Ire-iren cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, jiyya da yiwuwar sakamako

Wadatacce

• Babban iri
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• 1. Chemotherapy
• 2. Ciwon kai tsaye
• 3. Radiotherapy
• 4. Yin tiyata
• 5. Maganin tallafi
• Yiwuwar sakamako

Ciwon ƙwaƙwalwa yana nuna kasancewar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin kwakwalwa ko meninges, waɗanda membran ne waɗanda suke layi a cikin kwakwalwa da ƙashin baya. Irin wannan kumburin na iya zama mai cutarwa ko mai cutarwa kuma ba a fayyace musababbin yadda ya kamata ba, amma zai iya faruwa ne saboda canjin kwayar halitta ko kuma sakamakon kamuwa da cutar kansa daga wasu sassan jiki, kamar na kansar mama, misali.

Alamomin cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar suna dogara ne da wuri, girma da nau'in ƙwayar, amma yawanci suna haifar da matsanancin ciwon kai, rashin gani, rashin daidaitawa har ma da kamuwa. San wasu alamomin ciwan ƙwaƙwalwa.

Tumwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ba safai take haifar da cuta ba, wato, tana yaduwa zuwa wasu sassan jiki, saboda a ƙa'ida ƙwayoyin muguwar ƙwayar wannan ƙwayar suna ci gaba kuma suna yaɗuwa a cikin kwakwalwar kanta. Yawancin kumburin kwakwalwa ba su da kyau kuma suna da iyakantattun iyakoki, ma'ana, ana iya warkewa kuma ana iya magance su da tiyata. Koyaya, a cikin yanayin mummunan ƙwayar cuta, magani na iya dogara ne akan ƙararrakin magani, maganin fuka-fuka ko maƙasudin farfadowa.

Babban iri

Za'a iya rarraba ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar a matsayin ta farko, lokacin da ƙwayoyin cuta marasa kyau suka samo asali daga tsarin jijiyoyin kanta, ko sakandare, wanda ke faruwa lokacin da ƙwayoyin cuta mara kyau a cikin kwakwalwa suka taso daga wani ɓangaren da ke fama da cutar kansa, kamar huhu, koda, hanji ko mama. Don haka, manyan nau'ikan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa sune:

• Meningioma: an bayyana shi da kasancewar ciwace ciwace a cikin meninges, waɗanda membran ne waɗanda ke kewaye da kare tsarin jijiyoyin tsakiya;
• Glioblastoma: wani nau'in ciwan ƙwaƙwalwa ne wanda ke shafar ƙwayoyin jini, waɗanda ke da alhakin taimakawa ayyukan ƙwayoyin cuta;
• Astrocytoma: wannan nau'in tumo na farko yana shafar ƙwayoyin da ke tallafawa ƙwayoyin cuta kuma tsananin ya bambanta gwargwadon girman su da halayen su, kuma zai iya zama mara kyau ko mara kyau;
• Medulloblastoma: ita ce mafi yawan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin yara, yana shafar ƙwaƙwalwa kuma yawanci yakan sami kyakkyawar amsa ga magani;
• Tsarin adenoma: an bayyana shi da shigar gland a ƙasan kwakwalwa, adenohypophysis, yana haifar da tasiri akan dukkan kwayar halitta.

Akwai kuma ependymomas, wanda wani nau'in ciwan kwakwalwa ne wanda ke tasowa daga kwayoyin halitta, wadanda ke da alhakin rufin bututun jijiyoyin, wato, kayan da ke rufe tsarin jijiyoyi.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Maganin ƙwayar cutar kwakwalwa ya bambanta gwargwadon girma, nau'in, digiri na ƙari kuma ya dogara da ko ciwon ya bazu zuwa wasu ɓangarorin tsarin kulawa na tsakiya, kuma ana iya nuna nau'o'in jiyya ta likitan kanko, kamar zaɓuɓɓuka masu zuwa:

1. Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy shine nau'in magani wanda ya ƙunshi yin amfani da ƙwayoyi kai tsaye a cikin jijiya, ta hanyar catheter, da nufin lalata ƙwayoyin tumor da ke haifar da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar. Miyagun ƙwayoyi da aka yi amfani da su don waɗannan lamuran sune carmustine da temozolomide, waɗanda suma ana iya amfani da su a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta.

Wannan nau'in maganin, duk da haka, yana iya lalata ƙwayoyin lafiya, yana haifar da sakamako masu illa kamar tashin zuciya, amai, zubewar gashi, gajiya ko gudawa, misali. Duba sauran illolin cutar shan magani.

Adadin waɗannan magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta da yawan zaman da aka nuna zai nuna ta masanin ilimin likitan halitta kuma, gabaɗaya, ana aiwatar da aikace-aikacen a tsakanin tazara don ƙwayoyin lafiya su farfaɗo.

