikin yara, kuma ga waɗanne yanayi. Kawai aripiprazole (Abilify), olanzapine (Zyprexa), quetiapine (Seroquel), da risperidone (Risperdal) ne kawai aka yi nazari a kansu a cikin yara masu fama da cutar bipolar. A cikin samari masu fama da cutar rashin lafiya, kawai olanzapine (Zyprexa), quetiapine (Seroquel), da risperidone (Risperdal) an yi nazari. An yi nazarin Aripiprazole (Abilify), olanzapine (Zyprexa), da risperidone (Risperdal) a cikin yara masu fama da matsalar ci gaban jiki, yayin da kawai risperidone (Risperdal) aka yi nazari a cikin yara masu fama da rikice-rikicen hali.
Ga kowane ɗayan waɗannan sharuɗɗan a cikin yara, shaidun da ke kwatanta ɗayan rigakafin tashin hankali zuwa wani yana da iyaka ƙwarai ko babu. An ambaci shaidar fa'ida da cutarwa a ƙasa da yanayin kowane magani.
Schizophrenia
Ba a san yara nawa ke fama da cutar schizophrenia ba saboda yawanci ba a gano cutar har sai sun girma, a cewar Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Hauka ta Kasa. Schizophrenia an gano yara yara yan shekaru 5 amma wannan ba safai ba. Maza yawanci suna fuskantar alamun farko a ƙarshen samartakarsu da farkon zuwa tsakiyar 20s; mata yawanci ana fara gano su a cikin shekarun su na 20 zuwa tsakiyar 30s.
Mutanen da ke da cutar schizophrenia suna fama da rarrabuwa da tunanin tunani, amma akasin yarda da yarda, ba su da halaye da yawa. Za a iya janye su, da tsoro, da damuwa, da fuskantar mafarki da rudu. Kuma suna iya samun babbar matsala haɗuwa da wasu tausayawa.
Mutane da yawa da ke fama da cutar rashin hankali na rayuwa mai ma'ana kuma suna aiki da kyau tare da kulawa mai kyau. Yawancin karatu game da cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya sun mai da hankali ne ga manya masu fama da cutar schizophrenia. An gano su ne don taimakawa wajen rage alamomin, inganta rayuwar, da rage damar mutum ya cutar da kansa ko wasu. Amma karatun da aka yi game da yin amfani da cututtukan kwantar da hankali daga matasa waɗanda aka gano schizophrenia kwanan nan ba su da iyaka.
| Atypical Antipsychotics Karatu a cikin Yara da Matasa, by Disorder | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunan Gaba daya | Sunan Suna | Rikici | |||
| Yaran da ke fama da rashin lafiya | Matasa masu fama da cutar sikilaphrenia | Yaran da ke da rikicewar hali | Yaran da ke fama da rikice-rikicen ci gaba | ||
| Aripiprazole | Abilify | & duba; | & duba; | ||
| Olanzapine | Rariya | & duba; | & duba; | & duba; | |
| Quetiapine | Seroquel | & duba; | & duba; | ||
| Risperidone | Risperdal | & duba; | & duba; | & duba; | & duba; |
& duba; ya nuna cewa an yi karatun likita a matsayin magani ga wannan cuta a cikin yara da / ko matasa. Asenapine (Saphris), Clozpine (Clozaril), iloperidone (Fanapt), paliperidone, da ziprasidone (Geodon) ba a lissafin su saboda ba a yi karatu a cikin yara ba.
Nazarin manya ya nuna cewa kusan rabin waɗanda ke fama da cutar schizophrenia sun sami raguwar mahimmancin alamomin su bayan shan maganin ƙwaƙwalwa. Wasu alamun, kamar tashin hankali, na iya samun sauƙi cikin 'yan kwanaki kaɗan. Sauran, kamar ruɗi da hangen nesa, na iya ɗaukar makonni huɗu zuwa shida don sauƙi. A sakamakon haka, kusan duk mutumin da aka samu da cutar schizophrenia zai karɓi maganin ƙwaƙwalwa.
Amma atypical antipsychotics ba ya aiki ga kowa da kowa. Kimanin kashi 20 cikin ɗari na mutanen da ke fama da cutar schizophrenia ba sa samun wata fa'ida daga gare su, kuma wani kashi 25 zuwa 30 cikin 100 na samun ragin kaɗan ne kawai na alamun.
Studiesananan karatu guda biyu waɗanda kai tsaye suka kwatanta tasirin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa da matasa ke amfani da su tare da schizophrenia ba su sami mahimmancin bambance-bambance tsakanin magungunan da aka gwada ba. Olanzapine (Zyprexa) da quetiapine (Seroquel) suna da irin wannan tasirin akan alamomin bayan watanni shida a cikin ƙaramin binciken matasa wanda ke da sababbin bincike na cutar schizophrenia. Risperidone (Risperdal) da olanzapine (Zyprexa) sun haifar da ci gaba iri ɗaya a cikin alamomin sama da makonni takwas.
Cutar Bipolar
Yawancin mutane da ke fama da cutar ɓarkewar cuta galibi ana ba su ganewar asali a ƙarshen samartakarsu ko farkon 20s. Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Hankali ta kiyasta cewa yanayin ya shafi kasa da kashi 3 cikin 100 na matasa, amma ba a san ainihin yaduwar cutar ba saboda cutar na da wahalar ganowa a cikin yara. Wannan wani bangare ne saboda alamun ba su bayyana sosai a cikin yara fiye da na manya ba, kuma suna iya cikawa tare da wasu yanayin ƙuruciya, kamar su ADHD ko cuta mai rikitarwa.
Alamomin da ke nuna alamun rikicewar ciki sune saurin sauyawa tsakanin yanayi mai tsananin-ko mania-da kuma yanayi mai rauni ƙwarai-ko damuwa. A mafi yawan lokuta, waɗannan tsauraran yanayi suna ɗaukar makonni da yawa. Akwai lokuta da yawa tsakanin-lokaci tare da yanayin “al'ada”. Amma wasu mutanen da ke fama da cutar bipolar na iya samun lokaci inda alamun mania da na ɓacin rai suke a lokaci guda. Wadannan ana kiran su "hadadden" aukuwa.
