Menene Nephrology kuma Menene Likitan Ciwon Lafiyar Halitta yakeyi?

Wadatacce

• Bayani
• Aikin nephrologist
• Ilimin ilimin nephrologist da horo
• Yanayin da likitan nephrologist ya bi
• Gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin da likitan nephrologist zai iya yi ko oda
• Gwajin gwaje-gwaje
• Gwajin jini
• Gwajin fitsari
• Hanyoyin
• Bambanci tsakanin nephrology da urology
• Yaushe za a ga likitan nephrologist
• Yadda ake nemo likitan nephrologist
• Takeaway

Bayani

Nephrology ƙwararren likita ne na cikin gida wanda ke mai da hankali kan maganin cututtukan da suka shafi ƙoda.

Kuna da koda biyu. Suna can ƙasan haƙarƙarinka a kowane gefen kashin bayanka. Kodan suna da ayyuka masu mahimmanci, gami da:

• cire sharar ruwa da yawan ruwa daga jini
• kiyaye ma'aunin lantarki na jikinka
• sakewa da homoni tare da ayyuka kamar gudanar da hawan jini

Aikin nephrologist

Wani likitan nephrologist wani nau'in likita ne wanda ya kware wajen kula da cututtukan koda. Ba wai kawai likitocin nephrologists suna da ƙwarewa kan cututtukan da suka shafi koda ba, amma kuma suna da masaniya sosai game da yadda cutar koda ko rashin aiki zai iya shafar wasu sassan jikinku.

Kodayake likitanka na farko zai yi aiki don taimakawa hanawa da magance matakan farko na cutar koda, ana iya kiran masanin nephrologist don taimakawa wajen ganowa da magance mafi tsananin ko rikitaccen yanayin koda.

Ilimin ilimin nephrologist da horo

Domin fara kan hanyar zama likitan nephrologist, dole ne ku fara kammala makarantar likitanci. Makarantar likitanci tana ɗaukar shekaru huɗu kuma tana buƙatar digiri na farko kafin.

Bayan karɓar digiri na likita, kuna buƙatar kammala zama na shekaru uku wanda ke mai da hankali kan maganin cikin gida. Matsayin zama yana ba sabbin likitoci damar karɓar ƙarin horo da ilimi a cikin yanayin asibiti kuma ƙarƙashin kulawar ƙarin manyan likitocin.

Da zarar an tabbatar da ku a cikin likitancin cikin gida, to dole ne ku gama haɗin shekaru biyu a cikin ƙwararren ilimin nephrology. Wannan haɗin gwiwa yana ƙara haɓaka ilimi da ƙwarewar asibiti da ake buƙata don ƙwarewar. Bayan kun gama tarayyar ku, zaku iya yin jarabawa don zama babban jami'in ilimin likitancin nephrology.

Yanayin da likitan nephrologist ya bi

Masanan nehrologists zasu iya aiki tare da kai don taimakawa gano asali da bi da waɗannan sharuɗɗa masu zuwa:

• jini ko furotin a cikin fitsari
• cutar koda mai tsanani
• duwatsun koda, kodayake likitan urologist na iya magance wannan
• cututtukan koda
• kumburin koda saboda cututtukan glomerulonephritis ko kuma tsakanin nephritis
• kansar koda
• cututtukan koda na polycystic
• cututtukan uremic na uromic
• koda jijiya stenosis
• nephrotic ciwo
• karshen-cutar koda
• gazawar koda, duka mai tsanani da na kullum

Hakanan ƙwararrun likitan nephrologist na iya shiga lokacin da wasu dalilai ke haifar da cutar koda ko rashin aiki, gami da:

• hawan jini
• ciwon sukari
• ciwon zuciya
• yanayin autoimmune, kamar lupus
• magunguna

Gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin da likitan nephrologist zai iya yi ko oda

Idan kuna ziyartar likitan nephrologist, suna iya kasancewa cikin yin gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin da yawa ko fassara sakamakon.

Gwajin gwaje-gwaje

Za a iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje masu yawa don tantance aikin kodanku. Ana yin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen a kan ko jini ko fitsari.

Gwajin jini

• Adadin tacewar Glomerular (GFR). Wannan gwajin yana auna yadda kodanki suke tace jininka sosai. GFR yana fara ragewa ƙasa da matakan al'ada a cikin cutar koda.
• Maganin creatinine. Creatinine kayan sharar gida ne kuma yana nan a matakai mafi girma a cikin jinin mutanen da ke fama da cutar koda.
• Urogen jini na jini (BUN). Kamar yadda yake tare da creatinine, gano manyan matakan wannan kayan sharar a cikin jini alama ce ta rashin aikin koda.

