Lewy dementia: menene, alamu da yadda ake magance su

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali
• Yadda ake yin maganin

Rashin lafiyar jiki na Lewy, wanda aka fi sani da babban cuta mai rauni ko rashin fahimta tare da jikin Lewy, cuta ce ta ƙwaƙwalwa da ke shafar yankuna masu alhakin ayyuka kamar ƙwaƙwalwa, tunani da motsi, kuma ya samo asali ne daga tarin sunadarai, waɗanda aka sani da jikin Lewy, a cikin kwakwalwar kwakwalwa.

Wannan cutar tana bayyana tare da tsufa, kasancewar sunfi kowa yawan shekaru sama da 60, kuma yana haifar da alamomi irin su hallucinations, yawan ci gaban ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da wahalar tattarowa, gami da rawar jiki da taurin kai, ana ɗaukarsu a matsayin na biyu mafi yawan cututtukan lalata jiki, bayan Alzheimer's.

Kodayake babu magani ga cutar rashin lafiyar jikin Lewy, yana yiwuwa a gudanar da magani da kuma kula da alamun, ta amfani da magungunan da likita ya jagoranta, kamar Quetiapine ko Donepezila, alal misali, waɗanda ke sauƙaƙa wasu alamun, ban da saka hannun jari a maganin jiki da maganin aiki. Ta wannan hanyar, mutum na iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru tare da iyakar independenceancin kai da ingancin rayuwa.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Lalacewar jiki ta Lewy yana da alamun bayyanar da ke bayyana a hankali, kuma sannu a hankali ƙara muni. Babban su ne:

• Rashin ikon tunani, da ake kira ayyukan haɓaka, kamar ƙwaƙwalwa, tattara hankali, hankali, sadarwa da yare;
• Rikicewar hankali da rikicewa, wancan yana daidaita tsakanin lokacin rikicewar rikicewa da lokutan da suka fi shuru;
• Rawar jiki da taurin kai, da aka sani da Parkinsonism, saboda suna kwaikwayon motsin Parkinson;
• Kayayyakin kallo, wanda mutum yake ganin abubuwan da babu su, kamar dabbobi ko yara, misali;
• Matsalar tantance nisa, wanda ake kira canje-canje na visospatial, wanda zai iya haifar da faɗuwa akai-akai;
• Canje-canje a cikin barcin REM, wanda zai iya bayyana kanta tare da motsi, magana ko kururuwa yayin bacci.

Gabaɗaya, canje-canje a cikin ƙwarewar ƙwaƙwalwa suna bayyana da farko, kuma yayin da cutar ta ci gaba, canje-canje a motsi suna bayyana, kuma rikicewar hankali ya zama mafi tsanani. Hakanan abu ne na yau da kullun don fuskantar alamun alamun canjin yanayi, kamar baƙin ciki da rashin son rai.

Saboda irin wannan alamun, wannan cuta na iya zama kuskure ga Alzheimer ko Parkinson's. Har yanzu babu wani sanannen sanadin cutar Lewy Body Dementia, don haka kowa na iya kamuwa da wannan cutar, kodayake kamar ya fi zama ruwan dare ga maza sama da 60.

Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali

Ganewar tabin hankali tare da jikin Lewy ana yin sa ne ta hanyar likitan jijiya, geriatrician ko psychiatrist, bayan cikakken kimantawa game da alamomin, tarihin iyali da gwajin jiki.

Kodayake wasu gwaje-gwajen hotunan, kamar su abin da aka lissafa ko hoton maganadisu, na iya taimakawa wajen gano lalacewar wasu sassan kwakwalwa, sun kasa gano jikin Lewy, wanda ana iya ganinsa bayan mutuwa. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da ma'aunin kimantawa don kimanta canjin canjin ikon fahimta.

Ta wannan hanyar, likita zai banbanta wannan cutar da wasu masu irin wannan alamomin, kamar su Alzheimer da Parkinson, kuma ya nuna magani mafi dacewa.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Tun da babu magani don lalatawar tare da jikin Lewy, ya kamata kulawa ta hanyar likitan jiji, geriatrician ko likitan hauka don sauƙaƙe alamun bayyanar kowane mutum da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwar mai ɗauka.

Don haka manyan nau'ikan maganin sun hada da:

• Magungunan antipsychotic, kamar su Quetiapine ko Olanzapine: suna ba da damar rage yawan yawan yawan tunani, amma, suna iya haifar da lahani da yawa ko ɓata yanayin mutum gabaɗaya, sabili da haka, idan aka yi amfani da su, dole ne likita ya tantance su koyaushe;
• Magunguna don ƙwaƙwalwa, kamar su Donepezila ko Rivastigmine: ƙara samar da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin kwakwalwa, wanda zai iya inganta natsuwa, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da rage bayyanar mafarki da sauran matsalolin ɗabi'a;
• Magunguna don inganta ƙwarewar motsa jiki, kamar su Carbidopa da Levodopa, waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai a cikin cututtukan Parkinson: suna rage alamomin motsa jiki kamar rawar jiki, taurin tsoka ko kuma saurin motsi. Koyaya, hangen nesa da rikicewa na iya kara muni, sabili da haka ana iya haɗuwa da magunguna don ƙwaƙwalwa;
• Magungunan maganin damuwa, kamar su Sertraline ko Citalopam: ana amfani dasu don haɓaka alamun bayyanar cututtuka, ƙari ga taimakawa wajen sarrafa halayya da daidaita bacci;
• Jiki: yana taimakawa wajen kula da ƙarfin tsoka da sassauci, ban da inganta ƙarfin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tare da nau'o'in motsa jiki iri-iri;
• Maganin aiki: yana da matukar mahimmanci a taimaka a ci gaba da samun 'yanci, koyawa mutum yin ayyukan yau da kullun tare da sabbin iyakokin su.

Bugu da kari, don taimakawa magance alamun alamun yawan baƙin ciki, damuwa ko tashin hankali, mai kula zai iya amfani da sauran hanyoyin magance magunguna kamar aromatherapy, maganin kiɗa ko tausa, misali.

Hakanan ana ba da shawarar yin motsa jiki don kiyaye ƙwaƙwalwa mai aiki, guje wa shan sigari da ɗaukar lafiyayyiya da daidaitaccen abinci, ba da fifiko ga 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari. Duba wasu motsa jiki da zasu baku damar kiyaye kwakwalwar ku.