Ba a amfani da magungunan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar nan.
Nazarin na manya ya gano cewa duk masu maganin tabin hankali na iya taimakawa wajen rage alamun mania na cutar bipolar, tare da kashi 40 zuwa 75 na mutanen da ke fuskantar raguwar alamun. Amma an yi karancin karatu kan tasirin magungunan a kan manya da ke fama da cutar bipolar fiye da na schizophrenia, kuma ma ba su da yawa a tsakanin yara da ke fama da cutar bipolar.
Ga abin da aka sani har yanzu:
Distance Ga-Rankuwa-Abripiprazole (Abilify)
A cikin binciken daya, amsa mai gajeren lokaci-ma'ana kashi 50 ko raguwa mafi girma a cikin alamomin-an gan shi a cikin kashi 45 zuwa 64 na yara da matasa da ke shan aripiprazole bayan makonni huɗu na jiyya idan aka kwatanta da kashi 26 cikin ɗari waɗanda suka ɗauki placebo. Gyara-kusan kusan ƙuduri na bayyanar cututtuka- an sami shi a cikin kashi 25 zuwa 72 na yaran da ke shan aripiprazole idan aka kwatanta da kashi 5 zuwa 32 cikin ɗari akan placebo. Amma a ƙarshen binciken, yaran da ke shan aripiprazole sun ƙididdigar ingancin rayuwarsu fiye da waɗanda aka kula da su da maganin maye.
Quetiapine (Yankin Seroquel)
A cikin wani binciken, kashi 58 zuwa 64 na yara da matasa da ke da cutar mania sun nuna amsa bayan makonni uku na jiyya tare da quetiapine idan aka kwatanta da kashi 37 cikin ɗari waɗanda suka sha maganin maye. An gaji a cikin fiye da rabi waɗanda suka ɗauki quetiapine idan aka kwatanta da kashi 30 a kan placebo.
Lokacin da aka yi amfani da quetiapine tare da wani magani, di-valproex, ta matasa masu fama da cutar mania mai tsanani, kashi 87 cikin 100 sun nuna amsa bayan makonni shida idan aka kwatanta da kashi 53 cikin ɗari waɗanda suka ɗauki divalproex shi kaɗai. A wani binciken da ya kwatanta quetiapine zuwa divalproex a tsakanin matasa masu fama da cutar bipolar, duka magungunan sun haifar da ingantaccen rayuwa a ƙarshen makonni huɗu. An ga kyautatawa a cikin ikon su na zama tare da wasu da kuma kula da halayen su, wanda ke haifar da karancin hargitsi a rayuwar iyali. Kuma iyayen waɗanda ke kan quetiapine sun ce 'ya'yansu sun fi aiki sosai a makaranta, na zamantakewa da na ilimi, kuma suna jin daɗin kansu.
Quetiapine bai fi placebo ba idan ya zo ga lokacin baƙin ciki na rashin lafiyar bipolar. A cikin nazarin matasa 32 tare da wani mummunan halin da ke tattare da rikice-rikicen bipolar, quetiapine bai haifar da ci gaba a alamomin cutar ba ko ingantaccen saurin gafara bayan makonni takwas na jiyya idan aka kwatanta da placebo.
Olanzapine da Risperidone
Wani karamin binciken ya gwada risperidone (Risperdal) da olanzapine (Zyprexa) a cikin yara kanana 31 da ke fama da cutar bipolar wadanda ke nuna alamun rashin lafiya. Magungunan sun nuna irin wannan tasirin a saukaka alamun bayyanar bayan makonni takwas na jiyya. Ana buƙatar babban bincike don tabbatar da waɗannan binciken.
Nazarin matasa da cututtukan mania sun gano cewa kashi 59 zuwa 63 cikin ɗari da suka ɗauki risperidone (Risperdal) tsawon makonni uku sun sami amsa idan aka kwatanta da kashi 26 cikin ɗari waɗanda suka ɗauki placebo. A cikin irin wannan binciken tare da olanzapine (Zyprexa), kashi 49 na matasa da ke shan maganin sun nuna amsa idan aka kwatanta da kashi 22 cikin ɗari waɗanda suka sha maganin. Duk binciken ya kuma gano cewa risperidone da olanzapine sun haifar da ƙarin marasa lafiya da ke fuskantar gafara idan aka kwatanta da placebo.
Cutar Ci Gaban da ke Yawo
Rikicin ci gaban yaɗuwa ya haɗa da cututtukan bambance-bambance na Autism (autism da Asperger syndrome) da kuma cututtukan Rett, cututtukan lalacewar yara, da rashin ci gaban ci gaban jama'a gabaɗaya (wanda ake kira sau da yawa "rikicewar ci gaban ƙwayoyin cuta, ba a fayyace in ba haka ba").
A matsakaici, ɗayan yara 110 a cikin Amurka yana da wasu nau'ikan cututtukan autistic, a cewar Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka. Autism, wanda ya fi dacewa ga yara maza fiye da 'yan mata, yawanci yana bayyana ne kafin shekaru 3. Ba a san dalilin ba. Mutanen da ke da autism suna da matsala game da ma'amala da ma'amala da sadarwa, da kuma nuna jin daɗin juna, kuma galibi suna nuna ƙuntatawa da maimaita halaye, ayyuka, da sha'awa.
Babu magani, amma akwai magunguna da zasu iya taimakawa. Tsarukan ilimi ko shirye-shiryen rayuwa na yau da kullun da aka mai da hankali kan haɓaka ƙwarewa da dabarun sadarwa yawanci ana amfani da su, tare da dabarun-gudanar da halayya da ƙwarewar halayyar fahimta. An ba da izinin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, idan ya cancanta, tare da nufin rage halayyar rikice-rikice, gami da haɓakawa, rashin ƙarfi, zafin rai, da halayyar cutar da kai. Ana iya amfani da wasu magunguna don magance wasu rikice-rikice, kamar damuwa ko damuwa.
