Jarrabawar PPD: menene, yaya ake yi da sakamako

Wadatacce

• Yadda ake yin gwajin PPD
• Sakamakon jarrabawar PPD

PPD shine daidaitaccen gwajin nunawa don gano kasancewar kamuwa da cuta ta Cutar tarin fuka na Mycobacterium kuma, ta haka ne, taimakawa gano cutar tarin fuka. Galibi, ana yin wannan gwajin ne kan mutanen da suka yi mu'amala kai tsaye da marasa lafiyar da kwayoyin cutar suka kamu da su, ko da kuwa ba su nuna alamun cutar ba, saboda zargin wani ɓoyayyen kamuwa da cutar tarin fuka, lokacin da aka sanya ƙwayoyin amma suna da bai riga ya haifar da cutar ba. Gano menene alamun cutar tarin fuka.

Gwajin PPD, wanda aka fi sani da tuberculin fata ko maganin Mantoux, ana yin shi ne a dakunan gwaje-gwaje na asibiti ta hanyar karamin allurar da ke dauke da sunadaran da suka samo daga kwayoyin da ke karkashin fata, kuma dole ne a kimanta shi kuma a fassara shi da kyau ta hanyar likitan huhu don ya iya zama yi daidai ganewar asali.

Lokacin da PPD ya kasance tabbatacce akwai babban damar samun ƙwayoyin cuta. Koyaya, gwajin PPD shi kadai bai isa ya tabbatar ko kebe cutar ba, don haka idan ana tsammanin cutar tarin fuka, ya kamata likita ya bada umarnin wasu gwaje-gwajen, kamar su kirjin X-ray ko kuma kwayoyin sputum, misali.

Yadda ake yin gwajin PPD

Ana yin gwajin PPD a dakin gwaje-gwaje na asibiti ta hanyar allurar tsarkakakken kwayar halitta (PPD), ma'ana, daga tsarkakakkun sunadarai wadanda suke a saman kwayoyin cutar tarin fuka. An tsarkake sunadaran ta yadda cutar ba zata bulla ga mutanen da basu da kwayar cutar ba, duk da haka sunadaran suna amsa ga mutanen da suka kamu ko wadanda aka yiwa rigakafin.

Ana amfani da sinadarin a gaban hannun hagu kuma dole ne a fassara sakamakon sa'o'i 72 bayan an yi amfani da shi, wanda shine lokacin da abin da ya saba faruwa ya faru. Don haka, bayan kwana 3 da yin amfani da furotin na tarin fuka, ana ba da shawarar a koma wurin likita don sanin sakamakon gwajin, wanda kuma dole ne a yi la’akari da alamun da mutum ya gabatar.

Don ɗaukar gwajin PPD ba lallai ba ne a yi azumi ko ɗaukar wasu kulawa na musamman, ana ba da shawarar kawai a sanar da likita idan kuna amfani da kowane irin magani.

Ana iya yin wannan gwajin akan yara, mata masu juna biyu ko mutanen da ke da garkuwar jiki, duk da haka, bai kamata a yi wa mutanen da ke da yiwuwar yin wata illa ba, kamar su necrosis, ulceration ko wani mummunan rauni na rashin lafiyar jiki.

Sakamakon jarrabawar PPD

Sakamakon gwajin PPD ya dogara da girman aikin da ake yi akan fata, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton kuma, saboda haka, na iya zama:

• Har zuwa 5mm: a gaba ɗaya, ana ɗaukarsa mummunan sakamako kuma, sabili da haka, baya nuna kamuwa da cuta tare da ƙwayoyin tarin fuka, sai dai a cikin takamaiman yanayi;
• 5 mm zuwa 9 mm: sakamako ne mai kyau, wanda ke nuna kamuwa da cutar ta tarin fuka, musamman a yara yan ƙasa da shekaru 10 waɗanda ba a yi musu allurar rigakafi ko rigakafin BCG ba fiye da shekaru 2, mutanen da ke ɗauke da HIV / AIDS, tare da raunana rigakafi ko kuma waɗanda ke da tabon tarin fuka a jikin rediyo. kirji;
• 10 mm ko fiye: sakamako mai kyau, yana nuna kamuwa da cutar ta tarin fuka.

Girman amsawa akan fatar PPD

A wasu yanayi, kasancewar fatar da ta wuce 5 mm ba yana nufin cewa mutum ya kamu da cutar mycobacterium da ke haifar da tarin fuka ba. Misali, mutanen da aka riga aka yiwa rigakafin cutar tarin fuka (allurar rigakafin BCG) ko waɗanda ke kamuwa da wasu nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta na maycobacteria, na iya fuskantar tasirin fata lokacin da aka yi gwajin, ana kiran sa sakamako mara kyau.

Sakamakon mummunan-karya, wanda mutum ya kamu da cutar ta kwayoyin cuta, amma ba ya haifar da da mai ido a cikin PPD, na iya tashi a cikin yanayin mutanen da ke da rauni a garkuwar jiki, kamar mutanen da ke ɗauke da cutar kanjamau, kansar ko amfani da magungunan rigakafi, a cikin ban da rashin abinci mai gina jiki, shekaru sama da 65, rashin ruwa a jiki ko kuma kamuwa da wata cuta.

Saboda damar sakamakon karya, bai kamata a bincikar tarin fuka ta hanyar nazarin wannan gwajin kadai ba. Likitan huhu ya nemi ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don tabbatar da cutar, kamar su rediyon kirji, gwaje-gwajen rigakafin rigakafi da kuma shafa madubin jini, wanda shine gwaji a dakin gwaje-gwaje inda ake amfani da samfurin marar lafiya, yawanci azzakari, don gano bacilli da ke haifar da cutar. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen ya kamata a ba da umarnin koda kuwa PPD ba shi da kyau, saboda wannan gwajin kadai ba za a iya amfani da shi don kerar da cutar ba.