Ciwon ƙwayar Wilms

Wilms tumor (WT) wani nau'in cutar sankarar koda ce da ke faruwa a yara.

WT shine mafi yawan nau'in cututtukan yara na yara. Ba a san ainihin abin da ya haifar da wannan ciwon cikin mafi yawan yara ba.

Rashin iris na ido (aniridia) nakasar haihuwa ce wanda wani lokaci ake dangantawa da WT. Sauran lahani na haihuwa da ke da nasaba da irin wannan cutar ta koda sun hada da wasu matsalolin hanyoyin yoyon fitsari da kumburin wani bangare na jiki, wani yanayi da ake kira hemihypertrophy.

An fi samun haka tsakanin wasu ‘yan’uwa da‘ yan biyu, wanda ke nuna yiwuwar kwayoyin halitta.

Cutar na faruwa mafi sau da yawa a cikin yara kimanin shekaru 3. Fiye da 90% na cututtuka ana bincikar su kafin shekaru 10. A cikin al'amuran da ba kasafai ake gani ba, ana ganin hakan a cikin yara sama da shekaru 15, da kuma manya.

Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Ciwon ciki
• Launin fitsari mara kyau
• Maƙarƙashiya
• Zazzaɓi
• Babban rashin jin daɗi ko rashin jin daɗi (rashin lafiyar jiki)
• Hawan jini
• Growthara girma a gefe ɗaya kawai na jiki
• Rashin ci
• Tashin zuciya da amai
• Kumburawa a cikin ciki (hernia na ciki ko taro)
• Gumi (da dare)
• Jini a cikin fitsari (hematuria)

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi tambayoyi game da alamomin ɗanka da tarihin lafiyarsa. Za a tambaye ku idan kuna da tarihin iyali na ciwon daji.

Binciken jiki na iya nuna nauyin ciki. Hakanan cutar hawan jini na iya kasancewa.

Gwajin sun hada da:

• Ciki duban dan tayi
• X-ray na ciki
• BUN
• Kirjin x-ray ko CT scan
• Cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC), na iya nuna karancin jini
• Creatinine
• Yarda da halittar
• CT scan na ciki tare da bambanci
• MRI
• Pyelogram na jijiyoyin jini
• MR angiography (MRA)
• Fitsari
• Sinadarin Alkaline
• Alli
• Transaminases (hanta enzymes)

Sauran gwaje-gwajen da ake buƙata don ƙayyade idan ƙari ya yada zai iya haɗawa da:

• Echocardiogram
• Binciken huhu
• PET scan
• Biopsy

Idan yaronka ya kamu da cutar WT, to kada ka tura ko turawa akan yankin cikin yaron. Yi amfani da kulawa yayin wanka da sarrafawa don kaucewa rauni ga rukunin tumo.

Mataki na farko a jiyya shine ƙaddamar da ƙari. Yin kallo yana taimaka wa mai bayarwa tantance yadda nisan kansa ya bazu da kuma shirya mafi kyawun magani. Yin aikin tiyata don cire kumburin an shirya da wuri-wuri. Hakanan za'a iya cire kyallen takarda da gabobi idan ƙari ya bazu.

Za'a fara sauƙaƙewar fitila mai raɗaɗi da chemotherapy bayan tiyata, gwargwadon matakin ƙari.

Chemotherapy da aka bayar kafin tiyata kuma yana da tasiri wajen hana rikitarwa.

Yaran da kumburinsu bai yadu ba suna da kashi 90% na maganin warkarwa tare da maganin da ya dace. Har ila yau, hangen nesa yana da kyau a cikin yara ƙanana da shekaru 2.

Ciwan yana iya zama babba, amma yawanci yakan kasance a kewaye da kansa. Yada ciwace-ciwace zuwa cikin huhu, ƙwayoyin lymph, hanta, ƙashi, ko kwakwalwa shine mafi damuwa.

Hawan jini da lalacewar koda na iya faruwa sakamakon sakamakon kumburin ko magani.

Cire WT daga koda biyu na iya shafar aikin koda.

Sauran matsalolin da ke faruwa na maganin WT na dogon lokaci na iya haɗawa da:

• Ajiyar zuciya
• Ciwon daji na biyu a wasu wurare a cikin jiki wanda ke tasowa bayan maganin cutar kansa ta farko
• Gajeren gajere

Kira mai ba da yaron idan:

• Kuna gano dunƙulen cikin yaron ku, jini a cikin fitsari, ko wasu alamun WT.
• Ana kula da yaron ku don wannan yanayin kuma alamun bayyanar na ƙara muni ko sabbin alamomi sun haɓaka, yawanci tari, ciwon kirji, rage nauyi, ko zazzaɓin zazzaɓi.

Ga yara da sananniyar haɗari ga WT, ana iya ba da shawarar yin amfani da duban dan tayi na kodan ko kuma nazarin halittar ciki.

Nephroblastoma; Ciwon koda - Wilms

• Ciwon jikin koda
• Ciwon ƙwayar Wilms

Yanar gizo Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Ciwon ƙwayar Wilms da sauran cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar yara (PDQ) - fasalin ƙwararrun kiwon lafiya. www.cancer.gov/types/kidney/hp/wilms-treatment-pdq. An sabunta Yuni 8, 2020. An shiga Agusta 5, 2020.

Ritchey ML, Kudin NG, Shamberger RC. Yurologic urologic oncology: koda da adrenal. A cikin: Partin AW, Dmochowski RR, Kavoussi LR, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: babi na 53.

Weiss RH, Jaimes EA, Hu SL. Ciwon koda. A cikin: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. Brenner da Rector na Koda. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 41.