Alurar riga kafi ta HPV: menene don ta, wa zai iya ɗauka da sauran tambayoyi

Wadatacce

• Wanene ya kamata ya dauka
• 1. Ta hanyar SUS
• 2. Musamman
• Nau'in allurar rigakafi da allurai
• Wanda ba zai iya dauka ba
• Yakin rigakafi a makarantu
• Illolin maganin
• Me yasa ya fi dacewa a yiwa yara maza da mata allurar rigakafi har zuwa shekaru 15?
• Shin ya zama dole ayi gwaji kafin a sami rigakafin?
• Wanene ke yin rigakafin baya buƙatar amfani da kwaroron roba?
• Shin rigakafin HPV yana da lafiya?

Alurar rigakafin cutar ta HPV, ko kwayar cutar papilloma, ana bayar da ita a matsayin allura kuma tana da aikin rigakafin cututtukan da wannan kwayar ta haifar, kamar su raunin da ya kamu da cutar kansa, kansar wuyan mahaifa, farji da farji, dubura da farji. Ana iya ɗaukar wannan rigakafin a gidan kiwon lafiya da kuma asibitoci masu zaman kansu, amma kuma SUS na ba da shi a wuraren kiwon lafiya da kuma kamfen ɗin rigakafin makaranta.

Alurar rigakafin da SUS ke bayarwa quadrivalent, wanda ke kariya daga nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta 4 na HPV mafi girma a cikin Brazil. Bayan shan allurar, jiki yana samar da kwayoyi masu kare jiki wadanda suka wajaba don yakar kwayar kuma ta haka, idan mutum ya kamu, ba ya kamuwa da cutar, ana kiyaye shi.

Kodayake har yanzu ba a samu damar amfani da shi ba, Anvisa ta rigaya ta amince da sabuwar rigakafin cutar ta HPV, wacce ke kariya daga nau'ikan kwayar cutar 9.

Wanene ya kamata ya dauka

Ana iya ɗaukar rigakafin HPV ta hanyoyi masu zuwa:

1. Ta hanyar SUS

Ana samun rigakafin kyauta a cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya, a cikin allurai 2 zuwa 3, zuwa:

• Samari da ‘yan mata daga shekara 9 zuwa 14;
• Maza da mata daga shekara 9 zuwa 26 masu dauke da kwayar cutar kanjamau ko kanjamau, marasa lafiya wadanda suka sami gabbai, dashewar kashin baya da kuma mutanen da ke fama da cutar kansa.

Hakanan yara maza da mata za su iya yin rigakafin waɗanda ba su da budurwa, amma ana iya rage tasirinsa, domin wataƙila sun riga sun haɗu da ƙwayar cutar.

2. Musamman

Hakanan tsofaffi za su iya ɗaukar maganin, duk da haka, ana iya samun su a cibiyoyin rigakafin masu zaman kansu. An nuna shi don:

• 'Yan mata da mata tsakanin shekaru 9 zuwa 45, idan allurar ta quadrivalent ce, ko kuma duk wani mai shekaru sama da shekaru 9, idan allurar bivalent ce (Cervarix);
• Samari da maza tsakanin shekara 9 zuwa 26, tare da maganin rigakafin quadrivalent (Gardasil);
• Samari da yan mata tsakanin shekara 9 zuwa 26, tare da alurar riga kafi (Gardasil 9).

Alurar za ta iya sha har ma da mutanen da ke shan magani ko kuma waɗanda suka kamu da cutar ta HPV, saboda tana iya kariya daga wasu nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta na HPV, da kuma hana samuwar sabbin cututtukan al'aura da haɗarin cutar kansa.

Nau'in allurar rigakafi da allurai

Akwai alluran rigakafi daban-daban guda biyu akan HPV: allurar ta huɗu da ta bivalent.

Alurar riga kafi ta Quadrivalent

• Ya dace da mata tsakanin shekara 9 zuwa 45, da maza tsakanin shekaru 9 zuwa 26;
• Kare kariya daga ƙwayoyin cuta 6, 11, 16 da 18;
• Yana kariya daga cututtukan al'aura, cutar sankarar mahaifa a cikin mata da kansar azzakari ko dubura dangane da yanayin maza;
• Kamfanin Merck Sharp & Dhome ya kera shi, ana kiransa da suna Gardasil;
• Shine rigakafin da SUS ke bayarwa ga yara maza da mata tsakanin shekaru 9 zuwa 14.
• Allura: Akwai allurai 3, a cikin jadawalin watannin 0-2-6, tare da kashi na biyu bayan watanni 2 da kuma na uku bayan watanni 6 na farko. A cikin yara, ana iya samun sakamako na kariya tare da allurai 2 kawai, don haka wasu kamfen na rigakafi na iya samar da allurai 2 kawai.

Duba umarnin wannan allurar ta danna kan: Gardasil

Allurar rigakafi

• An nuna shi daga shekaru 9 kuma ba tare da iyakar shekarun ba;
• Yana karewa ne kawai daga ƙwayoyin cuta na 16 da 18, waɗanda sune manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar sankarar mahaifa;
• Yana kariya daga cutar sankarar mahaifa, amma banda cututtukan al'aura;
• Irƙira ta hanyar dakin gwaje-gwaje na GSK, ana sayar da kasuwanci azaman Cervarix;
• Allura: Lokacin da aka dauke shi har zuwa shekaru 14, ana yin allurai 2, tare da tazarar watanni 6 a tsakaninsu. Ga mutanen da suka haura shekaru 15, an yi allurai 3, a cikin jadawalin watannin 0-1-6.

Duba ƙarin game da wannan alurar rigakafin a cikin ƙaramin bayanin kunshin: Cervarix.