Studiesan karatu kaɗan ne suka kalli amfani da maganin ƙwaƙwalwa daga yara da ke da waɗannan larurar. Nazarin mafi girma, wanda ya shafi yara 101 da ke fama da rikice-rikicen ci gaba, ya gano cewa kashi 69 cikin ɗari na waɗanda suka ɗauki risperidone (Risperdal) sun sami “ci gaba sosai” bayan makonni takwas na jiyya idan aka kwatanta da kashi 12 cikin ɗari da suka ɗauki placebo. Risperidone (Risperdal) shine kawai cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa waɗanda aka yi nazari a cikin yara masu zuwa makarantar sakandare da ci gaban ci gaba, amma ba a gano ya fi placebo ba.
Ba a bayyana ba idan fa'idodin risperidone na ƙarshe na dogon lokaci. Evidenceananan shaidu sun nuna cewa bayan watanni huɗu na jiyya, kashi 10 cikin 100 na yaran da suka nuna ci gaba za su daina shan maganin ko dai saboda ba shi da tasiri ko kuma suna fuskantar illa. Wannan ya haifar da sake dawowa-dawo da bayyanar cututtuka zuwa matakin su na farko a cikin kashi 63 cikin ɗari, yayin da kashi 13 cikin ɗari kawai na waɗanda suka ci gaba da shan maganin ƙarin ƙarin watanni biyu suka sake komawa.
A cikin karatu biyu da suka shafi yara 316, waɗanda suka ɗauki aripiprazole (Abilify) ba za su iya cutar da kansu ba ko kuma nuna zalunci ga wasu idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda suka karɓi maganin wuribo. Hakanan basu kasance masu saurin fushi ba, suna da yawan fushin fushi, sun sha wahala daga ƙananan canje-canje na yanayi ko baƙin ciki, kuma basu da saurin yin ihu ko kururuwar da ba ta dace ba.
Akwai wadatattun shaidu kan amfani da olanzapine (Zyprexa) ta yara masu fama da cutar ci gaba. Karatuna biyu ne kawai suka shafi yara kasa da 25 ana samun su. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa olanzapine ya fi wuribo kuma yayi kama da tsofaffin antilochochotic haloperidol (Haldol). Amma saboda ƙananan yaran da aka yi karatu, ana buƙatar yin nazari mai girma don sanin ko waɗancan binciken za a iya amfani da su sosai ga yara da ke fama da rikice-rikicen ci gaba.
Rikice-rikicen Hali
Rikice-rikicen halaye na rikicewa sun haɗa da rikicewar rikicewar adawa, rikicewar hali, da rikicewar rikicewar rikice-rikice na gaba ɗaya (wanda a cikin littattafan likitanci galibi ana kiransa "rikicewar halayyar rikicewa, ba a bayyana haka ba"). Rikicin rikice-rikicen rikice-rikice yana faruwa a kusan 1 zuwa 6 bisa dari na matasa, kuma rikicewar rikitarwa yana faruwa a kusan 1 zuwa 4 bisa dari.
Kwayar cututtukan da aka gani a cikin yara da aka gano tare da rikicewar rikicewar adawa sun haɗa da ƙiyayya, ƙyama, da bijirewa ga hukuma. Yana bayyana kafin shekara 8, kuma yafi yawa ga yara maza. A wasu lokuta, tsananin bayyanar cututtuka na iya ƙaruwa tare da shekaru kuma ya zama mafi halayyar rikicewar ɗabi'a. Yaran da aka bincikar su tare da rikicewar halayyar rikice-rikice galibi ma suna nuna gazawar hankali / rashin ƙarfi (ADHD).
Yaran da ke fama da rikice-rikicen hali suna nuna salon zalunci ga mutane da dabbobi, ɓarnata da / ko satar dukiya, da wasu manyan ƙa'idoji na doka, galibi ba tare da yin nadama ba. Cutar rashin da'a galibi ana gano ta ne kafin shekara 16, kuma ta fi faruwa ga yara maza. Dukkanin rikicewar rikicewar adawa da rikicewar halayen suna haɗuwa da manyan matsaloli masu aiki a gida, a makaranta, kuma, daga baya, a wurin aiki. Yaran da ke fama da rikicewar rikicewar adawa sau da yawa suna fuskantar matsalolin horo a cikin makaranta, kuma galibi suna da matsalolin doka yayin da suka girma.
Yaran da ke da kamanni, amma marasa ƙarfi, halaye na ɗabi'a, idan aka kwatanta su da waɗanda ke da adawa ko rikicewar halayya, ana iya bincikar su da rikicewar halayyar rikice rikice ko rikicewar halayyar rikicewa, ba a bayyana haka ba. Yaran da ke cikin wannan yanayin suna da alaƙa ta hanyar alaƙar mutum da danginsu, da / ko rikicewar makaranta.
Maganin farko na rikice-rikicen halayyar rikice-rikice shine tushen iyali kuma ya haɗa da horon gudanarwa na iyaye. Magungunan magani yana ɗauke da ƙari kuma ana nufin takamaiman alamun bayyanar. A shawarar fara magani, yana da mahimmanci koyaushe la'akari da wasu yanayin da yaron zai iya samu. Misali, magungunan ADHD na iya zama da amfani idan yaron yana da rikice-rikice na halaye da ADHD. A cikin yara da ke fama da rikicewar hali, masu daidaita yanayin, kamar su lithium da valproate, na iya zama masu taimako. An ba da izinin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ga yara tare da rikicewar rikicewar hali don rage tashin hankali da ke tattare da waɗannan yanayin, amma kawai antipsychotics-risperidone da quetiapine ne kawai aka yi nazarin don wannan amfani. Babu magunguna masu ba da tabin hankali da FDA ta yarda da su don magance rikice-rikicen hali.
A cikin nazarin yara tare da alamun rikicewar rikicewar rikicewar hali, waɗanda suka karɓi risperidone sun nuna kusan ninki biyu na saurin ci gaba a cikin halayen halayyar matsala sama da makonni shida zuwa 10 na jiyya idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda suka ɗauki placebo. Kimanin kashi 27 cikin ɗari na yaran da suka ci gaba da shan risperidone na tsawon watanni shida sun sake dawowa idan aka kwatanta da kashi 42 cikin ɗari na yaran da ba su karɓi magunguna ba, amma darajar ci gaba ta ragu a ɓangarorin biyu.
