Cryoglobulinemia

Cryoglobulinemia shine kasancewar sunadaran da ba na al'ada ba a cikin jini. Wadannan sunadaran sun yi kauri a yanayin sanyi.

Cryoglobulins sunadarai ne. Har yanzu ba a san dalilin da ya sa suka zama masu ƙarfi ko gel kamar a yanayin ƙarancin yanayi a cikin dakin binciken ba. A cikin jiki, wadannan kwayoyi suna iya samar da hadaddun garkuwar jiki wadanda zasu iya haifar da kumburi da toshe hanyoyin jini. Wannan ana kiransa cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Wannan na iya haifar da matsalolin da suka fara daga rashes na fata zuwa gazawar koda.

Cryoglobulinemia wani ɓangare ne na rukunin cututtukan da ke haifar da lahani da kumburin jijiyoyin jini a cikin jiki duka (vasculitis). Wannan akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan guda uku. An haɗa su bisa nau'in antibody da aka samar:

• Rubuta I
• Nau'in II
• Nau'in III

Nau'o'in II da na III kuma ana kiransu da hadewar cryoglobulinemia.

Nau'in I cryoglobulinemia galibi yana da alaƙa da cutar daji na jini ko tsarin garkuwar jiki.

Nau'o'in II da na III galibi ana samun su ne a cikin mutanen da ke da wata cuta mai ɗorewa (mai ɗorewa), irin su cututtukan autoimmune ko hepatitis C. Yawancin mutane da ke da nau'in II na cryoglobulinemia suna da cutar hepatitis C mai ɗaci.

Sauran yanayin da zasu iya alaƙa da cryoglobulinemia sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon sankarar jini
• Myeloma mai yawa
• Primary macroglobulinemia
• Rheumatoid amosanin gabbai
• Tsarin lupus erythematosus

Kwayar cutar za ta bambanta, ya danganta da nau'in cuta da kake da shi da kuma gabobin da ke ciki. Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da:

• Matsalar numfashi
• Gajiya
• Glomerulonephritis
• Hadin gwiwa
• Ciwon tsoka
• Purpura
• Raynaud sabon abu
• Mutuwar fata
• Ulce na fata

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki. Za a bincika ku don alamun hanta da kumburi.

Gwaje-gwaje don cryoglobulinemia sun haɗa da:

• Cikakken adadin jini (CBC).
• Comara gwaji - lambobi zasu yi ƙasa.
• Gwajin Cryoglobulin - na iya nuna kasancewar cryoglobulins. (Wannan hanya ce mai rikitarwa ta dakin gwaje-gwaje wacce ta kunshi matakai da yawa. Yana da mahimmanci dakin binciken da yake yin gwajin ya saba da aikin.)
• Gwajin aikin hanta - na iya zama mai yawa idan hepatitis C ya kasance.
• Rheumatoid factor - tabbatacce a cikin nau'ikan II da III.
• Biopsy na fata - na iya nuna ƙonewa a cikin jijiyoyin jini, vasculitis.
• Amintaccen electrophoresis - jini - na iya nuna wata sunadarin antibody mara kyau.
• Yin fitsari - na iya nuna jini a cikin fitsari idan kodan sun kamu.

Sauran gwaje-gwaje na iya haɗawa da:

• Angiogram
• Kirjin x-ray
• ESR
• Hepatitis C gwajin
• Gwajin gwajin jijiyoyi, idan mutum yana da rauni a hannu ko ƙafa

MIXED CRYOGLOBULINEMIA (nau'in II da III)

Hanyoyi masu sauƙi ko matsakaici na cryoglobulinemia galibi ana iya magance su ta hanyar ɗaukar matakai don magance dalilin.

Magunguna masu aiki kai tsaye na hepatitis C suna kawar da kwayar cutar a kusan dukkanin mutane. Yayinda cutar hepatitis C ta tafi, cryoglobulins zasu bace cikin kusan rabin dukkan mutane a cikin watanni 12 masu zuwa. Mai ba ku sabis zai ci gaba da lura da cryoglobulins bayan jiyya.

Tsanani cryoglobulinemia vasculitis ya ƙunshi gabobi masu mahimmanci ko manyan yankuna na fata. Ana amfani da shi tare da corticosteroids da sauran magunguna waɗanda ke rage tsarin garkuwar jiki.

• Rituximab magani ne mai tasiri kuma yana da ƙananan haɗari fiye da sauran magunguna.
• Ana amfani da Cyclophosphamide a cikin yanayin barazanar rai inda rituximab baya aiki ko samuwa. An yi amfani da wannan maganin sau da yawa a baya.
• Hakanan ana amfani da magani mai suna plasmapheresis. A wannan tsarin, ana cire plasma jini daga zagayawar jini kuma an cire sunadarai marasa kyau na cryoglobulin. An maye gurbin plasma da ruwa, furotin, ko kuma plasma da aka bayar.

Nau'in Na CRYOGLOBULINEMIA

Wannan cuta ta faru ne sanadiyyar cutar daji ta jini ko garkuwar jiki kamar su myeloma mai yawa. Ana ba da magani kan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayar cuta waɗanda ke haifar da cryoglobulin.

Mafi yawan lokuta, cakuda cryoglobulinemia baya kaiwa ga mutuwa. Outlook na iya zama mara kyau idan an shafa koda.

Matsalolin sun hada da:

• Zub da jini a cikin hanyar narkewa (ba safai ba)
• Ciwon zuciya (rare)
• Cututtuka na ulce
• Rashin koda
• Rashin hanta
• Mutuwar fata
• Mutuwa

Kira mai ba da sabis idan:

• Kuna ci gaba bayyanar cututtuka na cryoglobulinemia.
• Kuna da ciwon hanta na C kuma kuna ci gaba da alamun cutar cryoglobulinemia.
• Kuna da cryoglobulinemia kuma ku ci gaba da haifar da sabuwa ko munanan alamu.

Babu sanannun rigakafin don yanayin.

• Nisantar yanayin sanyi na iya hana wasu alamun alamun.
• Gwaji da magani don kamuwa da cutar hepatitis C zai rage haɗarinku.

• Cryoglobulinemia na yatsunsu
• Cryoglobulinemia - yatsunsu
• Kwayoyin jini

Patterson ER, Winters JL. Hemapheresis. A cikin: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Hanyoyin Laboratory. 23 ga ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 37.

Roccatello D, Saadoun D, ​​Ramos-Casals M, et al. Cryoglobulinaemia. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018; 4 (1): 11. PMID: 30072738 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30072738/.

Dutse JH. Asananan ƙwayoyin cuta vasculitis. A cikin: Firestein GS, Budd RC, Gabriel SE, McInnes IB, O'Dell JR, eds. Littafin Kelley da Firestein na Rheumatology. 10 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 91.