Alurar rigakafi

• Ana iya gudanar da shi ga yara maza da mata tsakanin shekaru 9 zuwa 26;
• Kare kan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta 9 na HPV: 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52 da 58;
• Yana kariya daga cutar kansa ta mahaifar mahaifa, farji, farji da dubura, kazalika da cututtukan da cutar ta HPV ke haifarwa;
• Kamfanin kera ne daga Merck Sharp & Dhome laboratories, karkashin sunan kasuwanci na Gardasil 9;
• Allura: idan allurar rigakafin farko ta yi shekara 14, ya kamata a yi allurai 2, na biyu ana yin sa ne tsakanin watanni 5 zuwa 13 bayan na farko. Idan allurar rigakafi ta kasance bayan shekaru 15, ya kamata ku bi tsarin jadawalin 3-3 (watanni 0-2-6), inda ake yin kashi na biyu bayan watanni 2 kuma na uku ana yin watanni 6 bayan na farko.

Wanda ba zai iya dauka ba

Kada a yi rigakafin HPV idan:

• Ciki, amma ana iya yin rigakafin jim kaɗan bayan haihuwar jaririn, ƙarƙashin jagorancin likitan mata;
• Lokacin da kake da kowane irin rashin lafiyan abubuwanda ke cikin maganin;
• Game da zazzabi ko rashin lafiya mai tsanani;
• Idan aka samu raguwar yawan platelets da matsalolin daskarewar jini.

Alurar riga kafi na iya taimakawa wajen hana kamuwa da cutar ta HPV da kuma kansar mahaifa, amma ba a nuna ta don magance cutar ba. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci amfani da kwaroron roba a cikin duk abokan hulɗa kuma, ƙari, mace ya kamata ta tuntubi likitan mata aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara kuma ta yi gwaje-gwajen mata kamar su Pap smears.

Yakin rigakafi a makarantu

Alurar rigakafin HPV wani ɓangare ne na jadawalin rigakafin, ana samun kyauta a cikin SUS ga 'yan mata da yara maza tsakanin shekaru 9 zuwa 14. A cikin 2016, SUS ta fara yiwa yara yara daga shekaru 9 zuwa 14, kamar yadda da farko ana samun su ne kawai ga agedan shekaru 12 zuwa 13.

Samari da 'yan mata a wannan rukunin dole ne su sha allurai 2, allurai na farko ana samun su a makarantun gwamnati da masu zaman kansu ko a cibiyoyin kiwon lafiyar jama'a. Ya kamata a dauki kashi na biyu a wani sashin lafiya bayan watanni 6 bayan lokacin rigakafin farko ko na biyu wanda SUS ta inganta.

Illolin maganin

Alurar rigakafin ta HPV na iya zama azaba mai illa, ja ko kumburi a wurin cizon, wanda za a iya rage shi ta hanyar amfani da ƙanƙarar kankara, mai kariya da zane, a kan tabo. Bugu da kari, allurar ta HPV na iya haifar da ciwon kai, jiri, jiri, tashin zuciya, amai da zazzabi sama da 38ºC, wanda za'a iya sarrafa shi tare da antipyretic kamar Paracetamol, misali. Idan mutum yana shakkar asalin zazzabin, ya kamata ta / ta tuntubi likita.

Wasu 'yan mata sun ba da rahoton canje-canje a cikin ƙwarewar ƙafafunsu da wahalar tafiya, duk da haka, karatu tare da allurar rigakafin ba su tabbatar da cewa wannan tasirin yana faruwa ne ta hanyar gudanarwarta, kasancewa mai alaƙa da wasu abubuwan kamar damuwa ko tsoron allura, don misali. Sauran canje-canje masu alaƙa da wannan rigakafin ba a tabbatar da su ta hanyar ilimin kimiyya ba.

Duba bidiyo mai zuwa ka fahimci mahimmancin da allurar riga-kafi ke da shi ga lafiya:

Me yasa ya fi dacewa a yiwa yara maza da mata allurar rigakafi har zuwa shekaru 15?

Labaran kimiyya sun nuna cewa rigakafin HPV ya fi tasiri yayin amfani da waɗanda ba su fara rayuwar jima'i ba, sabili da haka, SUS yana amfani da allurar rigakafin ne kawai ga yara da matasa tsakanin shekaru 9 zuwa 14, amma, kowa na iya shan maganin a asibitoci masu zaman kansu.

Shin ya zama dole ayi gwaji kafin a sami rigakafin?

Babu buƙatar yin kowane gwaji don bincika kamuwa da kwayar cutar ta HPV kafin ɗaukar alurar, amma yana da mahimmanci a san cewa allurar ba ta da tasiri a cikin mutanen da suka riga sun yi hulɗa da juna.

Wanene ke yin rigakafin baya buƙatar amfani da kwaroron roba?

Koda wadanda suka sha allurai biyu na allurar ya kamata koyaushe suyi amfani da kwaroron roba a duk wata hulda ta kusa saboda wannan allurar bata kare wasu cututtukan da ake dauka ta hanyar jima'i, kamar su kanjamau ko syphilis, misali.

Shin rigakafin HPV yana da lafiya?

Wannan alurar riga kafi an nuna cewa tana da aminci yayin gwajin asibiti kuma, ƙari ma, bayan da aka yi wa mutane a ƙasashe da yawa, ba a nuna ya haifar da mummunar illa da ta shafi amfani da ita ba.

Koyaya, akwai rahotanni da aka ruwaito na mutanen da zasu iya firgita da damuwa yayin rigakafin kuma suna iya wucewa, amma wannan gaskiyar ba ta da alaƙa da alurar riga kafi da aka yi amfani da ita, amma ga tsarin motsin zuciyar mutum.