A cikin nazarin matasa tare da alamun halayyar rikicewa da ke buƙatar asibiti, risperidone ya inganta ƙididdigar su gabaɗaya, tare da kashi 21 cikin ɗari da aka tantance a matsayin “mai matukar damuwa ko damuwa sosai” idan aka kwatanta da kashi 84 cikin ɗari da ke shan placebo.
Quetiapine (Seroquel) ba a sami tasiri a cikin haɓaka halayyar tashin hankali da ke tattare da rikicewar ɗabi'a ba. A cikin binciken da ake da shi kawai, quetiapine bai fi placebo ba a rage ta'adi da halayyar motsa jiki a cikin samari tare da rikicewar ɗabi'a da ɗabi'a mai saurin tashin hankali. Daya daga cikin yara tara (kashi 11) ya daina shan magani saboda akathisia, sakamakon illa wanda ke sa mutane su ji kamar ba za su iya zaune tsaye ba. Quetiapine ya fi karfin wuribo akan matakan duniya na ingantuwar bayyanar cututtuka da ingancin rayuwa.
Koma zuwa sama Karanta ƙariTsaro na Atypical Antipsychotics
Atypical antipsychotics na iya haifar da mahimman sakamako masu illa, wanda ke iyakance amfanin su gaba ɗaya. (Duba Table 2, a ƙasa.) Mutane da yawa waɗanda suka fara shan ɗayan ba sa ɗaukar shi na dogon lokaci, koda kuwa ya rage alamomin su, saboda ba za su iya ba ko ba sa so su haƙura da illolin. Bugu da kari, mutanen da ke fama da cutar sikizophrenia da cutar bipolar suna da saurin dakatar da maganin su saboda yanayin cutar su. Wataƙila ba za su iya fahimtar cewa suna da cutar tabin hankali ba, sun ƙi yarda da cewa suna fa'idantar shan magani, sun manta da shan sa, ko kuma daina shan sa yayin da alamun da ke cikin wahala suka sauƙaƙa.
Seriousaya daga cikin mawuyacin sakamako na cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa yana da alaƙa da motsa jiki (extrapyramidal) -tics da girgizar ƙasa wanda yayi kama da cutar Parkinson. Extrapyramidal sakamako masu illa gabaɗaya suna tafi yayin da aka daina amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ko kuma aka saukar da sashi. Amma wani takamaiman motsin motsa jiki da ake kira dyskinesia na tardive zai iya ci gaba tare da ƙarin amfani mai tsawo kuma zai iya ci gaba koda bayan mai haƙuri ya daina shan maganin ƙwaƙwalwar.
Magungunan antipsychotic masu rikitarwa suna haifar da wasu mawuyacin sakamako masu illa, gami da haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 2 na daban, ƙimar nauyi mai nauyi, da ƙwanƙolin ƙwayar cholesterol da matakan triglyceride. Bugu da ƙari, an gano su don haɓaka haɗarin mutuwar wanda bai kai ba, musamman saboda shanyewar jiki, a cikin tsofaffi waɗanda ke da tabin hankali. Wadannan haɗarin an yi nazarin su da farko a cikin manya; illar da ke cikin yara ba ta da cikakkiyar masaniya a wannan lokacin.
| Tebur 2. Tasirin Gefen Haɗuwa da Atypical Antipsychotics | |
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| Orananan zuwa Matsakaicin Tasirin Illolin - Waɗannan na iya sauƙi ko ɓacewa a kan lokaci, ko a rage su idan aka saukar da adadin. Suna tafi lokacin da aka dakatar da maganin. Jerin da ke ƙasa haruffa ne kuma ba cikin mahimmanci, tsanani, ko mita ba. Yawancin mutane suna da fiye da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan tasirin. Amma ƙwarewa tare da, da tsananin, sakamakon illa ya bambanta da yawa ta mutum. | |
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| Hanyoyi masu Tasiri na Musamman - Wadannan na iya buƙatar dakatar da maganin ko sauyawa zuwa wani daban. Sau da yawa ana iya juya su, amma na iya, a wasu yanayi, su zama na dindindin, kuma, a game da agranulocytosis, har ma da barazanar rai. | |
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An haɗu da farko tare da clozapine; ana buƙatar gwajin jini na yau da kullun lokacin shan shi.
Gabaɗaya, kashi 80 zuwa 90 cikin ɗari na manya da ke ɗauke da cututtukan zuciya na kowane nau'i suna da aƙalla sakamako ɗaya na illa; mafi yawa zasu sami fiye da ɗaya. Daga waɗanda ke fuskantar illa:
- Kashi 20 zuwa 30 cikin ɗari zai sami mummunan sakamako ko rashin haƙuri wanda zai iya shafar sa a cikin kwanaki, makonni, ko monthsan watanni.
- Kashi 35 zuwa 45 zasu daina shan maganin cikin watanni shida.
- Kaso 65 zuwa 80 zasu daina shan maganin cikin watanni 12 zuwa 18.
Matsalar tsaro tare da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin yara da matasa
Saboda iyakantaccen karatun yara da samari, ba a san illolin cututtukan da ba su dace ba. Bayanin sakamako na gefe ya bambanta da ƙwayoyi, don haka yayin la'akari ɗayan don yaro, haɗarin kowane takamaiman magani ya kamata a yi la akari da fa'idar da ake samu. Abubuwan da ke tafe sune bayyani game da illar da aka samo a cikin karatun da ya shafi yara da matasa.
Riba mai nauyi
Gainara nauyi shine watakila sakamako mafi rinjaye wanda ke haɗuwa da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa waɗanda yara da matasa ke ɗauka. Risperidone (Risperdal) da aka bayar a ƙananan allurai, alal misali, yana haifar da karɓar nauyin nauyin kimanin fam 4 a cikin yara da ke fama da rikice-rikicen ci gaba ko rikicewar halayyar mutum idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda aka ba wuribo. Har yanzu ba a fayyace ba ko wannan ƙimar nauyi ya daidaita ko ci gaba da ƙaruwa a kan dogon lokaci. Shaidun yanzu suna nuna ci gaba da karɓar nauyi, tare da ƙididdigar fam 4 zuwa 12 a cikin shekara guda kuma har zuwa fam 18 bayan shekaru biyu.
