Lymphocytes: menene su kuma me yasa za'a canza su

Wadatacce

• Canjin lymphocytes
• 1. High lymphocytes
• 2. lyananan lymphocytes
• Nau'in lymphocytes
• Menene lymphocytes masu ruɗu?

Lymphocytes wani nau'in kwayar halitta ne na kariya a cikin jiki, wanda aka fi sani da farin ƙwayoyin jini, waɗanda ake kera su da yawa lokacin da akwai kamuwa da cuta, sabili da haka kyakkyawan alama ne na lafiyar mai haƙuri.

Yawancin lokaci, ana iya tantance yawan ƙwayoyin lymphocytes ta hanyar gwajin jini, kuma idan aka faɗaɗa su, yawanci alama ce ta kamuwa da cuta kuma, sabili da haka, ana ba da shawarar a tuntuɓi babban likita don gano matsalar kuma a fara maganin da ya dace.

Canjin lymphocytes

Referenceididdigar ƙa'idodi na yau da kullun don lymphocytes suna tsakanin 1000 zuwa 5000 lymphocytes a kowace mm³ na jini, wanda ke wakiltar 20 zuwa 50% a cikin ƙididdigar dangi, kuma yana iya bambanta bisa ga dakin binciken da aka yi gwajin. Lokacin da ƙimomin suke sama ko belowasa da ƙimar maimaitawa, ana nuna hoton lymphocytosis ko lymphopenia, bi da bi.

1. High lymphocytes

Yawan lymphocytes da ke sama da ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ana kiransa lymphocytosis kuma yawanci yana da alaƙa da tafiyar matakai na cututtuka. Don haka, manyan dalilan babban lymphocytes sune:

• Cutar da ke saurin kamuwa, kamar su mononucleosis, polio, kyanda, rubella, dengue ko tari, alal misali;
• Cututtuka na yau da kullun, irin su tarin fuka, zazzabin cizon sauro;
• Kwayar cutar hepatitis;
• Ciwon hawan jini;
• Anemia mai ciwo, wanda ke dauke da rashi na folic acid da bitamin B12;
• Guba ta benzene da ƙarfe masu nauyi;
• Ciwon suga;
• Kiba;
• Allergy.

Bugu da kari, karuwar adadin lymphocytes shima na iya faruwa saboda yanayin ilimin lissafi, kamar mata masu ciki da jarirai, baya ga karancin abinci mai gina jiki, kamar su bitamin C, D ko karancin alli.

2. lyananan lymphocytes

Adadin lymphocytes da ke ƙasa da ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ana kiransa lymphopenia kuma yawanci yana da alaƙa da yanayin da ke tattare da ɓarke ​​na ƙashi, kamar su aplastic anemia ko leukemia, misali. Bugu da kari, lymphopenia shima na iya zama wata alama ta cututtukan cikin jiki, wanda jiki da kansa yake aiki da tsarin garkuwar jiki, kamar systemic lupus erythematosus, misali (SLE).

Lymphopenia har yanzu na iya faruwa saboda cutar kanjamau, maganin rigakafin rigakafin rigakafi ko jiyyar cutar kanjamau ko maganin radiotherapy, cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin faruwa, ko kuma sakamakon yanayin damuwa, kamar aikin bayan gida da wuce gona da iri, misali.

Nau'in lymphocytes

Akwai manyan nau'ikan lymphocytes guda 2 a jiki, B lymphocytes, wadanda sune kwayayen da basu balaga ba wadanda aka samar dasu a cikin kasusuwan kasusuwa kuma aka sakasu cikin jini domin samar da kwayoyin kariya daga kwayoyin cuta, virus da fungi, da kuma T lymphocytes, wadanda ake samar dasu a cikin kashin kashin. amma wanda ke bunkasa a cikin kumburin har sai sun kasu kashi uku:

• Kwayoyin CD4 T: suna taimaka B lymphocytes don kawar da cututtuka, kasancewar faɗakarwa ta farko game da tsarin garkuwar jiki. Wadannan yawanci sune farkon ƙwayoyin da cutar ta HIV ta shafa, kuma a cikin marasa lafiya masu cutar gwajin jini yana nuna ƙimar da ke ƙasa da 100 / mm³.
• CD8 T masu kyan gani: rage ayyukan sauran nau'ikan lymphocytes kuma, sabili da haka, ana ƙaruwa game da cutar HIV;
• Cytotoxic T ƙwayoyin lymphocytes: lalata ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke cutar da ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta.

Koyaya, gwaje-gwajen nau'in lymphocytes, musamman na CD4 ko CD8, dole ne koyaushe likita ya fassara su don kimantawa idan akwai yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar kanjamau, misali, tunda sauran cututtuka suma suna iya haifar da irin wannan canje-canjen.

Don haka, idan akwai wata shakku game da kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV, yana da kyau a yi gwajin gwaji wanda ke neman ƙwayar cuta a cikin ƙwayoyin jiki. Learnara koyo game da gwajin kanjamau.

Menene lymphocytes masu ruɗu?

Atypical lymphocytes lymphocytes ne waɗanda ke gabatar da wani nau'i daban-daban kuma suna bayyana koyaushe idan akwai cututtuka, galibi cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, irin su mononucleosis, herpes, AIDS, rubella da chickenpox. Baya ga bayyanar cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, ana iya gano lymphocytes masu haɗari a cikin ƙididdigar jini lokacin da akwai ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta, irin su tarin fuka da syphilis, kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar kwayar cuta, kamar su toxoplasmosis, lokacin da ake da lahani ga magunguna ko kuma cikin cututtukan autoimmune, kamar yadda yake a lupus.

Yawancin lokaci yawan waɗannan ƙwayoyin lymphocytes suna komawa zuwa al'ada (ƙimar magana game da ƙwayoyin lymphocytes marasa ƙarfi shine 0%) lokacin da aka kawar da wakilin da ke haifar da kamuwa da cutar.

Wadannan lymphocytes ana daukar su azaman kwayar cutar lymphocytes T wadanda aka samar a matsayin amsa ga kwayar cutar lymphocytes da ke dauke da cutar kuma suna yin ayyuka iri daya kamar na lymphocytes na al'ada a cikin amsawar garkuwar jiki. Atypical lymphocytes sunfi girma fiye da na lymphocytes na al'ada kuma sun bambanta cikin sifa.