Myeloma mai yawa

Myeloma mai yawa shine cutar kansa da ke farawa a cikin ƙwayoyin plasma a cikin kashin ƙashi. Kashin kashin nama shine laushi, nama mai laushi wanda aka samu a cikin mafi yawan kasusuwa. Yana taimakawa wajen samar da kwayoyin jini.

Kwayoyin Plasma suna taimaka wa jikinka yakar kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar samar da sunadarai da ake kira antibodies. Tare da myeloma mai yawa, kwayoyin plasma suna girma ta yadda ba za su iya sarrafawa a cikin kasusuwan kasusuwa ba kuma suna samar da ciwace-ciwace a cikin sassan ƙashi mai ƙarfi. Girman waɗannan kumburin kasusuwa ya raunana kasusuwa masu ƙarfi. Hakanan yana wahalar da kasusuwan ƙashi don yin lafiyayyun ƙwayoyin jini da platelets.

Dalilin sanannen myeloma ba a sani ba. Jiyya na baya tare da maganin radiation yana ƙara haɗarin irin wannan ciwon daji. Myeloma da yawa yana shafar tsofaffi.

Myeloma da yawa galibi yana haifar da:

• Redarancin ƙwayar jinin jini (anemia), wanda ke haifar da gajiya da gajiyar numfashi
• Whiteananan ƙarancin ƙwayoyin jini, wanda ke sa ku iya kamuwa da cututtuka
• Countananan ƙarancin platelet, wanda zai haifar da zubar jini mara kyau

Yayin da kwayoyin cutar kansa ke girma a cikin ɓarin kashi, ƙila ku sami ciwon ƙashi, galibi a hakarkarinku ko baya.

Kwayoyin cutar kansa na iya raunana kasusuwa. Saboda:

• Kuna iya haɓaka kasusuwa da kasusuwa (raunin kashi) kawai daga yin ayyukan yau da kullun.
• Idan ciwon daji yayi girma a cikin kashin kashin baya, zai iya matsawa akan jijiyoyin. Wannan na iya haifar da suma ko rauni na hannu ko kafafu.

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi tambaya game da alamunku.

Gwajin jini na iya taimakawa wajen gano wannan cuta. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen sun hada da:

• Albumin matakin
• Matsalar alli
• Jimlar matakin furotin
• Ayyukan koda
• Kammala ƙididdigar jini (CBC)
• Immunofixation
• Neididdigar adadin kuɗi
• Maganin furotin electrophoresis

Hanyoyin x-rays, CT scans, ko MRI na iya nuna ɓarkewa ko wuraren ɓoye na ƙashi. Idan mai ba ka sabis ya yi zargin wannan nau'in ciwon daji, za a yi aikin ƙashin ƙashi.

Gwajin ƙashi na kashi na iya nuna ɓarwar ƙashi

Idan gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa kuna da myeloma da yawa, za a yi ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda cutar kansa ta bazu. Wannan ana kiran sa staging. Tsarin kallo yana taimakawa jagorar magani da bibiya.

Mutanen da ke da ƙaramin cuta ko kuma waɗanda ba a tabbatar da ganewar su ba yawanci ana sanya musu ido sosai. Wasu mutane suna da nau'i mai yawa na myeloma wanda ke girma a hankali (ƙone myeloma), wanda ke ɗaukar shekaru don haifar da alamun bayyanar.

Ana amfani da nau'ikan magunguna daban daban don magance myeloma mai yawa. Ana ba su galibi don hana rikitarwa kamar ɓarkewar kashi da lalacewar koda.

Za'a iya amfani da maganin haskakawa don magance ciwon ƙashi ko don rage ƙwayar cuta wanda ke turawa akan jijiyoyin baya.

Za'a iya bada shawarar sauyawar kashin kashi:

• Ana yin ɓarke ​​na ɓarke ​​da keɓaɓɓiyar ƙwayar cuta ko dashen ƙwayoyin halitta ta amfani da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin mutum.
• Yin dashen allogeneic yana amfani da kwayoyin halittar wani. Wannan maganin yana da haɗarin gaske, amma yana iya ba da damar warkarwa.

Ku da mai ba ku sabis na iya buƙatar sarrafa wasu damuwa yayin jinyarku, gami da:

• Samun chemotherapy a gida
• Kula da dabbobin ku
• Matsalar zub da jini
• Bakin bushe
• Cin adadin kuzari
• Amintaccen abinci yayin maganin cutar kansa

Kuna iya sauƙaƙa damuwar rashin lafiya ta hanyar haɗuwa da ƙungiyar tallafawa kansa. Yin tarayya tare da wasu waɗanda suke da masaniya da matsaloli na yau da kullun na iya taimaka muku kada ku ji ku kaɗai.

Outlook ya dogara da shekarun mutum da matakin cutar. A wasu lokuta, cutar na cigaba da saurin gaske. A wasu yanayin, yakan dauki shekaru kafin bayyanar cututtuka ta bayyana.

Gabaɗaya, myeloma da yawa ana iya warkewa, amma kawai a cikin ƙananan lokuta ana iya warkar da shi.

Rashin koda shine matsala mai yawa. Sauran na iya haɗawa da:

• Kashin karaya
• Babban matakin alli a cikin jini, wanda zai iya zama mai haɗari sosai
• Chancesarin damar kamuwa da cuta, musamman a cikin huhu
• Anemia

Kirawo mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da myeloma da yawa kuma kun sami kamuwa da cuta, ko numfashi, rashi motsi, ko raunin ji.

Plasma cell dyscrasia; Pyema cell myeloma; Cutar ƙananan plasmacytoma; Plasmacytoma na kashi; Myeloma - da yawa

• Marashin kashin kashi - fitarwa

• Cryoglobulinemia na yatsunsu
• Tsarin rigakafi
• Antibodies

Yanar gizo Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. PDQ ƙwayar plasma cell neoplasms (gami da myeloma mai yawa). www.cancer.gov/types/myeloma/hp/myeloma-treatment-pdq. An sabunta Yuli 19, 2019. Iso zuwa Fabrairu 13, 2020.

Yanar gizo Yanar Gizon Cutar Kanjamau ta Kasa. NCCN jagororin aikin likita a cikin ilimin ilimin halittu: myeloma da yawa. Sigar 2.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/myeloma.pdf. An sabunta Oktoba 9, 2019. Iso zuwa Fabrairu 13, 2020.

Rajkumar SV, Dispenzieri A. Myeloma da yawa da rikice-rikice masu alaƙa. A cikin: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff na Clinical Oncology. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 101.