Gainara nauyi shine mawuyacin sakamako mai illa tare da aripiprazole (Abilify). A cikin binciken daya, kashi 15 cikin 100 na yaran da suka ɗauke shi sun sami wadataccen nauyi (aƙalla kashi 7 bisa ɗari sama da fara nauyi) sama da makonni takwas. A wani binciken kuma, kashi 32 cikin 100 na yara sun sami ci gaba mai nauyi yayin aripiprazole. A cikin karatun biyu, yara da ke shan wuribo sun sami wadataccen nauyi. Ko nauyin ci gaba da ke hade da aripiprazole ya ci gaba tsawon lokaci ba a bayyane yake ba saboda babu dogon nazari game da karɓar nauyi tare da ci gaba da magani.
Olanzapine (Zyprexa) shima yana da alaƙa da ƙaruwar jiki, tare da yara masu karɓar fam 7.5 zuwa 9 sama da makonni shida zuwa 10 na jiyya. Studyaya daga cikin binciken ya gano cewa kashi biyu bisa uku na yara sun sami aƙalla kashi 7 cikin 100 fiye da yadda suke farawa. Kamar yadda yake a cikin yanayin aripiprazole (Abilify), ba a samo karatun kan ƙaruwar nauyi ga yara waɗanda ke ci gaba da shan olanzapine na dogon lokaci ba.
| Tebur 3. Riba mai nauyi tare da Atypical Antipsychotics a Yara da Matasa | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Drug | Rarraba nauyi a fam sama da makonni 6 zuwa 8 | ||
| Cutar Ci Gaban Yawo ko Cutar Damawa | Cutar Bipolar | Schizophrenia | |
| Distance Ga-Rankuwa-Abripiprazole (Abilify) | 3-4 | <1 | – |
| Olanzapine (Zyprexa) | 7.5 zuwa 9 | 7.4 | – |
| Quetiapine (Yankin Seroquel) | – | 3 | 4-5 |
| Risperidone (Risperdal) | 4 | 2 | 2 |
Quetiapine yana haifar da ƙimar nauyi. Misali, a cikin wani bincike game da yara masu fama da matsalar tabin hankali, wadanda suka sami quetiapine sun sami kusan fam 3 fiye da waɗanda suka karɓi maganin wuribo.
Matsalar Zuciya da Ciwon suga
Wasu kwayoyi marasa lafiya masu tabin hankali na iya kara yawan cholesterol (LDL da triglycerides). Bugu da kari, wadancan kwayoyi - tare da yiwuwar banda aripiprazole (Abilify) - na iya kara sukarin jini, ko wasu alamomi na ciwon sikari, a cikin wasu yara, ko kuma kara tabarbarewar sarrafa suga ga wadanda ke dauke da ciwon suga.
Ba shi yiwuwa a faɗi yawan haɗarin da kwayoyi ke ƙarawa, ko kuma idan magani ɗaya ya fi na yara muni. Dangane da karatun da aka wallafa, olanzapine (Zyprexa) na iya haifar da ƙaruwa sosai a matakan cholesterol a cikin yara fiye da na manya.
Duk da yake tsarin yanayin zuciya (EKGs) na al'ada ne, binciken daya ya nuna karuwar wucin gadi a cikin zuciya tare da risperidone a cikin makonni biyu na farko na jiyya. Yawan zuciyar mahalarta ya dawo yadda yake bayan sati biyu da jinya.
Halin kashe kansa
A cikin karatun yara da ke shan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa.
An gano magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar wasu magungunan ƙwayoyi, don ƙara wannan haɗarin ga matasa. Saboda aripiprazole (Abilify) da quetiapine (Seroquel) suna raba wasu ayyukan neurotransmitter guda daya a cikin kwakwalwa kamar yadda waɗannan magungunan antidepressant suke, magungunan suna da gargaɗi mai tsanani cewa zasu iya ƙara haɗarin tunanin kashe kai da ɗabi'a, duk da cewa shaidar ba ta bayyana ba.
A cikin manya masu fama da cutar sikizorani, clozapine (Clozaril, Fazaclo ODT) shine kawai kwayar cutar rashin tabin hankali da aka gano don rage haɗarin kashe kansa ko kuma halin kashe kansa. Wannan ba a yi nazari a cikin yara ba.
Sauran Illolin
Nazarin risperidone (Risperdal) sun sami ƙananan ƙananan sakamako masu illa, amma wannan na iya zama saboda ƙarancin allurai da aka yi amfani da su, da gajeren bin. Hannun da ba na al'ada ba da motsi na jiki (alamun bayyanar cututtuka), ba su da yawa a cikin gwaji na gajeren lokaci, amma ana ba da rahoton su fiye da yadda marasa lafiya ke shan placebo.
Risperidone sananne ne wanda ke haifar da ƙara matakan hormone prolactin, wanda ke taimakawa wajen samar da nono bayan ciki. A cikin mata da maza wadanda ba masu juna biyu ba, karin prolactin na iya haifar da girman nono da matsaloli game da aikin jima'i. Nazarin yara ya gano cewa risperidone ya daukaka matakan prolactin, amma babu wanda ya nuna alamu ko alamomi kamar fadada nono. Ba a bayyana ba idan, bayan lokaci, matakan prolactin suka kasance masu ɗaukaka ko suka koma yadda suke.
Sauran cututtukan da ake gani akai-akai tare da aripiprazole (Abilify) fiye da placebo sun hada da bacci, nutsuwa, rawar jiki, tashin zuciya, ko amai. Hakanan ana yawan ganin motsin hannu, kafafu, ko jiki a cikin yara masu shan aripiprazole. Ana buƙatar ci gaba da nazari don sanin idan waɗannan lahanin ya warware, ya kasance mai ɗorewa, ko ya ci gaba cikin lokaci tare da ci gaba da jiyya.
