Alamomin Ciwon Mara

Wadatacce

• Alzheimer da lalata
• Menene alamun yau da kullun da alamun farko na rashin hankali?
• Menene nau'ikan cutar tabin hankali?
• Rashin lafiyar jiki Lewy (LBD)
• Lalacewar ƙwayoyi
• Dwayar ƙwaƙwalwa
• Rashin hankali na rashin daidaito
• Kwayar cutar rashin tabin hankali
• Ci gaban rashin hankali
• Rashin hankali na farko
• Rashin hankali na sakandare
• Mixed hauka
• Kwayar cututtukan Alzheimer
• Ciwon Alzheimer mai sauƙi
• Matsakaicin cutar Alzheimer
• Tsananin cutar Alzheimer
• Takeaway

Menene rashin hankali?

Rashin hankali ba ainihin cuta bane. Isungiya ce ta bayyanar cututtuka. "Dementia" kalma ce ta gama gari don canjin halayya da asarar ikon tunani.

Wannan koma baya - gami da matsalar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da matsaloli tare da tunani da yare - na iya zama mai tsananin isa don dagula rayuwar yau da kullun.

Cutar Alzheimer ita ce sananniyar sananniyar nau'in rashin hankali.

Alzheimer da lalata

Mutane da yawa suna amfani da kalmomin "cutar Alzheimer" da "rashin hankali" tare, amma wannan ba daidai bane. Kodayake cutar Alzheimer ita ce mafi yawan cututtukan hauka, ba duk wanda ke da cutar mantuwa ne ke da cutar Alzheimer ba:

• Rashin hankali cuta ce ta ƙwaƙwalwa wanda ke tasiri tasirin mutum na sadarwa da aiwatar da ayyukan yau da kullun.
• Alzheimer ta cuta wani nau'i ne na larurar hankali wanda ke da tasiri a ɓangarorin kwakwalwa waɗanda ke sarrafa ikon mutum na yin tunani, tuno, da sadarwa tare da yare.

Menene alamun yau da kullun da alamun farko na rashin hankali?

Manyan alamu da alamun cutar rashin hankali sun haɗa da wahala tare da:

• ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
• sadarwa
• harshe
• mayar da hankali
• tunani
• hangen nesa

Alamun farko na cutar mantuwa sun hada da:

• asarar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na gajeren lokaci
• wahalar tunawa da takamaiman kalmomi
• rasa abubuwa
• manta suna
• matsaloli yayin gudanar da ayyukanda suka saba dasu kamar girki da tuki
• talakawa hukunci
• canjin yanayi
• rikicewa ko rikicewa a cikin wuraren da ba a sani ba
• paranoia
• rashin iya aiki da yawa

Menene nau'ikan cutar tabin hankali?

Za a iya rarraba tabin hankali ta hanyoyi daban-daban. An tsara waɗannan rukunan don rukuni na rukuni waɗanda ke da wasu sifofi iri ɗaya, kamar su ci gaba ko a'a kuma waɗanne ɓangarorin kwakwalwa ne abin ya shafa.

Wasu nau'ikan tabin hankali sun dace da fiye da ɗaya daga waɗannan rukunan. Misali, cututtukan Alzheimer ana ɗaukarsu duka ci gaba da kuma lalatawar jijiyoyin jiki.

Anan ga wasu rukuni mafi yawan amfani dasu da alamominsu masu alaƙa.

Rashin lafiyar jiki Lewy (LBD)

Rashin lafiyar jiki na Lewy (LBD), wanda ake kira rashin hankali tare da jikin Lewy, ana haifar da shi ne ta hanyar abubuwan gina jiki da aka fi sani da jikin Lewy. Wadannan adibas din suna ci gaba a cikin kwayoyin jijiyoyi a sassan kwakwalwa wadanda suke cikin tunani, motsi, da tunani.

Kwayar cutar ta LBD ta hada da:

• hangen nesa na gani
• tafiyar hawainiya
• jiri
• rikicewa
• ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
• rashin kulawa
• damuwa

Lalacewar ƙwayoyi

Wannan lokacin yana nufin tsarin cuta wanda yafi shafar ƙwayoyin cuta na layin waje na kwakwalwa (cortex). Rashin hankali na ƙwayoyin cuta suna haifar da matsaloli tare da:

• ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
• harshe
• tunani
• halayyar jama'a

Dwayar ƙwaƙwalwa

Wannan nau'in tabin hankali na shafar sassan kwakwalwar da ke karkashin kwayar cutar. Ementwaƙuwa mai saurin juyowa yana haifar da:

• canje-canje a cikin motsin rai
• canje-canje a cikin motsi
• jinkirin tunani
• wahalar farawa ayyuka

Rashin hankali na rashin daidaito

Rashin hankali na gabancin jiki yana faruwa yayin da ɓangarorin gaba da na lobes na ƙwaƙwalwar atrophy (ƙyama). Alamomi da alamomin cutar mantuwa ta gaban jiki sun hada da:

• rashin kulawa
• rashin hanawa
• rashin hukunci
• asarar ƙwarewar ma'amala
• matsalolin magana da yare
• jijiyoyin tsoka
• rashin daidaito
• wahalar haɗiye

