Pellagra

Wadatacce

• Menene alamun?
• Me ke kawo shi?
• Yaya ake gane shi?
• Yaya ake magance ta?
• Rayuwa tare da pellagra

Menene pellagra?

Pellagra cuta ce ta ƙananan niacin, wanda kuma ake kira bitamin B-3. An yi alama ta rashin hankali, gudawa, da cututtukan fata, wanda aka fi sani da "Ds ɗin uku". Idan ba'a bar shi ba, pellagra na iya zama na mutuwa.

Duk da yake ba shi da yawa sosai kamar yadda yake ada, godiya ga ci gaban samar da abinci, har yanzu matsala ce a ƙasashe masu tasowa da yawa. Hakanan yana iya shafar mutanen da jikinsu baya shan niacin sosai.

Menene alamun?

Babban alamun pellagra sune cututtukan fata, hauka, da gudawa. Wannan saboda rashin niacin shine mafi yawan sananne a sassan jiki tare da yawan adadin jujjuyawar salula, kamar fatar ku ko ɓangaren hanji.

Cutar cututtukan fata da ke alaƙa da pellagra yawanci na haifar da zafin fuska, lebe, ƙafa, ko hannu. A wasu mutane, cututtukan cututtukan fata suna kewaye da wuya, alamar da aka sani da abin wuya na Casal.

Arin alamun cututtukan dermatitis sun haɗa da:

• ja, fata mai walƙiya
• yankuna masu canza launi, tun daga ja zuwa launin ruwan kasa
• lokacin farin ciki, ɓawon burodi, fatsi-fatsi, ko fashewar fata
• ƙaiƙayi, ƙone facin fata

A wasu lokuta, alamun jijiyoyin pellagra suna bayyana da wuri, amma galibi suna da wuyar ganewa. Yayinda cutar ta ci gaba, alamun cututtukan rashin hankali sun haɗa da:

• rashin kulawa
• damuwa
• rikicewa, bacin rai, ko canjin yanayi
• ciwon kai
• rashin natsuwa ko damuwa
• rikicewa ko yaudara

Sauran alamun cututtukan pellagra sun haɗa da:

• ciwo a leɓe, harshe, ko gumis
• rage yawan ci
• matsala ci da sha
• tashin zuciya da amai

Me ke kawo shi?

Akwai pellagra iri biyu, ana kiranta da suna pellagra na farko da na sakandare.

Primary pellagra ana haifar dashi ne ta hanyar abinci mai ƙarancin niacin ko tryptophan. Ana iya jujjuya Tryptophan zuwa niacin a jiki, don haka rashin isa sosai na iya haifar da karancin niacin.

Pellagra na firamare ya fi zama ruwan dare a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa waɗanda suka dogara da masara a matsayin abinci mai ƙima. Masara ta ƙunshi niacytin, wani nau'in niacin da mutane ba za su iya narkewa da sha ba sai an shirya shi da kyau.

Pellagra na biyu yana faruwa ne lokacin da jikinka ba zai iya sha niacin ba. Abubuwan da zasu iya hana jikinka shan niacin sun hada da:

• shaye-shaye
• matsalar cin abinci
• wasu magunguna, gami da anti-convulsants da magungunan rigakafi
• cututtukan ciki, kamar cututtukan Crohn da ulcerative colitis
• cirrhosis na hanta
• cututtukan carcinoid
• Hartnup cuta

Yaya ake gane shi?

Pellagra na iya zama da wahala a iya tantancewa saboda yana haifar da wasu alamomin cutar. Har ila yau, babu takamaiman gwaji don binciko ƙarancin niacin.

Madadin haka, likitanka zai fara ne ta hanyar duba duk wata matsala ta hanji, rashes, ko canje-canje a cikin kwakwalwarka. Suna kuma iya gwada fitsarinku.

A lokuta da yawa, bincikar cutar pellagra ya hada da ganin idan alamun ka sun amsa maganin niacin.

Yaya ake magance ta?

Primary pellagra ana kula dashi tare da canje-canje masu cin abinci da niacin ko karin nikotinamide. Hakanan yana iya buƙatar a ba shi cikin jini. Nicotinamide wani nau'i ne na bitamin B-3. Tare da magani na farko, mutane da yawa suna samun cikakkiyar lafiya kuma sun fara jin daɗi cikin withinan kwanaki kaɗan da fara jiyya. Inganta fata na iya ɗaukar watanni da yawa. Koyaya, idan ba'a bar shi ba, kamuwa da cuta na farko yakan haifar da mutuwa bayan shekaru huɗu ko biyar.

Yin maganin pellagra na biyu galibi yana mai da hankali ne kan magance dalilin. Koyaya, wasu lokuta na sakandare pellagra suma suna amsawa da kyau don shan niacin ko nicotinamide ko dai a baki ko kuma cikin hanzari.

Yayin da ake murmurewa daga pellagra na farko ko na sakandare, yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye duk wani ƙuƙumi da aka shayar da shi tare da kariya daga hasken rana.

Rayuwa tare da pellagra

Pellagra wani mummunan yanayi ne wanda ƙananan ƙwayoyin niacin ke haifarwa, saboda ko dai rashin abinci mai gina jiki ko matsalar sha. Idan ba a kula da shi ba, zai iya haifar da mutuwa. Duk da yake pellagra na farko yana amsawa da kyau akan niacin, pellagra na biyu zai iya zama da wahala a iya magance shi, ya danganta da dalilin.