A cikin nazarin yin amfani da quetiapine (Seroquel) wajen kula da matasa masu fama da matsalar rashin ɗabi'a, kashi 11 cikin ɗari na waɗanda ke shan maganin sun daina saboda akathisia, yanayin da mutum yake jin ba shi da nutsuwa, kamar ba za su iya zama ba. In ba haka ba, an yi haƙuri da magani sosai.
Sauran cututtukan da yara masu shan olanzapine suka ruwaito sun haɗa da kwantar da hankali da ƙara ci.
Gabaɗaya, ana ba da rahoton sakamako masu illa sau da yawa tare da olanzapine (Zyprexa) fiye da ko dai quetiapine (Seroquel) ko risperidone (Risperdal). Rigidity ya fi kasancewa a cikin marasa lafiya da aka bi da olanzapine idan aka kwatanta da quetiapine, kuma gajiya ta fi yawa tare da olanzapine idan aka kwatanta da risperidone. Amma yawancin marasa lafiya da ke shan risperidone sun ba da rahoton sakamako mai nasaba da motsi idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ke shan olanzapine.
Koma zuwa sama Karanta ƙariZaɓin Atwayar Magungunan ƙwaƙwalwa na Yara
Saboda karamar shaidar shaida game da amfani da magungunan atypical antipsychotics da yara da matasa, yana da wahala a tantance ƙarancin ingancinsu da amincin su. Kuma babu abin da aka sani game da amincinsu na tsawon lokaci da ingancinsu saboda karatun da ya shafi matasa ya kasance ƙarami da gajere kaɗan.
Don haka ba za mu iya zaɓar Mafi Kyawun sikancin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa don amfani da yara da matasa masu cutar schizophrenia, cututtukan bipolar ba, rikicewar ci gaban da ke yaɗuwa, ko rikicewar halayyar rikice-rikice. Madadin haka, masu ba mu shawara na likitanci sun ba da shawarar cewa iyaye su auna haɗari da fa'idodi sosai. Kammalallen tsarin kulawa da yara ga masu wannan cuta ya kamata ya haɗa da ilimin halayyar halayyar mutum, horarwa game da kula da iyaye da kuma shirye-shiryen ilimi na musamman, tare da duk wani magani mai mahimmanci.
Yanke shawara ko amfani da ɗayan waɗannan magunguna kwata-kwata, kuma idan haka ne, wanene, ya kamata a yi tare da likitan ɗanka kuma ya kamata ya dogara da ƙididdiga masu mahimmanci. Misali, menene alamun alamun yarinku, damuwa, ko raunin rashin lafiya? Shin waɗannan alamun alamun da aka samo magungunan ƙwayoyi don sauƙaƙewa? Shin fa'idodin sun isa ko sunada mahimmanci a gare ku da yaran ku?
Hakanan yakamata kuyi la'akari da farashin magani, wanda zai iya zama babba. Kuma sake nazarin tasirin kwayoyi dangane da tarihin lafiyar ɗanku don tabbatar da dacewa. Wadannan kwayoyi ba suyi karatu sosai game da yara ba game da illolin, don haka kuna buƙatar la'akari da hujjoji daga binciken manya.
Idan ɗanka yana da yanayin haɗin gwiwa - misali, ADHD ko damuwa - ya kamata ka tabbatar an bi da waɗannan. Wannan na iya inganta alamomin ɗanka. Game da cutar bipolar, akwai wasu, ingantattun magunguna da ake da su, kamar lithium, divalproex, da carbamazepine, waɗanda ya kamata a fara gwadawa kafin a yi la’akari da cututtukan da ba su dace ba.
Idan ka yanke shawarar bawa yaronka maganin tabin hankali, muna ba da shawarar amfani da kaso mafi ƙanƙanci don rage yiwuwar illolin. Kuma tabbatar cewa likita na sake yiwa ɗanku lokaci-lokaci don sanin ko maganin har yanzu yana taimakawa kuma yana da mahimmanci.
Koma zuwa sama Karanta ƙariMagana da Likitanka
Bayanin da muke gabatarwa anan ba'a nufin maye gurbin hukuncin likita. Amma muna fatan zai taimaka muku da likitanku don sanin ko maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ya dace.
Ka tuna cewa mutane da yawa ba sa son tattaunawa game da tsadar magani tare da likitansu, kuma binciken ya nuna cewa likitoci ba sa yin la'akari da farashi lokacin da suke ba da magani. Sai dai idan kun kawo shi, likitanku na iya ɗauka cewa tsada ba shi da mahimmanci a gare ku.
Mutane da yawa (gami da likitoci) suna tunanin cewa sababbin magunguna sun fi kyau. Duk da yake wannan tunani ne na dabi'a da za'a yi, ba lallai bane ya zama gaskiya. Karatuttukan koyaushe suna gano cewa yawancin tsofaffin magunguna suna da kyau kamar-kuma a wasu lokuta sun fi sabon magani-sabo. Yi tunanin su a matsayin "waɗanda aka gwada kuma masu gaskiya ne," musamman idan ya zo ga batun amincin su. Sabbin magunguna ba su haɗu da gwajin lokaci ba, kuma matsalolin da ba zato ba tsammani na iya yin amfanin gona da zarar sun shiga kasuwa.
Tabbas, wasu sababbin magungunan likitanci sunfi tasiri da aminci. Yi magana da likitanka game da ƙari da ƙananan abubuwan sabbin magunguna da tsofaffi, gami da ƙwayoyi na gama gari.
Magungunan likita suna “bazuwar” lokacin da lasisin mallakar kamfani a kansu ya lalace, yawanci bayan kimanin shekaru 12 zuwa 15. A wancan lokacin, sauran kamfanoni na iya yin da sayar da maganin.
Abubuwan dabi'un halitta ba su da tsada sosai fiye da sababbin magungunan suna, amma ba ƙananan ƙwararrun magunguna bane. Tabbas, yawancin jinsin halitta suna da amfani shekaru da yawa bayan an fara tallata su. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa fiye da kashi 60 cikin 100 na duk takaddun magani a Amurka a yau an rubuta su ne don ilimin jinsi.
Wani muhimmin batun da za ku yi magana game da likitanku shine adana bayanan magungunan da kuke sha. Akwai dalilai da yawa don wannan:
- Na farko, idan kun ga likitoci da yawa, kowanne ba zai iya sanin maganin da wasu suka rubuta ba.
