Spasticity: menene menene, haddasawa, alamu da kuma yadda magani yake

Wadatacce

• Dalilin spasticity
• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• 1. Magunguna
• 2. Gyaran jiki
• 3. Aikace-aikace na botox

Spasticity wani yanayi ne da ke nuna yawan karyewar jiki ba da niyya ba, wanda zai iya bayyana a cikin kowace tsoka, wanda zai iya zama da wahala ga mutum yin ayyukan yau da kullun, kamar magana, motsi da cin abinci, misali.

Wannan yanayin yana faruwa ne saboda wasu lahani ga ɓangaren kwakwalwa ko lakar da ke sarrafa motsi na tsoka na son rai, wanda ka iya zama sanadiyyar bugun jini ko kuma sakamakon cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa. Koyaya, ya danganta da matsalar ƙwaƙwalwar, ƙwaƙwalwar na iya zama mai sauƙi, yana shafar ƙananan ƙwayoyin tsokoki, ko kuma ya fi girma kuma yana haifar da nakasa a wani ɓangaren jiki.

Spasticity wani yanayi ne na yau da kullun, wato, ba za a iya warkewa ba, amma yana yiwuwa a rage alamun ta hanyar ilimin lissafi, amfani da magunguna da likitan jijiyoyin ya nuna, kamar su masu narkar da tsoka, ko kuma ta aikace-aikacen gida botox. 

Dalilin spasticity

Spasticity na iya tashi a cikin mutumin da ke fama da cutar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, saboda lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwar da ke faruwa a waɗannan yanayin yana shafar sautin tsoka, wanda shine ƙarfin da tsoka ke sanyawa don motsawa, yana lalata motsin hannu da ƙafafu, misali.

Mutanen da suka sami rauni na rauni na ƙwaƙwalwa, saboda haɗari, na iya haɓaka spasticity, wanda ke bayyana saboda raunin da ya samu ga ƙwaƙwalwar ko kuma cerebellum, kuma wannan ya sa jijiyoyin jijiya ba sa iya aika sako don motsi na tsokoki.

Hakanan mawuyacin yanayi yana da mahimmanci ga mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan sclerosis, saboda wannan cutar ta autoimmune na haifar da nakasar tsarin mai juyayi wanda ke shafar motsin tsoka. Bincika menene cututtukan cututtukan fata, cututtuka da magani.

Bugu da kari, sauran yanayin da ka iya haifar da spasticity sune cututtukan kwakwalwa, cutar sankarau mai tsanani, shanyewar jiki, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, phenylketonuria da adrenoleukodystrophy, wanda aka fi sani da cutar Lorenzo.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Kwayar cututtukan spasticity sun dogara da tsananin raunin da ke cikin kwakwalwa ko laka, amma suna iya bayyana:

• Contrauntatawa ba da ƙarfi na tsokoki;
• Matsalar lankwasa kafafu ko hannaye;
• Jin zafi a cikin tsokoki da aka shafa;
• Crossetare ƙetare kafafu;
• Lalacewar hadin gwiwa
• Magungunan tsoka.

Saboda canjin tsoka, mutumin da ke fama da rauni zai iya kasancewa ba daidai ba, tare da lanƙwasa hannaye, ƙafafu da ƙafafu kuma an miƙe kai gefe ɗaya.

Kwayar cututtukan spasticity da mutum ya gabatar suna da mahimmanci ga likita don samun damar duba tsananin canjin kuma, don haka, ya nuna magani mafi dacewa. Don haka, an tantance tsananin bisa ga ma'aunin ƙimar Ashworth a:

• Darasi 0: mai haƙuri ba ya gabatar da ƙwayar tsoka;
• Darasi 1: taƙaitaccen tsoka;
• Darasi na 2: haɓaka ƙwayar tsoka, tare da wasu juriya ga motsi;
• Darasi na 3: babban ƙaruwa cikin nitsuwa na tsoka, tare da wahala a lanƙwasa gaɓoɓi;
• Darasi na 4: m tsoka kuma ba tare da yiwuwar motsi ba.

Don haka, gwargwadon tsananin, yana yiwuwa a fara jinyar da ta fi dacewa, don haka ƙwanƙwan spasticity ya ragu a kan lokaci kuma a inganta ingancin rayuwar mutum.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Dole ne likitan jijiyoyi ya jagorantar maganin spasticity, saboda ya zama dole a tantance dalilin da ke haifar da matsalar, da kuma tsananin canjin. Zaɓuɓɓukan sun haɗa da:

1. Magunguna

Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da magungunan spasticity, kamar baclofen ko diazepam, wanda ke taimakawa tsokoki don shakatawa da sauƙaƙe alamun cututtuka, misali. Sauran magungunan da za'a iya nuna su ma sune benzodiazepines, clonidine ko tizanidine, waɗanda ke rage watsa abubuwa da kuma sauƙaƙa nishaɗin tsoka.

2. Gyaran jiki

Don inganta alamun bayyanar spasticity kuma an ba da shawarar yin maganin jiki don kula da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa da kuma guje wa wasu rikice-rikice, kamar taurin haɗin gwiwa, saboda rashin amfani da haɗin gabobin da ya shafa. Za'a iya yin aikin likita a cikin spasticity tare da amfani da:

• Kirkirai amfani da sanyi ga tsokoki da abin ya shafa don rage siginar motsin rai na ɗan lokaci wanda ke haifar da jijiyar;
• Aikace-aikacen zafi: ba da izinin hutawa na ɗan lokaci na tsoka, rage ciwo;
• Kinesiotherapy: fasaha don koyar da mutum ya zauna tare da spasticity, ta hanyar atisaye ko yin amfani da magungunan gargajiya;
• Ulationarawar lantarki: motsawa tare da ƙananan matsalolin lantarki wanda ke taimakawa wajen sarrafa ƙarancin tsoka.

Ya kamata a yi atisayen motsa jiki a kalla sau biyu a mako tare da likitan kwantar da hankali kuma za ku iya yin atisayen da ake koyarwa kowace rana a gida. Wannan magani yana amfani da shi don rage alamun bayyanar spasticity da sauƙaƙe ayyukan yau da kullun.

3. Aikace-aikace na botox

Allura na botox, wanda ake kira toxin botulinum, ana iya amfani dashi don rage ƙarfin jijiyoyi da sauƙaƙe motsi na haɗin gwiwa, yana taimaka wa mutum yin ayyukan yau da kullun har ma da zaman likita.

Wadannan allurai dole ne likita ya nuna su kuma suyi aiki ta hanyar rage karfin jijiyoyin jiki ba tare da son rai ba, duk da haka ayyukansu yana da ajali mai ƙayyadadden lokaci, tsakanin watanni 4 zuwa shekara 1, kasancewar sun fi kowa samun sabon kashi na wannan abu bayan watanni 6 na aikace-aikace na farko. Ya botox Hakanan za'a iya nuna shi don magance spasticity a cikin yara. Duba wasu aikace-aikacen botox.