Cutar Myeloid na kullum

Wadatacce

• Takaitawa
• Menene cutar sankarar jini?
• Menene cutar sankarar myeloid na yau da kullum (CML)?
• Menene ke haifar da cutar sankarar myeloid na yau da kullun (CML)?
• Wanene ke cikin haɗari don cutar sankarar myeloid na yau da kullum (CML)?
• Menene alamun cututtukan sankarar myeloid na yau da kullum (CML)?
• Ta yaya ake gano cutar sankarar myeloid na yau da kullun (CML)?
• Menene fasalin cutar sankarar myeloid na kullum (CML)
• Menene maganin cutar sankarar bargo na marasa lafiya (CML)?

Takaitawa

Menene cutar sankarar jini?

Cutar sankarar jini lokaci ne na cutar kansa na ƙwayoyin jini. Cutar sankarar bargo tana farawa a cikin kayan halitta kamar jini. Kashin kashinku yana sanya kwayayen da zasu bunkasa zuwa kwayoyin farin jini, da jajayen jini, da platelet. Kowane nau'in kwayar halitta yana da aikinsa daban:

• Farin jini yana taimaka wa jikinka yakar kamuwa da cuta
• Kwayoyin jinin ja suna sadar da iskar oxygen daga huhunka zuwa kayan jikinku da gabobinku
• Farantun roba suna taimakawa wajen samar da daskarewa don dakatar da zubar jini

Lokacin da kake fama da cutar sankarar bargo, kashin jikin ka yana yin adadi mai yawa na kwayoyin halitta. Wannan matsalar galibi tana faruwa ne da ƙwayoyin jini. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta suna haɓaka a cikin ɓarin kashin ka da jini. Suna cinye lafiyayyun ƙwayoyin jini kuma suna wahalar da ƙwayoyin ku da jini yin aikin su.

Menene cutar sankarar myeloid na yau da kullum (CML)?

Myeloid leukemia na kullum (CML) wani nau'i ne na cutar sankarar bargo na yau da kullun. "Kullum" yana nufin cewa cutar sankarar bargo mafi yawan lokaci tana kara zama a hankali. A cikin CML, kasusuwar kasusuwa yana haifar da ƙananan granulocytes (nau'in farin ƙwayoyin jini). Waɗannan ƙwayoyin halittu masu banƙyama ana kiransu blasts.Lokacin da ƙwayoyin da ba na al'ada ba suka cinye lafiyayyun ƙwayoyin, zai iya haifar da kamuwa da cuta, ƙarancin jini, da saurin zubar jini. Kwayoyin da ba na al'ada ba zasu iya yadawa a wajen jini zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

CML yawanci yakan faru ne a cikin manya yayin ko bayan tsakiyar shekaru. Yana da wuya a yara.

Menene ke haifar da cutar sankarar myeloid na yau da kullun (CML)?

Mafi yawan mutane masu cutar CML suna da canjin halitta wanda ake kira chromosome na Philadelphia. An kira shi saboda masu bincike a Philadelphia sun gano shi. Mutane koyaushe suna da nau'i-nau'i 23 na chromosomes a kowace tantanin halitta. Wadannan chromosomes sun hada da DNA dinka (kwayoyin halitta). A cikin CML, wani sashin DNA daga chromosome daya ya koma wani chromosome. Yana haɗuwa da wasu DNA a can, wanda ke haifar da sabon kwayar halitta mai suna BCR-ABL. Wannan kwayar halitta tana haifar da kashin kashin ka don yin furotin mara kyau. Wannan furotin din yana bawa kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo damar yin girma ba tare da kulawa ba.

Ba a ba da chromosome ta Philadelphia daga iyaye zuwa yaro. Hakan na faruwa yayin rayuwarka. Ba a san musabbabin hakan ba.

Wanene ke cikin haɗari don cutar sankarar myeloid na yau da kullum (CML)?

Yana da wahala a hango wanda zai sami CML. Akwai wasu abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da haɗarin ku:

• Shekaru - haɗarinku yana hawa yayin da kuka tsufa
• Jinsi - CML ya ɗan zama sananne a cikin maza
• Bayyanawa ga radiation mai ƙarfi

Menene alamun cututtukan sankarar myeloid na yau da kullum (CML)?