- Na biyu, tunda mutane sun banbanta game da amsar magani, abu ne na yau da kullun ga likitoci a yau su tsara da yawa kafin su sami wanda yake aiki sosai ko mafi kyau.
- Na uku, mutane da yawa suna shan magunguna daban-daban, magunguna marasa magani, da kuma abubuwan cin abinci a lokaci guda. Zasu iya hulɗa ta hanyoyin da zasu iya rage fa'idodin da kuke samu daga magungunan ko kuma haɗari.
- A ƙarshe, sunayen magungunan ƙwayoyi-duka na gama gari da na zamani-galibi suna da wuyar furtawa da tuna su.
Duk waɗannan dalilan, yana da mahimmanci a adana rubutattun magunguna da abubuwan shan da kuke sha, kuma yin nazari akai-akai tare da likitocin ku.
Kuma koyaushe ka tabbata cewa ka fahimci adadin maganin da aka tsara maka da kuma yawan kwayoyi da ake tsammanin ka sha kowace rana. Ya kamata likitan ku ya gaya muku wannan bayanin. Lokacin da kuka cika takardar sayan magani a kantin magani ko kuma idan kun samo ta ta hanyar wasiƙa, duba don ganin cewa adadin da yawan kwayoyi a kowace rana akan kwandon kwayar sun dace da adadin da likitanku ya gaya muku.
Koma zuwa sama Karanta ƙariYadda muka Tattaunawa game da Ciwon Kai
Ourididdigarmu da farko ya dogara ne da nazarin kimiyya mai zaman kansa na shaidu kan tasiri, aminci, da mummunan tasirin maganin ƙwaƙwalwa.Teamungiyar likitoci da masu bincike a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiya da Kimiyya ta Oregon sun gudanar da bincike a matsayin wani ɓangare na Reviewaddamar da Efwarewar Ingantaccen Magunguna, ko DERP. DERP shine tsari na farko-da-nau'in jihohi da yawa don kimanta tasiri da amincin ɗaruruwan magungunan ƙwayoyi.
Syididdigar nazarin DERP game da maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa shine tushen wannan rahoton. Wani mai ba da shawara ga Rahoton Masu Sayarwa mafi Kyawun Magunguna kuma memba ne na ƙungiyar bincike ta Oregon, wanda ba shi da sha'awar kuɗi ga kowane kamfanin magunguna ko samfur.
Cikakken nazarin DERP na maganin ƙwaƙwalwa yana samuwa a //derp.ohsu.edu/about/final-documentdisplay.cfm. (Wannan doguwar takarda ce mai fasaha wacce aka rubuta don likitoci.)
Rahoton Masu Amfani da Mafi Kyawun Magungunan Magunguna an bayyana su dalla-dalla a cikin Sashin Hanyoyi a CRBestBuyDrugs.org.
Koma zuwa sama Karanta ƙariRaba Wannan Rahoton
Ana iya zazzage wannan rahoton na haƙƙin mallaka kyauta, sake buga shi, da watsa shi don amfanin kowa da kowa ba tare da izini ba daga Rahoton Masu Amfani & circledR; muddin aka danganta shi a fili ga Rahoton Masu Sayayya Mafi Sayayyar Magunguna. ™ Muna ƙarfafa yaɗuwarsa da yawa da kuma manufar sanar da masu sayayya. Amma Rahotan Masu amfani ba ya ba da izinin yin amfani da sunanta ko kayanta don kasuwanci, talla, ko dalilai na talla. Duk wata kungiya da ke da sha'awar yada wannan rahoton to sai ta yi imel [email protected]. Rahotan Masu Sayayya Mafi Kyawun Magunguna ™ alamar kasuwanci ce ta Unionungiyar Masu Amfani. Duk maganganun da aka samo daga kayan yakamata su ambaci Rahotannin Masu Sayayya Mafi Kyawu ™ azaman asalin.
© 2012 Consungiyar Masu Amfani da US Inc.
Koma zuwa sama Karanta ƙariGame da Mu
Unionungiyar Masu Amfani, mawallafin Rahoton Masu Amfani & circledR; mujallar, ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta da ba ta riba ba wanda aikinta tun 1936 shi ne samar wa masu amfani da bayanai ba tare da son kai ba kan kayayyaki da aiyuka da kuma samar da kasuwa mai kyau. Gidan yanar gizon yanar gizo ne www.CRBestBuyDrugs.org. Yanar gizon mujallar ConsumerReports.org.
Wadannan kayan sun samu damar ne daga wani tallafi daga Babban Kwamishinan Babban Mai Amfani da Ba da Tallafi na Ilimin Ilimi, wanda aka samar da shi ta hanyar sasantawa da yawa game da ikirarin masu damfara da yaudara game da tallar maganin da ake ba da magani na Neurontin.
Gidauniyar ta Engelberg ta bayar da babban tallafi don daukar nauyin kirkirar aikin daga 2004 zuwa 2007. Additionalarin kuɗin farko ya fito ne daga Libraryakin Karatun Magunguna na Nationalasa, wani ɓangare na Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na Nationalasa. Akwai cikakken bayanin aikin game a CRBestBuyDrugs.org.
Mun bi tsarin edita mai wuyar gaske don tabbatar da cewa bayanin da ke cikin wannan rahoton da kuma a kan Yanar Gizo Mafi Sayayyar Magungunan Magunguna daidai ne kuma ya bayyana ayyukan asibiti da aka yarda da su gaba ɗaya. Idan mun sami kuskure ko kuma an faɗakar da mu ɗaya za mu gyara shi da sauri-wuri. Amma Rahoton Masu Amfani da marubutan, editoci, masu wallafawa, masu lasisi, da masu kawowa ba za su iya ɗaukar alhakin kurakuran likita ko rashi ba, ko kuma duk wani sakamako daga amfani da bayanin a wannan rukunin yanar gizon. Da fatan za a koma ga yarjejeniyar mai amfani a CRBestBuyDrugs.org don ƙarin bayani.