Kwayar cutar rashin tabin hankali

Sakamakon lalacewar kwakwalwa daga lalacewar jini zuwa kwakwalwarka, alamun cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa sun haɗa da:

• matsalar tattara hankali
• rikicewa
• ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
• rashin natsuwa
• rashin kulawa

Ci gaban rashin hankali

Kamar yadda sunan yake nunawa, wannan nau'ine na rashin hankali wanda ke taɓarɓarewa lokaci. A hankali yana tsangwama tare da iyawar fahimta kamar:

• tunani
• tunawa
• tunani

Rashin hankali na farko

Wannan hauka ne wanda baya haifar da wata cuta. Wannan ya bayyana yawan lalata da suka hada da:

• Lawancin Lewy
• rashin lafiyar gaba
• jijiyoyin bugun jini

Rashin hankali na sakandare

Wannan rashin hankali ne wanda ke faruwa sakamakon cuta ko rauni na jiki, kamar rauni na kai da cututtuka ciki har da:

• Cutar Parkinson
• Cutar Huntington
• Creutzfeldt-Jakob cuta

Mixed hauka

Mixed hauka ne mai hade da biyu ko fiye iri na gigin-tsufa. Alamun cututtukan mahaukaci sun banbanta dangane da nau'ikan canje-canje ga kwakwalwa kuma yankin ƙwaƙwalwar da ke fuskantar waɗancan canje-canje. Misalan cututtukan hauka na gama gari sun haɗa da:

• lalata jijiyoyin jini da cutar Alzheimer
• Gawarwakin Lewy da cutar kwayar cutar Parkinson

Kwayar cututtukan Alzheimer

Ko da don irin nau'in rashin hankali, alamun cututtuka na iya bambanta daga haƙuri zuwa haƙuri.

Kwayar cutar yawanci ci gaba ne akan lokaci. Misali, alamomin da ke tattare da cutar Alzheimer (AD) galibi ana bayyana su a matakai, ko kuma matakai, wadanda ke wakiltar ci gaba, yanayin lalacewar cutar.

Ciwon Alzheimer mai sauƙi

Baya ga asarar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, alamun cututtukan asibiti na farko zasu iya haɗawa da:

• rikicewa game da wurin yawanci sanannun wurare
• shan dogon lokaci don aiwatar da ayyukan yau da kullun
• matsalar magance kuɗi da biyan kuɗi
• rashin kyakkyawan hukunci da ke haifar da yanke hukunci mara kyau
• asarar kwatsam da ma'anar himma
• yanayi da canjin hali da ƙara damuwa

Matsakaicin cutar Alzheimer

Yayinda cutar ke ci gaba, ƙarin alamun asibiti na iya haɗawa da:

• ƙara yawan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da rikicewa
• gajarta hankali
• matsalolin gane abokai da danginsu
• wahala tare da yare
• matsaloli tare da karatu, rubutu, ko aiki tare da lambobi
• wahalar tsara tunani da tunani mai ma'ana
• rashin iya koyan sababbin abubuwa ko jimre da sababbin yanayi ko abubuwan da ba zato ba tsammani
• fitowar da bata dace ba na fushi
• matsalolin motsa jiki (kamar matsalar sauka daga kujera ko saita tebur)
• maimaita maganganu ko motsi, rawanin tsoka lokaci-lokaci
• mafarki, yaudara, shakku ko rashin hankali, rashin hankali
• asarar iko (kamar cire sutura a lokacin da bai dace ba ko wurare ko amfani da munanan kalamai)
• tsanantawar alamun halayya, kamar rashin nutsuwa, tashin hankali, tashin hankali, hawaye, da yawo - musamman ma da yammacin rana ko yamma, wanda ake kira “faduwar rana.”

Tsananin cutar Alzheimer

A wannan gaba, ana iya ganin alamu da tangle (alamun AD) a cikin kwakwalwa lokacin da aka duba ta amfani da dabarar ɗaukar hoto da ake kira MRI. Wannan shine matakin karshe na AD, kuma alamun bayyanar na iya haɗawa da:

• rashin iya gane dangi da ƙaunatattu
• asarar hankalin kai
• rashin iya sadarwa ta kowace hanya
• asarar mafitsara da kula da hanji
• asarar nauyi
• kamuwa
• cututtukan fata
• karin bacci
• cikakken dogaro ga wasu don kulawa
• wahalar haɗiye

Takeaway

Ba duk mutanen da ke da cutar hauka ke fuskantar alamomin iri ɗaya ba. Mafi yawan alamun cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa sune wahala tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, sadarwa, da ƙwarewar fahimta.

Daban-daban nau'ikan tabin hankali suna da dalilai daban-daban, kuma suna shafar ayyuka daban-daban na tunani, halayya, da na zahiri.

Cutar Alzheimer, mafi yawan nau'in lalata, yana ci gaba, tare da bayyanar cututtuka da ke taɓarɓarewar lokaci.

Idan kai ko ƙaunatattunka suna fuskantar matsaloli tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, wahalar aiwatar da ayyukanda suka saba, ko yanayi ko canjin hali, yi magana da mai baka kiwon lafiya.

Da zarar kun sami cikakken ganewar asali, zaku iya bincika zaɓuɓɓuka don magani.