Fuskokin Kiwon Lafiya: Menene Masanin Urologist?

Wadatacce

• Bayani
• Menene likitan urologist?
• Menene urology?
• Menene bukatun ilimi da horo?
• Waɗanne yanayi ne masu ilimin urologists suke bi?
• Waɗanne hanyoyi ne masu binciken urologists suke yi?
• Yaushe ya kamata ku ga likitan urologist?
• Tambaya:
• A:

Bayani

A zamanin daɗaɗɗun Masarawa da Helenawa, likitoci sukan bincika launin fitsari, ƙanshinsa, da yanayinsa. Sun kuma nemi kumfa, jini, da sauran alamun cuta.

A yau, kowane fanni na magani yana mai da hankali kan lafiyar tsarin fitsari. An kira shi urology. Anan ga abin da masana urologists suke yi da kuma lokacin da yakamata kuyi la'akari da ganin ɗayan waɗannan ƙwararrun.

Menene likitan urologist?

Likitocin mahaifa suna bincikowa da magance cututtukan mafitsara maza da mata. Suna kuma bincikowa da magance duk wani abu da ya shafi ɓangaren haihuwa a cikin maza.

A wasu lokuta, suna iya yin tiyata. Misali, suna iya cire cutar daji ko buɗe wani toshiya a cikin hanyoyin fitsari. Masu ilimin urologists suna aiki a wurare daban-daban, gami da asibitoci, dakunan shan magani masu zaman kansu, da cibiyoyin urology.

Yanayin fitsari shine tsarin da yake kirkira, adanawa, kuma yake cire fitsari daga jiki. Urologists zasu iya magance kowane ɓangare na wannan tsarin. Wannan ya hada da:

• kodan, wadanda sune gabobin da ke tace bata jini daga cikin jini don samar da fitsari
• ureters, waxanda sune bututun da fitsari ke bi daga koda zuwa mafitsara
• mafitsara, wanda shine jakar da ke kwance fitsari
• fitsari, wanda shine bututun da fitsari ke bi daga mafitsara daga jiki
• gland adrenal, wadanda sune gland din dake saman kowacce koda wacce ke sakin homon

Har ila yau, masana ilimin mahaifa suna magance dukkan sassan tsarin haihuwar namiji. Wannan tsarin ya kunshi:

• azzakari, wanda shine sashin da ke sakin fitsari da fitar da maniyyi a jiki
• prostate, wanda shine gland din da ke karkashin mafitsara wanda ke kara ruwa zuwa maniyyi don samar da maniyyi
• kwayoyin cuta, wadanda sune gabobi guda biyu masu hade a cikin mahaifa wanda ke haifar da kwayar testosterone da samarda maniyyi

Menene urology?

Urology fannin likitanci ne wanda ke maida hankali akan cututtukan fitsari da kuma hanyoyin haihuwa na maza. Wasu likitocin jijiyoyin yoyon fitsari suna magance cututtukan gaba ɗaya na hanyoyin fitsari. Sauran sun kware a cikin wani nau'in urology, kamar su:

• urology na mata, wanda ke maida hankali kan yanayin haihuwar mace da fitsarin ta
• rashin haihuwa na maza, wanda ke maida hankali kan matsalolin da ke hana namiji daukar ciki tare da abokin zama
• neurourology, wanda ke mai da hankali kan matsalolin urinary saboda yanayin tsarin mai juyayi
• urology na yara, wanda ke mai da hankali kan matsalolin fitsari ga yara
• urologic oncology, wanda ke mai da hankali kan cutar kansa na tsarin fitsari, gami da mafitsara, kodan, prostate, da golaye

Menene bukatun ilimi da horo?

Dole ne ku sami digiri na kwaleji na shekaru huɗu sannan ku cika shekaru huɗu na makarantar likita. Da zarar kun kammala karatunku daga makarantar likitanci, to lallai ne ku sami horo na likita na shekaru huɗu ko biyar a asibiti. A lokacin wannan shirin, wanda ake kira wurin zama, kuna aiki tare da ƙwararrun masana ilimin urologist kuma kuna koyon ƙwarewar tiyata.

Wasu urologists yanke shawarar yin shekara ɗaya ko biyu na ƙarin horo. Wannan ana kiran sa zumunci. A wannan lokacin, zaku sami ƙwarewa a cikin yanki na musamman. Wannan na iya haɗawa da ilimin urologic oncology ko urology na mata.

A ƙarshen horon su, masana urologists dole ne su ci jarabawar takaddun takaddun musamman na urologists. Hukumar Urology ta Amurka tana tabbatar musu da nasarar kammala jarabawar.

Waɗanne yanayi ne masu ilimin urologists suke bi?

Malaman Urologists suna magance yanayi da yawa waɗanda suka shafi tsarin fitsari da tsarin haihuwar namiji.