Gwajin fitsari

• Fitsari. Ana iya gwada wannan samfurin fitsarin tare da tsaka-tsakin pH tare da kasancewar yawan jini, glucose, protein, ko ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Rabaran Albumin / creatinine (ACR). Wannan gwajin fitsarin yana auna adadin sunadarin albumin ne a cikin fitsarin. Albumin a cikin fitsari alama ce ta rashin aikin koda.
• Yawan fitsari awa 24. Wannan hanyar tana amfani da kwantena na musamman don tara dukkan fitsarin da kuka samar yayin awoyi 24. Ana iya yin ƙarin gwaji akan wannan samfurin.
• Yarda da halittar. Wannan shine ma'aunin kwayar halitta daga samfurin jini da na fitsari na awa 24 da ake amfani da shi wajen kirga adadin sinadarin wanda ya fita daga jini ya koma cikin fitsarin.

Hanyoyin

Baya ga yin bita da fassara sakamakon gwaje-gwajen ku, likitan nephrologist na iya yin ko yi aiki tare da sauran kwararru kan waɗannan hanyoyin:

• gwajin kodan, kamar su ultrasound, CT scans, ko X-rays
• dialysis, gami da sanya jaka na dialysis catheter
• biopsies na koda
• dashen koda

Bambanci tsakanin nephrology da urology

Fannonin nephrology da urology sun raba wasu abubuwa saboda duka suna iya ƙunsar koda. Yayinda likitan nephrologist ke maida hankali kan cututtuka da yanayin da suka shafi koda kai tsaye, likitan urologist yana mai da hankali kan cututtuka da yanayin da zasu iya shafar fitsarin namiji da mace.

Yanayin fitsarin ya hada da koda, har ma da wasu sassa da dama kamar su fitsarin fitsari, mafitsara, da mafitsara. Har ila yau masanin ilimin urologist yana aiki tare da gabobin haihuwa na maza, kamar azzakarin namiji, gwaurai, da kuma prostate.

Yanayin da likitan urologist zai iya bi da shi na iya haɗawa da:

• tsakuwar koda
• cututtukan mafitsara
• Matsalolin kula da mafitsara
• rashin karfin erectile
• kara girman prostate

Yaushe za a ga likitan nephrologist

Likitan likitanku na farko zai iya taimakawa wajen hanawa da magance matakan farko na cutar koda. Koyaya, wasu lokuta waɗannan matakan farko bazai da wata alama ko kuma suna da alamomi marasa mahimmanci kamar su gajiya, matsalolin bacci, da canje-canje a yawan adadin fitsarin.

Gwaji na yau da kullun na iya sa ido kan aikin koda, musamman idan kuna cikin haɗarin cutar koda. Wadannan kungiyoyin sun hada da mutane masu:

• hawan jini
• ciwon sukari
• ciwon zuciya
• tarihin iyali na matsalolin koda

Gwaji na iya gano alamun raguwar aikin koda, kamar rage darajar GFR ko ƙaruwar matakin albumin a cikin fitsarinka. Idan sakamakon gwajinku ya nuna saurin ci gaba ko ci gaba da lalacewar aikin koda, likitanku na iya tura ka zuwa likitan nephrologist.

Hakanan likitanku na iya tura ku zuwa ga likitan nephrologist idan kuna da ɗayan waɗannan masu zuwa:

• ci gaba na kullum cutar koda
• yawan jini ko furotin a fitsarinku
• maimaita duwatsun koda, kodayake kuma ana iya tura ku zuwa likitan urologist don wannan
• hawan jini wanda har yanzu yana da girma duk da cewa kuna shan magunguna
• sanadin cututtukan koda

Yadda ake nemo likitan nephrologist

Idan kana bukatar ganin likitan nephrologist, likitanka na farko zai iya tura ka zuwa daya. A wasu lokuta, kamfanin inshora naka na iya buƙatar samun takaddar daga likitanka na farko kafin ka iya ziyartar gwani.

Idan ka zaɓi kada ka sami hanyar zuwa daga likitanka na farko, bincika kamfanin inshorarka don jerin ƙwararrun masanan da ke kusa a cikin cibiyar sadarwar inshorar ku.

Takeaway

Wani likitan nephrologist wani nau'in likita ne wanda ya kware kan cututtuka da yanayin da ke shafar koda. Suna aiki don magance yanayi irin su cututtukan koda, cututtukan koda, da gazawar koda.

Likitan likitanku na farko zai iya tura ku zuwa ga likitan nephrologist idan kuna da rikitarwa ko ciwan koda wanda ke buƙatar kulawar gwani.

Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa idan kuna da takamaiman damuwa game da matsalolin koda, ya kamata ku tabbatar da tattauna su tare da likitanku kuma ku nemi izinin, idan ya cancanta.