Menene Hemostasis da yadda yake faruwa

Wadatacce

• Ta yaya hemostasis ke faruwa
• 1. Maganin jini na farko
• 2. Maganin hemostasis
• 3. Fibrinolysis
• Yadda ake gano canje-canje a cikin cutar hemostasis

Hemostasis yayi daidai da jerin matakai waɗanda ke gudana a cikin jijiyoyin jini waɗanda ke nufin kiyaye ruwan jini, ba tare da samuwar daskarewa ko zubar jini ba.

A takaice, hemostasis yana faruwa a matakai guda uku waɗanda ke faruwa cikin sauri da haɗin kai kuma galibi ya ƙunshi platelet da sunadarai masu alhakin coagulation da fibrinolysis.

Ta yaya hemostasis ke faruwa

Hemostasis yana faruwa da kyau a cikin matakai uku waɗanda suka dogara kuma suna faruwa lokaci ɗaya.

1. Maganin jini na farko

Hemostasis yana farawa da zaran jijiyoyin jini sun lalace. Dangane da rauni, vasoconstriction na jirgin ruwan da ya ji rauni yana faruwa ne don rage saurin jini na cikin gida kuma don haka hana zubar jini ko thrombosis.

A lokaci guda, ana kunna platelet kuma suna manne da endothelium na jirgi ta hanyar hanyar von Willebrand. Sannan platelet din suna canza fasalin su ta yadda zasu iya sakin abun da suke ciki a cikin jini, wanda yake da aikin kara daukar karin platelet zuwa wurin cutar, sannan su fara bin junan su, suna yin filastin platelet na farko, wanda yake da na wucin gadi sakamako.

Learnara koyo game da platelet da ayyukansu.

2. Maganin hemostasis

A lokaci guda kamar yadda cutar hemostasis ta farko ke faruwa, ana yin aiki da daskarewa, wanda hakan ke haifar da sunadaran da ke da alhakin sanya jini a kunne. Sakamakon coagulation cascade, siffofin fibrin, wanda ke da aikin ƙarfafa filastin platelet na farko, yana mai da shi kwanciyar hankali.

Abubuwan da ke tattare da jini sune sunadaran da ke zagaya cikin jini ta yadda yake aiki, amma ana aiki dasu gwargwadon bukatun kwayoyin kuma suna da babban burin su shine canzawar fibrinogen zuwa fibrin, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga tafiyar jini.

3. Fibrinolysis

Fibrinolysis shine mataki na uku na cututtukan hemostasis kuma ya ƙunshi aiwatar da lalata ƙwayoyin hemostatic a hankali don dawo da gudan jinin al'ada. Wannan tsari yana shiga tsakani ne ta hanyar plasmin, wanda shine furotin da aka samu daga plasminogen kuma aikinsa shine kaskantar da fibrin.

Yadda ake gano canje-canje a cikin cutar hemostasis

Ana iya gano canje-canje a cikin hemostasis ta takamaiman gwajin jini, kamar:

• Lokacin zub da jini (TS): Wannan gwajin ya kunshi duba lokacin da cutar hemostasis ke faruwa kuma ana iya yi ta karamin rami a kunne, misali. Ta hanyar sakamakon lokacin jinin, yana yiwuwa a tantance hemostasis na farko, wato, ko platelets ɗin suna da cikakken aiki. Duk da kasancewar gwajin da aka yi amfani da shi sosai, wannan dabarar na iya haifar da rashin jin daɗi, musamman ma ga yara, tunda ya zama dole a yi ɗan rami a kunne kuma yana da ƙananan alaƙa da yanayin jinin mutum;
• Gwajin tarin platelet: Ta hanyar wannan jarrabawar, yana yiwuwa a tabbatar da ƙarfin tarin platelet, kuma yana da amfani azaman hanyar kimanta cututtukan jini na farko. Platelets din mutum suna fuskantar abubuwa daban-daban wadanda zasu iya haifar da daskarewa kuma ana iya lura da sakamakon a cikin wata na'urar da ke auna matsayin yawan tarin platelet;
• Lokacin Prothrombin (TP): Wannan gwajin yana tantance ikon jini don daskararwa ta hanyar motsa daya daga cikin hanyoyin a cikin daskararru, hanyar musammam. Sabili da haka, yana bincika tsawon lokacin da yake ɗaukar jini don samar da toshewar hemostatic na biyu. Fahimci menene gwajin Prothrombin Time da yadda ake yin sa;
• Lokacin Sashin Thromboplastin Mai Kunnawa (APTT): Wannan gwajin kuma yana kimanta cutar hemostasis ta biyu, amma duk da haka yana duba aiki na abubuwan coagulation da ake gabatarwa a cikin mahimmin tafarkin coagulation cascade;
• Fibrinogen sashi: Ana yin wannan gwajin tare da haƙiƙanin tabbatarwa idan akwai wadataccen adadin fibrinogen da za a iya amfani dasu don samar da fibrin.

Baya ga waɗannan gwaje-gwajen, likita na iya bayar da shawarar wasu, kamar auna abubuwan ciwan jini, alal misali, saboda a iya sanin ko akwai rashi a cikin duk wani abu da ke haifar da daskarewa da zai iya tsoma baki tare da aiwatar da cutar hemostasis.