Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin wani furotin ne a cikin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini wanda ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen. Gwajin haemoglobin yana auna yawan haemoglobin din dake cikin jininka.

Ana bukatar samfurin jini.

Babu wani shiri na musamman da ya zama dole.

Lokacin da aka saka allurar don zana jini, wasu mutane suna jin matsakaicin ciwo. Wasu kuma suna jin ƙyalli ko harba. Bayan haka, ƙila za a sami wasu harbi ko ɗan rauni. Wannan da sannu zai tafi.

Gwajin haemoglobin jarabawa ce ta gama gari kuma kusan ana yinta a matsayin wani ɓangare na cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC). Dalilai ko yanayi na yin odar gwajin haemoglobin sun haɗa da:

• Kwayar cututtuka irin su gajiya, rashin lafiya, ko kuma rashin nauyi
• Alamomin zubar jini
• Kafin da bayan manyan tiyata
• Yayin daukar ciki
• Ciwon koda na yau da kullun ko wasu matsalolin kiwon lafiya da yawa
• Kulawa da karancin jini da sanadin sa
• Kulawa yayin magani don cutar kansa
• Kula da magunguna wanda zai iya haifar da ƙarancin jini ko ƙarancin ƙidayar jini

Sakamakon al'ada na manya ya bambanta, amma gabaɗaya sune:

• Namiji: gram 13.8 zuwa 17.2 a kowace deciliter (g / dL) ko 138 zuwa 172 gram a kowace lita (g / L)
• Mace: 12.1 zuwa 15.1 g / dL ko 121 zuwa 151 g / L.

Sakamakon al'ada na yara ya bambanta, amma gabaɗaya sune:

• Jariri: 14 zuwa 24 g / dL ko 140 zuwa 240 g / L.
• Jariri: 9.5 zuwa 13 g / dL ko 95 zuwa 130 g / L

Hanyoyin da ke sama sune ma'aunan gama gari don sakamakon wadannan gwaje-gwajen. Jeri na darajar yau da kullun na iya ɗan bambanta kaɗan tsakanin ɗakunan gwaje-gwaje daban-daban. Wasu leburori suna amfani da ma'auni daban daban ko gwada samfuran daban. Yi magana da mai baka kiwon lafiya game da ma'anar takamaiman sakamakon gwajin ka.

KASAR DA KYAUTA HEMOGLOBIN

Levelananan matakin haemoglobin na iya zama saboda:

• Karancin jini da ke faruwa sanadiyar jajayen jini yana mutuwa da wuri fiye da al'ada (
• Anemia (nau'ikan daban-daban)
• Zub da jini daga bangaren narkewa ko mafitsara, lokacin al'ada mai nauyi
• Ciwon koda na kullum
• Kasancewar kashin baya iya samar da sabbin jajayen kwayoyin jini. Wannan na iya faruwa ne sakamakon cutar sankarar bargo, wasu cututtukan daji, yawan cutar da ke cikin kwayoyi, maganin fuka, ciwon kai, ko kuma cutar ɓarkewar ƙashi
• Rashin abinci mai gina jiki (haɗe da ƙarancin ƙarfe, ƙarfe, bitamin B12, ko bitamin B6)
• Levelananan ƙarfe, fure, bitamin B12, ko bitamin B6
• Sauran cututtukan da ke ci gaba, kamar su cututtukan zuciya na rheumatoid

FIYE DA KYAUTA HEMOGLOBIN

Babban matakin haemoglobin mafi yawancin lokuta ana samun sa ne ta ƙananan matakan oxygen a cikin jini (hypoxia), ana gabatar dasu cikin dogon lokaci. Dalilai na gama gari sun haɗa da:

• Wasu laifofin haihuwa na zuciya waɗanda ke cikin haihuwa (cututtukan zuciya na cikin gida)
• Rashin nasarar hannun dama na zuciya (cor pulmonale)
• Ciwo mai tsanani na huhu (COPD)
• Yin rauni ko kaurin huhu (huhu na huhu) da sauran cututtukan huhu masu tsanani

Sauran dalilai na matakin haemoglobin mai girma sun hada da:

• Wani cututtukan ƙwayar kasusuwa wanda ba shi da alaƙa wanda ke haifar da hauhawar ƙananan ƙwayoyin jini (polycythemia vera)
• Jiki yana da karancin ruwa da ruwaye (rashin ruwa)

Akwai ƙananan haɗari tare da ɗaukar jininka. Jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin jini sun bambanta da girma daga mutum ɗaya zuwa wani kuma daga wannan gefen na jikin zuwa wancan. Samun samfurin jini daga wasu mutane na iya zama mai wahala fiye da na wasu.

Sauran haɗarin da ke tattare da ɗaukar jinni ba su da yawa, amma na iya haɗawa da:

• Zub da jini mai yawa
• Sumewa ko jin an sassauta kai
• Mahara huda don gano wuri jijiyoyinmu
• Hematoma (haɓakar jini a ƙarƙashin fata)
• Kamuwa (ƙananan haɗari kowane lokaci fata ta karye)

Hgb; Hb; Anemia - Hb; Polycythemia - Hb

• Hemoglobin

Chernecky CC, Berger BJ. Hemoglobin (HB, Hgb). A cikin: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, eds. Gwajin Laboratory da hanyoyin bincike. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2013: 621-623.

Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM. Nazarin cututtukan jini. A cikin: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, eds. Nelson Mahimman Bayanan Ilimin Yara. 8th ed. Elsevier; 2019: sura 149.

Yana nufin RT. Kusanci da anemias. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 149.