A cikin maza, urologists bi da:

• kansar mafitsara, kodoji, azzakari, golaye, da adrenal da prostate gland
• Girman prostate
• rashin karfin erectile, ko matsalar samun ko kiyaye erection
• rashin haihuwa
• farkon cystitis, wanda kuma ake kira ciwo na mafitsara
• cututtukan koda
• tsakuwar koda
• prostatitis, wanda shine kumburi na ƙwayar prostate
• cututtukan urinary (UTIs)
• varicoceles, ko faɗaɗa jijiyoyi a cikin mahaifa

A cikin mata, urologists bi da:

• Fitsari mafitsara, ko kuma zubewar mafitsara cikin farji
• cututtukan daji na mafitsara, koda, da gland
• cystitis na tsakiya
• tsakuwar koda
• mafitsara mai aiki
• UTIs
• rashin fitsari

A cikin yara, masu ilimin urologists suna bi da:

• kwanciya
• toshewa da sauran matsaloli game da tsarin fitsarin
• gwauraye marasa kyau

Waɗanne hanyoyi ne masu binciken urologists suke yi?

Lokacin da kuka ziyarci likitan ilimin urologist, zasu fara da yin ɗaya ko fiye da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen don gano wane irin yanayi kuke ciki:

• Gwajin hoto, kamar su CT scan, MRI scan, ko duban dan tayi, ya basu damar gani a jikin fitsarinku.
• Zasu iya yin odar kystogram, wanda ya hada da daukar hoton hoton mafitsara na mafitsara.
• Likitan urologist dinka zai iya yin maganin cystoscopy. Wannan ya hada da yin amfani da wani siririn fili wanda ake kira cystoscope don ganin cikin fitsarin da mafitsara.
• Zasu iya yin gwajin fitsarin da baya saura don gano yadda saurin fitsari yake fita daga jikinka yayin yin fitsarin. Hakanan yana nuna yawan fitsarin da ya rage a cikin fitsarin bayan kun yi fitsari.
• Zasu iya amfani da samfurin fitsari don bincika fitsarinka ko kwayoyin cutar dake haifar da cututtuka.
• Zasu iya yin gwajin urodynamic don auna matsi da ƙarar cikin mafitsara.

Hakanan an horar da masana ilimin yoyon fitsari don yin nau'ukan tiyata daban-daban. Wannan na iya haɗawa da yin:

• biopsies na mafitsara, koda, ko prostate
• cystectomy, wanda ya hada da cire mafitsara, don magance cutar daji
• extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy, wanda ya hada da fasa duwatsun koda don su iya cire su cikin sauki
• dashen koda, wanda ya hada da maye gurbin koda mai cuta da mai lafiya
• hanya don buɗe toshewa
• gyara lalacewa saboda rauni
• gyaran gabobin fitsari wadanda ba su da kyau
• prostatectomy, wanda ya hada da cire duk ko wani sashi na glandon don magance cutar ta prostate
• aikin majajjawa, wanda ya haɗa da amfani da tsummoki don tallafawa mafitsara kuma a rufe ta don magance matsalar rashin fitsari
• wani yanki na kwance na prostate, wanda ya kunshi cire kayan da suka wuce haddi daga wani kara girman prostate
• cirewar allura ta transurethral na prostate, wanda ya hada da cire kayan da suka wuce haddi daga wani kara girman prostate
• ureteroscopy, wanda ya hada da amfani da wani fili don cire duwatsu a cikin kodan da mafitsara
• vasectomy don hana daukar ciki, wanda ya hada da yankewa da kuma daure jijiyoyin, ko maniyyin bututu ya bi ta don samar da maniyyi

Yaushe ya kamata ku ga likitan urologist?

Likitanku na farko zai iya kula da ku don matsalolin urinary, kamar UTI. Likitan likitanku na farko zai iya tura ku zuwa likitan urologist idan alamun ku ba su inganta ba ko kuma kuna da yanayin da ke buƙatar maganin da ba za su iya bayarwa ba.

Kuna iya buƙatar ganin likitan urologist da wani ƙwararren likita don wasu yanayi. Misali, mutumin da yake da cutar sankarar mafitsara zai iya ganin masanin kansar da ake kira "masanin ilimin sankara" da likitan mahaifa.

Ta yaya zaka san lokacin da lokaci yayi don ganin likitan urologist? Samun ɗayan waɗannan alamun yana nuna kuna da matsala a cikin hanyoyin urinary:

• jini a cikin fitsarinku
• yawan buqatar yin fitsari ko gaggawa
• zafi a ƙashin bayanku, ƙashin ƙugu, ko gefen
• zafi ko zafi yayin fitsari
• matsalar yin fitsari
• Fitar fitsari
• raunin fitsari mai rauni, dribbling

Hakanan ya kamata ku ga likitan ilimin urologist idan kun kasance namiji kuma kuna fuskantar waɗannan alamun:

• rage sha'awar jima'i
• dunkule a cikin kwayar cutar
• matsala ta samu ko kiyaye tsage

Tambaya:

Me zan iya yi don kiyaye lafiyar urologic mai kyau?

A:

Tabbatar da cewa koyaushe kuna zubar da mafitsara ku sha ruwa maimakon maganin kafeyin ko ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Guji shan sigari kuma kula da ƙarancin gishiri. Waɗannan ƙa'idodi na gaba ɗaya na iya taimakawa wajen hana yawancin batutuwan urologic gama gari.