Matakan ƙwayar cholesterol na jini

Cholesterol wani kitse ne (wanda kuma ake kira lipid) wanda jikinka yake bukatar yayi aiki daidai.Yawan cholesterol mara kyau na iya haɓaka damar samun cututtukan zuciya, bugun jini, da sauran matsaloli.

Kalmar likitanci don cutar hawan jini ita ce cuta ta lipid, hyperlipidemia, ko hypercholesterolemia.

Akwai nau'ikan cholesterol da yawa. Wadanda aka fi magana kansu sune:

• Total cholesterol - duk cholesterol da aka hade
• Babban nauyin lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol - galibi ana kiranta "mai kyau" cholesterol
• Densityananan ƙwayar lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol - galibi ana kiranta "mummunan" cholesterol

Ga mutane da yawa, matakan ƙananan ƙwayar cholesterol wani ɓangare ne saboda salon rayuwa mara kyau. Wannan sau da yawa ya haɗa da cin abincin da ke cike da mai. Sauran dalilai na rayuwa sune:

• Yin nauyi
• Rashin motsa jiki

Hakanan wasu yanayin kiwon lafiya na iya haifar da cholesterol mara kyau, gami da:

• Ciwon suga
• Ciwon koda
• Polycystic ovary ciwo
• Ciki da sauran yanayin da ke kara yawan homonin mata
• Underactive thyroid gland shine yake

Magunguna kamar wasu magungunan hana haihuwa, diuretics (kwayoyi na ruwa), masu hana beta, da wasu magunguna da ake amfani da su don magance ɓacin rai na iya ɗaga matakan cholesterol. Rikice-rikice da yawa da aka ratsa ta cikin dangi suna haifar da mummunan ƙwayar cholesterol da matakan triglyceride. Sun hada da:

• Haɗin gwiwar haɗin dangi
• Dysbetalipoproteinemia na iyali
• Ciwan hypercholesterolemia
• Hawan jini mai yaduwar iyali

Shan sigari baya haifar da matakan cholesterol mafi girma, amma yana iya rage cholesterol naka HDL (mai kyau).

Ana yin gwajin cholesterol don gano cutar rashin lafiyar lipid. Masana daban daban suna ba da shawarar shekaru daban-daban na farawa don manya.

• An ba da shawarar farawa tsakanin 20 zuwa 35 ga maza da 20 zuwa 45 na mata.
• Manya da matakan cholesterol na al'ada basa buƙatar sake maimaita gwajin har tsawon shekaru 5.
• Maimaita gwaji da wuri idan canje-canje ya faru a rayuwa (gami da ƙimar nauyi da abinci).
• Manya tare da tarihin haɓakar mai ƙarfi, ciwon sukari, matsalolin koda, cututtukan zuciya, da sauran yanayi suna buƙatar ƙarin gwaji akai-akai.

Yana da mahimmanci kuyi aiki tare da mai kula da lafiyar ku don saita burin ku na cholesterol. Sabbin jagororin suna jagorantar likitoci nesa da matakan takamaiman matakan cholesterol. Madadin haka, suna ba da shawarar magunguna da allurai daban-daban dangane da tarihin mutum da bayanin halayen haɗarinsa. Waɗannan jagororin suna canzawa lokaci-lokaci yayin da ake samun ƙarin bayani daga karatun bincike.

Babban makasudin su ne:

• LDL: 70 zuwa 130 mg / dL (ƙananan lambobi sun fi kyau)
• HDL: Fiye da 50 mg / dL (mafi girma lambobi sun fi kyau)
• Adadin cholesterol: Kasa da 200 mg / dL (ƙananan lambobi sun fi kyau)
• Triglycerides: 10 zuwa 150 mg / dL (ƙananan lambobi sun fi kyau)

Idan sakamakon cholesterol naku mara kyau ne, zaku iya yin wasu gwaje-gwaje kamar:

• Gwajin jini (glucose) don neman ciwon suga
• Gwajin aikin koda
• Gwajin aikin ka na thyroid don neman rashin aikin glandar thyroid

Matakan da zaku iya ɗauka don inganta matakan cholesterol da kuma taimakawa rigakafin cututtukan zuciya da ciwon zuciya sun haɗa da:

• Dakatar da shan taba. Wannan shine babban canjin da zaku iya yi don rage haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon zuciya da shanyewar jiki.
• Ku ci abincin da ke da karancin mai. Wadannan sun hada da hatsi, 'ya'yan itatuwa, da kayan marmari.
• Yi amfani da kayan kwalliyar mai mai kadan, kayan miya, da kayan miya.
• Guji abincin da ke cike da kitsen mai.
• Motsa jiki a kai a kai.
• Rage nauyi idan ka yi kiba.