2. Ciwon kai tsaye

Makasudin farfadowa ya ƙunshi magunguna waɗanda ke aiki kai tsaye a kan kwayoyin halitta da sunadarai a cikin ƙwayoyin ƙari na ƙwaƙwalwa, hana haɓaka da taimakawa wajen lalata wannan nau'in ƙwayar. Ta wannan hanyar, tare da aikin waɗannan magungunan, tsarin garkuwar jiki yana da ƙarfi kuma ƙwayoyin garkuwar jiki suna yaƙi da ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar.

Don wannan nau'in maganin da za a yi amfani da shi, ana buƙatar takamaiman gwaje-gwaje da gwaje-gwaje don gano waɗannan ƙwayoyin halittar da sunadarai daga ƙwayoyin tumo, kuma ba duk nau'ikan ciwace-ciwacen ba ne suke da ƙwayoyi irin wannan don maganin ba. Maganin bevacizumab misali ne na maganin farfaɗo da aka yi amfani da shi a wasu nau'ikan ciwace-ciwacen ƙwaƙwalwa, wanda yawansa zai ta'allaka ne da girma da ƙarancin ciwon.

3. Radiotherapy

Ana amfani da radiotherapy don magance kumburin kwakwalwa ta hanyar amfani da kai tsaye na fitilun fitilar da wani inji ke fitarwa, wanda ake kira linzamin mai hanzari, wanda yayi kama da naurar da ke yin aikin daukar hoto da hoton maganadisu. Wadannan katako na radiation suna aiki kai tsaye a shafin ƙari, suna kashe ƙwayoyin kansa, suna taimakawa rage da kawar da ciwan ƙwaƙwalwar.

A wasu lokuta, ana iya nuna brachytherapy, wanda wani nau'in rediyo ne da ake yi ta hanyar sanyawa ta iska, wanda aka gabatar cikin kwakwalwa kuma wanda a hankali yake fitar da radiation. Lokacin magani ya banbanta ga kowane nau'in ciwace-ciwace kuma mai kula da rediyo shine wanda ke nuna zaman da kuma yanayin radiation. San nau'ikan da lokacin da aka nuna rediyo.

4. Yin tiyata

Ana iya nuna aikin tiyata ya danganta da wurin da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar take, domin yawanci hanya ce mai sauƙi, wanda ke buƙatar kulawa da yawa daga likitocin tiyata, saboda ƙwaƙwalwar wata ƙungiya ce da ke daidaita yawancin ayyukan jiki, kamar magana, hangen nesa da motsi.

Hakanan za'a iya nuna aikin aikin tiyata a matsayin ɓangare na ganewar asali, ta hanyar binciken ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, wanda ya ƙunshi ɗaukar samfurin ƙwanƙolin ƙwaƙwalwa don bincike a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda yana iya taimaka wa likitan ilimin likitancin ya jagoranci kuma ya ba da shawarar mafi dacewa magani. . Hakanan akwai aikin tiyata, wanda a ciki ana amfani da radiotherapy a lokacin aikin cire kumburin kwakwalwa.

5. Maganin tallafi

Taimako na tallafi ya dogara da amfani da magunguna don taimakawa bayyanar cututtukan da ke haifar da ciwan ƙwaƙwalwa, kamar, misali, ƙwayoyin corticosteroid waɗanda ke taimakawa rage ƙwanƙwasa kwakwalwa, rage ciwon kai da rage damar mutum na samun wani sakamakon wannan, kamar kamar yadda ya karu intracranial matsa lamba.

Hakanan za'a iya ba da magungunan hana kamuwa da cuta don hana mutumin da yake da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya nuna magungunan analgesic don taimakawa ciwo da magunguna don damuwa da damuwa, saboda irin wannan ƙwayar yana haifar da canje-canje na motsin rai.

Yiwuwar sakamako

Ciwan ƙwaƙwalwa na iya shafar mahimman sassan tsarin jijiyoyi, wanda zai iya haifar da canje-canje a cikin natsuwa, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, magana, hangen nesa har ma da motsin jiki.Gefen jiki ya kasance ba tare da motsi ba, misali. San menene nau'ikan cututtukan zuciya.

Bugu da kari, magani don ciwan kwakwalwa, musamman tiyata, na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa, kamar iyakance motsin jiki. Koyaya, da zaran an gano mutum da wannan nau'in kumburin, an ayyana ƙungiyar ƙwararru, waɗanda ake kira ƙungiya da yawa, waɗanda za su kula da yanayi daban-daban, kamar aikin likita, wanda zai kasance da alhakin kula da motsi, da masanin ilimin magana wanda zai yi shi. maganin magana.