Gaskiya Game da rigakafin MMR

Wadatacce

• Abin da allurar rigakafin MMR ke yi
• Kyanda
• Pswazo
• Rubella (kyanda na Jamusanci)
• Wanene ya kamata ya sami rigakafin MMR?
• Wanene bai kamata ya sami rigakafin MMR ba
• Alurar rigakafin MMR da autism
• Sakamakon sakamako na rigakafin MMR
• Ara koyo game da MMR

Alurar rigakafin MMR: Abin da kuke buƙatar sani

Allurar rigakafin MMR, wacce aka bullo da ita a Amurka a shekarar 1971, na taimaka wajan hana rigakafin kyanda, da kumburi, da kyanda (kyanda na Jamus). Wannan rigakafin ya kasance babban ci gaba a yaƙin don hana waɗannan cututtukan masu haɗari.

Koyaya, rigakafin MMR ba baƙo ba ne ga rikici. A cikin 1998, wanda aka buga a The Lancet ya alakanta allurar rigakafin da mummunan haɗarin lafiya ga yara, gami da autism da cututtukan hanji mai kumburi.

Amma a cikin 2010, mujallar da ke nazarin, ta ambaci ayyukan rashin da'a da kuma bayanan da ba daidai ba. Tun daga wannan lokacin, yawancin binciken bincike sun nemi haɗi tsakanin rigakafin MMR da waɗannan sharuɗɗan. Babu haɗin da aka samo.

Ci gaba da karatu don ƙarin koyo game da alurar rigakafin MMR.

Abin da allurar rigakafin MMR ke yi

Alurar rigakafin MMR tana kariya daga manyan cututtuka guda uku: kyanda, kumburi, da rubella (kyanda na Jamusawa). Duk waɗannan cututtukan guda uku na iya haifar da rikitarwa ga lafiyar jiki. A cikin al'amuran da ba safai ba, har ma suna iya kaiwa ga mutuwa.

Kafin fitowar rigakafin, wadannan cututtukan suna Amurka.

Kyanda

Kwayar cutar kyanda sun hada da:

• kurji
• tari
• hanci mai zafin gaske
• zazzaɓi
• farin tabo a cikin bakin (tabon Koplik)

Kyanda na iya haifar da ciwon huhu, cututtukan kunne, da lalata kwakwalwa.

Pswazo

Kwayar cututtukan fuka sun hada da:

• zazzaɓi
• ciwon kai
• kumburin gland
• tsoka
• zafi yayin taunawa ko hadiyewa

Kasancewar rashin ji da sankarau duk matsaloli ne da zasu iya faruwa na cututtukan daji.

Rubella (kyanda na Jamusanci)

Kwayar cututtukan sankarau sun hada da:

• kurji
• zazzabi mai sauki zuwa matsakaici
• jajaye da kumburarrun idanu
• kumburin lymph a bayan wuya
• amosanin gabbai (mafi yawanci a cikin mata)

Rubella na iya haifar da matsala mai tsanani ga mata masu ciki, gami da ɓarna ko lahani na haihuwa.

Wanene ya kamata ya sami rigakafin MMR?

Dangane da, shekarun da aka ba da shawarar don yin rigakafin MMR sune:

• yara 'yan watanni 12 zuwa 15 da haihuwa domin fara shan allura
• yara 'yan shekaru 4 zuwa 6 don yin allura ta biyu
• ya kamata manya manya masu shekaru 18 ko sama da haihuwa kuma waɗanda aka haifa bayan 1956 su karɓi kashi ɗaya, sai dai idan za su iya tabbatar da cewa an riga an yi musu riga-kafi ko kuma suna da cututtukan duka uku

Kafin yin tafiya zuwa ƙasashen duniya, yara tsakanin watanni 6 zuwa 11 yakamata su karɓi aƙalla maganin farko. Wadannan yara yakamata su sami allurai biyu bayan sun kai watanni 12 da haihuwa. Yara monthsan watanni 12 ko sama da haka yakamata su sami allurai biyun kafin irin wannan tafiya.

Duk wanda ke da watanni 12 ko sama da haihuwa wanda ya riga ya karɓi aƙalla kashi ɗaya na MMR amma ana ganin yana da haɗari sosai don kamuwa da cututtukan fuka yayin ɓarkewar cutar ya kamata ya sami ƙarin alurar riga kafi guda daya.

A kowane hali, yakamata a ba da allurai aƙalla kwanaki 28 tsakanin su.