Rahotan Masu Sayayya Mafi Kyawun Magunguna bai kamata a kalle su a matsayin madadin shawarwari tare da ƙwararren likita ko kiwon lafiya ba. Ana ba da wannan rahoton da bayanin akan CRBestBuyDrugs.org don haɓaka sadarwa tare da likitanku maimakon maye gurbinsa.
Koma zuwa sama Karanta ƙariBayani
- Abubuwan J, Winkler J, Jandrisevits MD, Apps J, Winkler J, Jandrisevits MD. Cutar rashin lafiya: cututtuka da magani a cikin yara da matasa. Ma'aikatan Kula da Yara. 2008; 34 (1): 84-8.
- Arango C, Robles O, Parellada M, Fraguas D, Ruiz-Sancho A, Medina O, Zabala A, Bombin I, Moreno D. Olanzapine idan aka kwatanta da quetiapine a cikin samari tare da wani abu na farko da ya shafi tunanin mutum. Eur Yaron Yara Ilimin Hauka. 2009; 18 (7): 418-28.
- Barzman DH, DelBello MP, Adler CM, Stanford KE, Strakowski SM. Amfani da haƙuri na quetiapine tare da divalproex don maganin rashin ƙarfi da tashin hankali mai saurin tasiri a cikin samari tare da rikicewar rikicewar rikice-rikice da rikicewar rikice-rikice (s). Littafin Jarida na Yara da Yara Psychopharmacology. 2006; 16 (6): 665-70.
- Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka. Yaɗuwar Cutar Abun Cutar Autism-Autism da Cibiyoyin Kula da Raunin Raunin abilitiesarfafawa, Amurka, 2006. MMWR. 2009; 58 (SS10): 1-20.
- Correll CU, Manu P, Olshanskiy V, Napolitano B, Kane JM, Malhotra AK. Hadarin cututtukan zuciya na ƙarni na biyu na magungunan antipsychotic yayin amfani da farko a cikin yara da matasa. Jaridar Medicalungiyar Likitocin Amurka. 28 Oktoba 2009. 302 (16): 1765-1773.
- Cummings CM, Fristad MA, Cummings CM, Fristad MA. Cutar rashin lafiyar yara: Sanin kulawa ta farko. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2008; 20 (5): 560-5.
- Neman RI, McNamara NK, Branicky LA, Schluchter MD, Lemon E, Blumer JL. Nazarin matukin jirgi mai makafi biyu na risperidone don magance rikicewar hali. Jaridar Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimin Yara da Yara ta Amurka. 2000; 39 (4): 509-16.
- Binciko RL, Nyilas M, Forbes RA, McQuade RD, Jin N, Iwamoto T, Ivanova S, Carson WH, Chang K. Mahimmancin maganin cututtukan yara na yara na rashin lafiya, mai rauni ko haɗuwa, tare da aripiprazole: Bazuwar, makafi biyu, nazarin wuribo. Jaridar Clinical Psychiatry. 2009; 70 (10): 1441-51.
- Goldstein BI. Cutar rashin lafiyar yara: Fiye da matsalar saurin fushi. Ilimin likitan yara. 2010; 125 (6): 1283-5.
- Haas M, Delbello MP, Pandina G, Kushner S, Van Hove I, Augustyns I, Quiroz J, Kusumakar V. Risperidone don kula da cutar mania mai tsanani a cikin yara da matasa da ke fama da cutar bipolar: Wani baƙi, makafi biyu, mai sarrafa wuribo karatu. Ciwon Bipolar. 2009; 11 (7): 687-700.
- Hazell P, Williams R, Hazell P, Williams R. Binciken edita: Sauya ra'ayoyi game da rikice-rikicen yara da rikice-rikicen ci gaba. Curr Opin Lafiya. 2008; 21 (4): 328-31.
- Luby J, Mrakotsky C, Stalets MM, Belden A, Heffelfinger A, Williams M, Spitznagel E. Risperidone a cikin yara kanana da ke fama da cututtukan bambance-bambance na autistic: Bincike kan aminci da inganci. Littafin Jarida na Yara da Yara Psychopharmacology. 2006; 16 (5): 575-87.
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- McCracken JT, et al. Risperidone a cikin yara tare da autism da kuma matsalolin halayya masu tsanani. New England Jaridar Magunguna. 2002; 347 (5): 314-21.
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- Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Hauka. Schizophrenia. Akwai a nimh.nih.gov/statistics/ 1SCHIZ.shtml. An shiga Maris 10, 20011.
- Researchungiyoyin Bincike a kan Psychoungiyar Sadarwar Psychowararrun Autwararrun Autwararrun Autism. Maganin Risperidone na rikicewar autistic: Fa'idodi na dogon lokaci da katsewar makanta bayan watanni 6. Jaridar American Journal of Psychiatry. 2005; 162 (7): 1361-9.
- Seeman P. Atypical antipsychotics: Tsarin aikin. Shin J Zuciya. 2002 Feb; 47 (1): 27-38.
- Snyder R, Turgay A, Aman M, Binder C, Fisman S, Carroll A. Hanyoyin risperidone kan ɗabi'a da rikice-rikicen halin ɗabi'a a cikin yara tare da IQs masu haɓaka. Jaridar Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimin Yara da Yara ta Amurka. 2002; 41 (9): 1026-36.
Lura: Idan akwatin farashin ya ƙunshi a , Wannan yana nuna kashi na wannan magani mai yiwuwa akwai don ƙimar kuɗi na wata ta hanyar shirye-shiryen ragi da manyan shagunan sarkar ke bayarwa. Misali, Kroger, Sam's Club, Target, da Walmart suna ba da kyautar wata guda na zaɓaɓɓun ƙwayoyi na dala 4 ko na watanni uku akan $ 10. Sauran shagunan sarkar, kamar Costco, CVS, Kmart, da Walgreens, suna ba da irin waɗannan shirye-shiryen. Wasu shirye-shiryen suna da ƙuntatawa ko kuɗin membobinsu, don haka bincika cikakkun bayanai a hankali don ƙuntatawa kuma don tabbatar da an rufe magungunan ku.
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Abubuwan da ke haifar da Kibba da Yadda Ake Magance Su