Mai ba ku sabis na iya son ku sha magani don ƙwayar ku idan sauye-sauyen salon rayuwa ba su aiki. Wannan zai dogara ne akan:

• Shekarunka
• Shin ko kana da cutar zuciya, ciwon suga, ko wasu matsaloli na kwararar jini
• Ko ka sha taba ko ka yi kiba
• Ko kana da hawan jini ko ciwon suga

Wataƙila kuna buƙatar magani don rage ƙwayar cholesterol:

• Idan kana da ciwon zuciya ko ciwon suga
• Idan kana cikin hatsarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya (koda kuwa har yanzu bakada wata matsalar zuciya)
• Idan LDL cholesterol ɗinka ya kasance 190 mg / dL ko mafi girma

Kusan kowa yana iya samun fa'idodin kiwon lafiya daga LDL cholesterol wanda yake ƙasa da 160 zuwa 190 mg / dL.

Akwai nau'ikan magunguna da yawa don taimakawa rage matakan cholesterol na jini. Magunguna suna aiki ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Statins wani nau'in magani ne wanda ke rage cholesterol kuma an tabbatar dashi don rage damar kamuwa da ciwon zuciya. Akwai wasu magunguna idan haɗarinku yayi yawa kuma statins basa rage matakan cholesterol ɗin ku isa. Wadannan sun hada da ezetimibe da PCSK9 masu hanawa.

Yawan matakan cholesterol na iya haifar da kaurin jijiyoyin jini, wanda kuma ake kira atherosclerosis. Wannan yana faruwa lokacin da mai, cholesterol, da sauran abubuwa suka ginu a cikin bangon jijiyoyin jiki kuma suka samar da sifofi masu wuyar shaƙuwa da ake kira plaques.

Bayan lokaci, waɗannan alamun suna iya toshe jijiyoyin jini da haifar da cututtukan zuciya, bugun jini, da sauran alamomi ko matsaloli a cikin jiki.

Rikicin da ke faruwa ta hanyar dangi yakan haifar da matakan cholesterol mafi girma waɗanda ke da wuyar sarrafawa.

Cholesterol - babba; Ciwon mara; Hyperlipoproteinemia; Hyperlipidemia; Dyslipidemia; Hypercholesterolemia

• Angina - fitarwa
• Angioplasty da mai ƙarfi - zuciya - fitarwa
• Magungunan Antiplatelet - Masu hanawa P2Y12
• Asfirin da cututtukan zuciya
• Kasancewa cikin aiki bayan bugun zuciyar ka
• Yin aiki lokacin da kake da cututtukan zuciya
• Butter, margarine, da man girki
• Cardiac catheterization - fitarwa
• Cholesterol da rayuwa
• Cholesterol - maganin ƙwayoyi
• Cholesterol - menene za a tambayi likita
• Kula da hawan jini
• Ciwon sukari - hana ciwon zuciya da bugun jini
• An bayyana kitsen abincin
• Abincin abinci mai sauri
• Ciwon zuciya - fitarwa
• Yin aikin tiyata na zuciya - fitarwa
• Yin tiyata ta zuciya - fitina kaɗan - fitarwa
• Ciwon zuciya - abubuwan haɗari
• Rashin zuciya - ruwaye da diuretics
• Rashin zuciya - kulawa gida
• Mai bugun zuciya - fitarwa
• Yadda ake karanta alamun abinci
• Cincin gishiri mara nauyi
• Rum abinci
• Bugun jini - fitarwa
• Rubuta ciwon sukari na 2 - abin da za a tambayi likitanka

• Masu samar da cholesterol
• Ciwon jijiyoyin jini
• Cholesterol
• Tsarin ci gaba na atherosclerosis

Genest J, Libby P. Rashin lafiyar Lipoprotein da cututtukan zuciya. A cikin: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald ta Cutar Cutar: Littafin rubutu na Magungunan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 48.

Grundy SM, Dutse NJ, Bailey AL, et al. 2018 AHA / ACC / AACVPR / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / ADA / AGS / APhA / ASPC / NPC / PCNA jagororin kula da ƙwayar cholesterol na jini: rahoto na Kwalejin Kwalejin Zuciya ta Amurka / Heartungiyar Associationungiyar Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka a kan Sharuɗɗan Ayyukan Clinical . J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019; 73 (24); e285-e350. PMID: 30423393 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30423393/.

Robinson JG. Rashin lafiya na maganin ƙwayar cuta. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 195.

Bayanin shawarar ƙarshe na Tasungiyar Ayyuka na Rigakafin Amurka. Yin amfani da Statin don rigakafin farko na cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini a cikin manya: magani mai kariya. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication. An sabunta Nuwamba 13, 2016. Iso ga Fabrairu 24, 2020.

Tasungiyar Ayyuka na Rigakafin Amurka; Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, et al. Nunawa game da cututtukan lipid a cikin yara da matasa: Bayanin shawarar Tasungiyar Preungiyar Rigakafin Amurka. JAMA. 2016; 316 (6): 625-633. PMID: 27532917 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27532917/.