Wanene bai kamata ya sami rigakafin MMR ba

Lissafin yana ba da jerin waɗanda ba za su sami rigakafin MMR ba. Ya haɗa da mutanen da:

• sun sami mummunan rashin lafiyan rai ko barazanar rai ga neomycin ko wani ɓangaren rigakafin
• sun sami matsala mai tsanani game da kashi na baya na MMR ko MMRV (kyanda, mumps, rubella, da varicella)
• ciwon daji ko karɓar maganin kansa wanda ke raunana garkuwar jiki
• suna da HIV, AIDS, ko wata cuta ta rigakafi
• suna karɓar duk wani magunguna da ke shafar garkuwar jiki, kamar su steroids
• da tarin fuka

Bugu da kari, kuna iya jinkirta yin allurar rigakafin idan kun:

• a halin yanzu suna da matsakaiciyar cuta mai tsanani
• suna da ciki
• sun daɗe ba da jini ba ko kuma sun sami yanayin da zai sa ku zubar da jini ko rauni a sauƙaƙe
• sun sake samun wata rigakafin a cikin makonni huɗu da suka gabata

Idan kana da tambayoyi game da ko kai ko yaronka ya kamata ku sami rigakafin MMR, yi magana da likitanku.

Alurar rigakafin MMR da autism

Karatuttukan da yawa sun bincika mahaɗin MMR-autism dangane da ƙaruwar al'amuran autism tun daga 1979.

ya ruwaito a shekara ta 2001 cewa yawan bincikar cutar ta Autism yana ta ƙaruwa tun daga 1979. Duk da haka, binciken bai sami karuwar sharuɗɗan autism ba bayan gabatarwar rigakafin MMR. Madadin haka, masu binciken sun gano cewa yawan masu kamuwa da cutar ta Autism wataƙila saboda canje-canje ne kan yadda likitoci ke bincikar cutar ta Autism.

Tun lokacin da aka buga wannan labarin, binciken da yawa ya samo babu mahada tsakanin rigakafin MMR da autism. Waɗannan sun haɗa da nazarin da aka buga a cikin mujallu da.

Bugu da ƙari, nazarin 2014 da aka buga a cikin Ilimin aikin likita na yara ya sake nazari a kan nazarin 67 game da lafiyar alluran rigakafi a Amurka kuma ya ƙarasa da cewa "ƙarfin shaidu yana da yawa cewa rigakafin MMR ba shi da alaƙa da farkon ɓarna a yara."

Kuma wani bincike na 2015 da aka buga a cikin binciken ya gano cewa har ma a tsakanin yaran da ke da ‘yan uwansu da ke da cutar ta Autism, babu wani karin barazanar kamuwa da cutar ta autism da ke da nasaba da rigakafin MMR.

Bugu da ƙari, su da duk sun yarda: babu wata hujja da ke nuna cewa rigakafin MMR yana haifar da autism.

Sakamakon sakamako na rigakafin MMR

Kamar yawancin jiyya na likita, rigakafin MMR na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa. Koyaya, bisa ga, yawancin mutanen da suke da maganin ba su da wata illa ko kaɗan. Kari kan haka, jihohin da ke cewa “karbar [allurar] MMR ya fi aminci fiye da kamuwa da cutar kyanda, kumburin ciki ko kyanda.”

Hanyoyi masu illa daga alurar rigakafin MMR na iya zama daga ƙarami zuwa mai tsanani:

• Orarami: zazzabi da ƙananan kurji
• Matsakaici: zafi da taurin mahaɗan, kamewa, da ƙarancin ƙarancin platelet
• Tsanani: rashin lafiyan abu, wanda zai iya haifar da amya, kumburi, da matsalar numfashi (mai wuyar gaske)

Idan ku ko yaranku suna da sakamako masu illa daga allurar rigakafin da ta shafe ku, ku gaya wa likitanku.

Ara koyo game da MMR

Kamar yadda ya ce, alluran rigakafin sun rage barkewar cutuka masu yaduwa da yawa da za a iya kiyayewa. Idan kun damu game da amincin alurar riga kafi, gami da rigakafin MMR, mafi kyawun abin da za ku yi shi ne kasancewa cikin sanar da ku koyaushe kuma ku bincika haɗari da fa'idar kowane irin aikin likita.

Ci gaba da karatu don ƙarin koyo:

• Me kuke so ku sani game da allurar rigakafin?
• Adawa ga Alurar riga kafi