Wani lokaci CML baya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka. Idan kana da alamun cuta, zasu iya haɗawa da

• Jin kasala sosai
• Rage nauyi ba tare da wani dalili da aka sani ba
• Zafin zufa na dare
• Zazzaɓi
• Jin zafi ko jin cikewar ƙasa da haƙarƙarin a gefen hagu

Ta yaya ake gano cutar sankarar myeloid na yau da kullun (CML)?

Mai ba ku kiwon lafiya na iya amfani da kayan aiki da yawa don bincika CML:

• Gwajin jiki
• Tarihin likita
• Gwajin jini, kamar cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC) tare da banbanci da gwajin sunadarai na jini. Gwajin sunadarai na jini yana auna abubuwa daban-daban a cikin jini, gami da wutan lantarki, kitse, sunadarai, glucose (sukari), da enzymes. Takamaiman gwaje-gwajen ilimin sunadarai na jini sun hada da rukunin rayuwa na yau da kullun (BMP), cikakken tsarin rayuwa (CMP), gwajin aikin koda, gwaje-gwajen aikin hanta, da kuma kwamitin lantarki.
• Gwajin kashi. Akwai nau'ikan nau'i biyu - burin kasusuwa na kasusuwa da biopsy biopsy biopsy. Dukkanin gwaje-gwajen sun hada da cire samfurin kashin kashi da kashi. Ana aika samfurin zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don gwaji.
• Gwajin kwayar halitta don neman kwayar halitta da canjin chromosome, gami da gwaje-gwaje don neman chromosome na Philadelphia

Idan an gano ku tare da CML, kuna iya samun ƙarin gwaje-gwaje kamar na hoto don ganin ko kansar ta bazu.

Menene fasalin cutar sankarar myeloid na kullum (CML)

CML yana da matakai uku. Matakan suna dogara ne akan yadda girman CML ya girma ko yaɗu:

• Lokaci na yau da kullun, inda ƙasa da 10% na sel a cikin jini da ƙashi na kashin jini sune ƙwayoyin cuta (ƙwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo). Yawancin mutane ana bincikar su a cikin wannan matakin, kuma da yawa basu da alamomi. Ingantaccen magani yakan taimaka a wannan lokacin.
• Hanzari mai sauri, kashi 10% zuwa 19% na ƙwayoyin da ke cikin jini da ƙashin kashin jini sune ƙwayoyin rai. A wannan yanayin, mutane galibi suna da alamun cututtuka kuma daidaitaccen magani bazai da tasiri kamar na lokaci mai tsawo.
• Yanayin filastik, inda kashi 20% ko fiye na ƙwayoyin jini a cikin jini ko ɓarke ​​ƙwayoyin cuta ne. Kwayoyin fashewar sun yadu zuwa wasu kyallen takarda da gabobin jiki. Idan kuna da gajiya, zazzabi, da kuma kara girman ciki a lokacin tashin hankali, ana kiransa rikicin fashewa. Wannan lokaci ya fi wuya a bi da shi.

Menene maganin cutar sankarar bargo na marasa lafiya (CML)?

Akwai magunguna daban-daban na CML:

• Target ɗin da aka yi niyya, wanda ke amfani da ƙwayoyi ko wasu abubuwa waɗanda ke afkawa takamaiman ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta tare da raunin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Don CML, magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta ne masu hana cin hanci da rashawa (TKIs). Suna toshe tyrosine kinase, wanda shine enzyme wanda ke haifar da kashin kashin ka yayi yawan fashewa.
• Chemotherapy
• Immunotherapy
• -Aramin magani mai ƙarfi tare da dasawar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta
• Mai ba da gudummawar lymphocyte (DLI). DLI magani ne da za'a iya amfani dashi bayan dasawar kwayar halitta. Ya haɗa da ba ku jiko (a cikin jini) na ƙwayoyin lymphocytes mai kyau daga mai ba da gudummawar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta. Lymphocytes wani nau'in ƙwayar farin jini ne. Wadannan lymphocytes masu bayarwa na iya kashe sauran kwayoyin cutar kansa.
• Yin aikin tiyata don cire saifa (splenectomy)

Wace jiyya za ku samu zai dogara ne da wane lokaci kuka kasance, shekarunku, lafiyarku gaba ɗaya, da sauran abubuwan. Lokacin da alamu da alamun CML suka ragu ko suka ɓace, ana kiran sa gafartawa. CML na iya dawowa bayan gafara, kuma kuna iya buƙatar ƙarin magani.

NIH: Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa