Oximetry: menene shi da ƙimar saturation na al'ada

Wadatacce

• 1. Pulse oximetry (ba mai cin zali ba)
• 2. Oximetry / gas na jini (masu cin zali)
• Satimar jikewa ta al'ada
• Kula don ƙarin daidaitaccen sakamako

Oximetry gwaji ne wanda zai baka damar auna yanayin isashshen oxygen, wanda shine adadin oxygen da ake jigilar shi a cikin jini. Wannan gwajin, wanda za'a iya yi a asibiti ko a gida tare da bugun jini, yana da mahimmanci yayin da ake zaton cututtukan da ke lalata ko tsoma baki cikin aikin huhu, cututtukan zuciya ko cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, misali.

Gabaɗaya, tsarin sama sama da 90% yana nuna kyakkyawan oxygenation na jini, amma, ya zama dole ga likita ya kimanta kowane harka. Rateananan ƙarancin oxygen oxygen na jini na iya nuna buƙatar magani a asibiti tare da iskar oxygen, kuma yana iya nuna yanayin barazanar rai idan ba a gyara shi da kyau ba. Fahimci menene sakamakon rashin oxygen a cikin jini.

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don auna yanayin jijiyoyin oxygen:

1. Pulse oximetry (ba mai cin zali ba)

Wannan ita ce hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita don auna jikewar iskar oxygen, domin ita ce dabarar da ba zazzagewa ba wacce take auna adadin oxygen ta wata karamar na'ura, ana kiranta da pulim oximeter, wanda ake sanyawa a jikin fata, galibi a karshen yatsa.

Babbar fa'idar wannan matakin ita ce ba lallai ba ne a tara jini, a guji cizon. Bugu da ƙari ga ƙira, wannan na'urar na iya kuma iya auna wasu mahimman bayanai, kamar yawan bugun zuciya da saurin numfashi, misali.

• Yadda yake aiki: bugun bugun jini yana da firikwensin haske wanda ke ɗaukar adadin oxygen da ke wucewa a cikin jini a ƙarƙashin wurin da ake yin gwajin kuma, a cikin secondsan daƙiƙoƙi, yana nuna ƙimar. Waɗannan na'urori masu auna sigina suna ɗaukar kai tsaye, ma'aunin yau da kullun kuma an tsara su don amfani dasu akan yatsu, yatsun hannu ko kunne.

Pulse oximetry ana amfani dashi sosai ga likitoci da sauran kwararrun kiwon lafiya yayin kimantawa na asibiti, musamman ma a cikin yanayin cututtukan da ke haifar da wahalar numfashi, kamar huhu, zuciya da cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, ko yayin rigakafi, amma ana iya amfani dashi don saka idanu kan yanayin kiwon lafiya idan har na kamuwa da kwayar cutar coronavirus. Hakanan za'a iya siyan ma'aunin oximeter a shagunan samar da magani ko na asibiti.

2. Oximetry / gas na jini (masu cin zali)

Ba kamar ƙwayar bugun jini ba, nazarin iskar gas na jini wata hanya ce ta mamayewa don auna ƙimar oxygen a cikin jini, kamar yadda ake yin ta ta hanyar tara jini a cikin sirinji, kuma don wannan sandar allurar ya zama dole. A saboda wannan dalili, irin wannan jarrabawar ba ta da yawa fiye da bugun jini.

Amfani da iskar gas ta jini shine mafi daidaitaccen ma'aunin matakan jijiyoyin oxygen a cikin jini, ban da samun damar samar da wasu matakai masu mahimmanci, kamar adadin carbon dioxide, pH ko adadin acid da bicarbonate a cikin jini, don misali.

• Yadda yake aiki: ya zama dole ayi aikin karbar jini sannan kuma a dauki wannan samfurin don a auna shi a cikin wata na'urar musamman a dakin gwaje-gwaje. Magungunan jini da aka fi amfani da su don wannan nau'in ma'aunin sune jijiyar radial, a cikin wuyan hannu, ko na mata, a cikin makwancin gwaiwa, amma ana iya amfani da wasu.

Irin wannan ma'aunin yawanci ana amfani dashi ne kawai a cikin yanayin inda mai haƙuri ke buƙatar kulawa akai-akai ko fiye da daidai, wanda ya fi kowa a cikin yanayi irin su babban tiyata, cututtukan zuciya mai tsanani, arrhythmias, kamuwa da cuta gabaɗaya, sauye-sauye na hawan jini ko cikin lokuta na gazawar numfashi, misali. Koyi menene raunin numfashi kuma yaya zai iya rage oxygenation na jini.

Satimar jikewa ta al'ada

Mutum mai lafiya, tare da isasshen iskar shaka na jiki, yawanci yana da iskar oxygen sama da kashi 95%, amma, ya zama gama gari cewa ga yanayi mai sauƙi, kamar sanyi ko mura, jikewar yana tsakanin 90 da 95%, ba tare da dalilin damuwa ba.

Lokacin da jikeɗen ya kai ƙimomin da ke ƙasa da kashi 90%, yana iya nuna ragi a cikin wadatar oksijin a cikin jiki saboda kasancewar wasu mawuyacin cuta da ke iya rage ingancin musayar iskar gas tsakanin huhu da jini, kamar kamar asma, ciwon huhu, emphysema, gazawar zuciya ko cututtukan jijiyoyi har ma da rikitarwa na Covid-19, misali.

A cikin iskar gas na jijiyoyin jini, ban da aunawar isashshen sunadarin oxygen, ana kuma kimanta karfin oxygen (Po2), wanda dole ne ya kasance tsakanin 80 da 100 mmHg.

Kula don ƙarin daidaitaccen sakamako

Yana da matukar mahimmanci cewa na'urorin da ke auna jikewar iskar oxygen ana daidaita su akai-akai, don kaucewa canjin sakamako. Kari akan haka, yayin amfani da bugun bugun jini na bugun jini, wasu kiyayewa don kaucewa canza jarabawar sun haɗa da:

• Guji amfani da enamel ko kusoshi na ƙarya, yayin da suke canza hanyar wucewar hasken haske;
• Hannunka mai annashuwa kuma ƙasa da matakin zuciya;
• Kare na'urar a cikin yanayi mai haske ko rana;
• Tabbatar cewa an saita na'urar daidai.

Kafin yin jarabawar, likitan yakamata ya binciki wasu cututtuka kamar su rashin jini ko raunin jini, wanda zai iya tsoma baki tare da auna yanayin oxygenation na jini.